David McKeague | |
---|---|
Senior Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit | |
Assumed office November 1, 2017 | |
Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit | |
In office June 10,2005 –November 1,2017 | |
Appointed by | George W. Bush |
Preceded by | Richard Fred Suhrheinrich |
Succeeded by | Joan Larsen |
Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Michigan | |
In office February 10,1992 –June 13,2005 | |
Appointed by | George H. W. Bush |
Preceded by | Douglas Woodruff Hillman |
Succeeded by | Janet T. Neff |
Personal details | |
Born | Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,U.S. | November 5,1946
Education | University of Michigan (BA,JD) |
David William McKeague (born November 5,1946) [1] is a senior United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.
McKeague received a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Michigan in 1968,and his Juris Doctor from the University of Michigan Law School in 1971. He served in private practice in Lansing,Michigan until 1992. He was also an adjunct professor at Michigan State University College of Law from 1998 to 2013. [2]
McKeague was nominated by President George H. W. Bush on September 11,1991,to a seat on the United States District Court for the Western District of Michigan vacated by Judge Douglas Woodruff Hillman. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on February 6,1992,and received commission on February 10,1992. His service terminated on June 13,2005,due to elevation to the court of appeals. [2]
On November 8,2001,McKeague was nominated by President George W. Bush to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit vacated by the Judge Richard Fred Suhrheinrich,who assumed senior status on August 15,2001. On the same day,Bush also nominated Henry Saad and Susan Bieke Neilson to Michigan seats on the Sixth Circuit. On June 26,2002,Bush nominated Richard Allen Griffin to a fourth Michigan seat on the Sixth Circuit. During the Democrat-controlled 107th Congress,all four nominations were stalled in the Senate Judiciary Committee by then chairman,Senator Patrick Leahy,D-VT. [2]
In the 2002 midterm congressional elections,the Republicans regained control of the Senate. During the new 108th Congress,Senator Orrin Hatch (R-UT),the new Republican chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee began to process the previously blocked four nominees. In March 2003,Michigan's two Democratic senators,Carl Levin and Debbie Stabenow announced that they would blue-slip all Bush judicial nominees from Michigan because Bush refused to renominate Helene White and Kathleen McCree Lewis,two Michigan nominees to the Sixth Circuit whose nominations the Senate Republicans had refused to process during President Bill Clinton's second term. Helene White at the time was married to Levin's cousin. [3]
Overriding Levin and Stabenow,Hatch gave Saad,McKeague and Griffin hearings,and advanced the three nominees out of committee. Furious,Levin and Stabenow convinced their caucus to filibuster the three to prevent them from having confirmation votes.[ citation needed ]
Senate Republicans increased their numbers in the 109th Congress. Tensions between the Republicans and Democrats rose dramatically as the Republicans sought to break the filibusters of ten Bush court of appeals nominees (including Saad,McKeague and Griffin) by using the nuclear option. In order to defuse the explosive situation concerning the use of the nuclear option and Democrats' obstruction of President Bush's judicial nominations,fourteen moderate Republican and Democratic senators called the Gang of 14 joined together to forge an agreement to guarantee certain filibustered nominations up or down votes. Henry Saad and William Myers,however,were expressly excluded from the deal.[ citation needed ]
Following the 2005 Gang of 14 compromise,McKeague was given a vote along with fellow Sixth Circuit nominee Richard Allen Griffin. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on June 9,2005 by a 96–0 vote, [4] with both Levin and Stabenow ultimately voted in favor of McKeague's nomination. He received his commission on June 10,2005. [2]
In April 2017,McKeague announced his plan to assume senior status upon confirmation of his successor. [5] [6]
On November 1,2017,he assumed senior status after the confirmation of Joan Larsen as his successor. [2]
Speculation abounded over potential nominations to the Supreme Court of the United States by President George W. Bush since before his presidency.
In the United States Senate,the nuclear option is a parliamentary procedure that allows the Senate to override a standing rule by a simple majority,avoiding the two-thirds supermajority normally required to invoke cloture on a measure amending the Standing Rules. The term "nuclear option" is an analogy to nuclear weapons being the most extreme option in warfare.
Henry William Saad is a judge on the Michigan Court of Appeals and a former nominee to the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.
The Gang of 14 was a bipartisan group of Senators in the 109th United States Congress who successfully,at the time,negotiated a compromise in the spring of 2005 to avoid the deployment of the so-called "nuclear option" by Senate Republican Majority over an organized use of the filibuster by Senate Democrats.
Richard Allen Griffin is a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. Previously,he was a judge on the Michigan Court of Appeals.
Susan Bieke Neilson was a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit,and before that,a state trial judge in Michigan.
Helene N. White is a senior United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. Previously,she was a judge on the Michigan Court of Appeals.
During President George W. Bush's two term tenure in office,a few of his nominations for federal judgeships were blocked by the Senate Democrats either directly in the Senate Judiciary Committee or on the full Senate floor in various procedural moves,including the first use of a filibuster to block a Federal Appeals Court nominee. Republicans labeled it an unwarranted obstruction of professionally qualified judicial nominees.
During George H. W. Bush's term in office as the president of the United States of America,he nominated 11 individuals for 10 different federal appellate judgeships who were not processed by the Democratic-controlled Senate Judiciary Committee. The Republicans claim that Senate Democrats of the 102nd Congress on purpose tried to keep open particular judgeships as a political maneuver to allow a future Democratic president to fill them. All 10 of the judgeships were eventually filled with Clinton nominees,although one nominee,Roger Gregory,was nominated by Clinton and then renominated by President George W. Bush. None of the nominees were nominated after July 1,1992,the traditional start date of the unofficial Thurmond Rule during a presidential election year. Senator Orrin Hatch,the Republican leader of the Senate Judiciary Committee during the 106th Congress mentioned the controversy over President George H.W. Bush's court of appeals nominees during the following controversy involving the confirmation of any more Democratic court of appeals nominees during the last two years of President Bill Clinton's second term.
James Arthur Beaty Jr. is a former United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina,and a former nominee to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit.
Gustavo Antonio GelpíJr. is an American lawyer who serves as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit. He is a former chief United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Puerto Rico.
U.S. President Barack Obama nominated over 400 individuals for federal judgeships during his presidency. Of these nominations,Congress confirmed 329 judgeships,173 during the 111th &112th Congresses and 156 during the 113th and 114th Congresses.
Joan Louise Larsen is an American attorney serving as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. She previously was an associate justice of the Michigan Supreme Court from 2015 to 2017.
Donald Trump,President of the United States from 2017 to 2021,entered office with a significant number of judicial vacancies,including a Supreme Court vacancy due to the death of Antonin Scalia in February 2016. During the first eight months of his presidency,he nominated approximately 50 judges,a significantly higher number than any other recent president had made by that point in his presidency. By June 24,2020,200 of his Article III nominees had been confirmed by the United States Senate. According to multiple media outlets,Trump significantly impacted the composition of the Supreme Court and lower courts during his tenure.
The 2005 debate on the nuclear option was a political debate in the United States Senate regarding the possible use of the nuclear option to allow a simple majority to confirm judicial nominees. At the time,three-fifths of all senators duly chosen and sworn were required to end debate on nominations under Rule XXII of the Senate's standing rules.
Stephanie Dawkins Davis is an American lawyer who is serving as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. She previously served as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan and a former United States magistrate judge of the same court.
Andre Bernard Mathis is an American lawyer who is serving as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.
Arianna Julia Freeman is an American lawyer from Pennsylvania who serves as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.
President Joe Biden began his presidency with fewer vacancies to fill than his predecessor. He pledged to nominate people with diverse backgrounds and professional experience;further he pledged to nominate the first black woman to the Supreme Court of the United States.
Rachel Sarah Bloomekatz is an American lawyer from Ohio who serves as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.