Didymocheton gaudichaudianus

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Didymocheton gaudichaudianus
Dysoxylumgaudichaudianum.jpg
Ivory mahogany near Lacey Creek, Queensland
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Meliaceae
Genus: Didymocheton
Species:
D. gaudichaudianus
Binomial name
Didymocheton gaudichaudianus
Synonyms [2]
List
    • Alliaria ammooroides(Miq.) Kuntze (1891)
    • Alliaria gaudichaudiana(A.Juss.) Kuntze (1891)
    • Alliaria otophora(Miq.) Kuntze (1891)
    • Alliaria spanoghei(Miq.) Kuntze (1891)
    • Didymocheton albiflorus(C.DC.) Harms (1940)
    • Didymocheton amooroides(Miq.) Harms (1940)
    • Didymocheton betchei(C.DC.) Harms (1940)
    • Didymocheton decandrus(Blanco) Harms (1940)
    • Didymocheton maota(Reinecke) Harms (1940)
    • Didymocheton spanoghei(Miq.) Harms (1940)
    • Dysoxylum albiflorum C.DC. (1912)
    • Dysoxylum amooroidesMiq. (1868)
    • Dysoxylum amooroides var. otophorum(Miq.) Koord. & Valeton (1896)
    • Dysoxylum amooroides var. pubescensHochr. (1904)
    • Dysoxylum bakerarumGuillaumin (1938)
    • Dysoxylum betcheiC.DC. (1903)
    • Dysoxylum blancoiVidal (1880)
    • Dysoxylum decandrum(Blanco) Merr. (1918)
    • Dysoxylum gaudichaudianum(A.Juss.) Miq. (1868)
    • Dysoxylum intermediumMerr. & L.M.Perry (1948)
    • Dysoxylum macrophyllumTeijsm. & Binn. (1866), nom. nud.
    • Dysoxylum maotaReinecke (1898)
    • Dysoxylum otophorumMiq. (1868)
    • Dysoxylum pubescensTeijsm. & Binn. (1866), nom. nud.
    • Dysoxylum quaifeiC.DC. (1906)
    • Dysoxylum rufum var. glabrescensBenth. (1863)
    • Dysoxylum salutareFern.-Vill. (1880), nom. illeg.
    • Dysoxylum spanogheiMiq. (1868)
    • Dysoxylum vestitumWarb. (1891)
    • Turraea decandraBlanco (1837)
    • Turraea virensBlanco (1845), sensu auct.

Didymocheton gaudichaudianus, commonly known as ivory mahogany, is a species of rainforest tree in the family Meliaceae, native to Malesia, Papuasia, Queensland, and some southwest Pacific islands.

Contents

Description

The ivory mahogany is a large tree growing up to 36 m (118 ft) in height with a straight trunk up to 80 cm (31 in) diameter. The bark is smooth and often has teaspoon-sized depressions in it. Buttress roots are a feature of this tree and may reach up to 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) high and 3.5 m (11 ft) wide. [3] [4]

The very large leaves are produced in whorls and clustered towards the ends of the branches. They are imparipinnate with up to 14 pairs of leaflets, and measure up to 125 cm (49 in) in length. [3] [4] This arrangement produces large spherical clusters of foliage (see gallery).

The leaflets are highly asymmetric at the base with one side of the leaf blade wider than the other. They measure up to 30 by 8 cm (11.8 by 3.1 in) [4]

The inflorescences are thyrses, about 70 cm (28 in) long, and produced in or close to the leaf axils. The flowers are a pale cream or green, 5-merous, with an unpleasant smell. The fruits are capsules about 3 cm (1.2 in) diameter which are covered in fine brown hairs. They have five segments and contain up to 10 seeds about 1 cm (0.39 in) long. [3] [4]

Phenology

Flowering in Australia occurs from September to January, with fruits ripening around October to February. [4] [5]

Taxonomy

This species was first described by Adrien-Henri de Jussieu in 1830. It has been known by many synonyms. [2]

The species epithet was given to honour French botanist Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré. The former genus name Dysoxylum comes from the Latin dys meaning "bad", and the Ancient Greek xylon meaning "wood", and refers to the unpleasant smell produced by some species. [6]

Distribution and habitat

Didymocheton gaudichaudianus is native to central and eastern Malesia (Christmas Island, Java, the Lesser Sunda Islands, Sulawesi, Maluku Islands, and the Philippines), Papuasia (New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, and the Solomon Islands), Queensland, Australia from the Cape York Peninsula to the Mary River in south east Queensland, and some islands South-West Pacific (Vanuatu, the Samoan Islands, Tonga, and Wallis and Futuna). [2] It grows in lowland rainforest up to 300 metres elevation.

Related Research Articles

<i>Dysoxylum</i> Genus of plants in the family Meliaceae

Dysoxylum is a genus of rainforest trees and shrubs in the flowering plant family Meliaceae. About 34 species are recognised in the genus, distributed from India and southern China, through southeast Asia to New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Australia. The name Dysoxylum derives from the Greek word ‘Dys’ meaning "bad" referring to "ill-smelling" and ‘Xylon’ meaning "wood".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kohekohe</span> Species of tree

Kohekohe is a medium-sized tree in the Meliaceae family, native to New Zealand. It is found in lowland and coastal forests throughout most of the North Island and also occurs in the Marlborough Sounds in the north of the South Island. Mature trees grow up to 15 metres (49 ft) in height, with a trunk up to a metre in diameter.

<i>Didymocheton fraserianus</i> Species of tree

Didymocheton fraserianus, commonly known as rosewood or rose mahogany, is a medium-sized to large tree native to New South Wales and Queensland. It is widely used with the purpose of street design and to provide shade in the eastern suburbs of Sydney. Rosewood ranges from the rainforest around eastern Australia from Bundaberg in Queensland to Wyong in New South Wales. At maturity, it can reach a height of 57 metres (200 ft). It is generally known for its strong scent of rose from its bark.

<i>Didymocheton</i> Genus of flowering plants

Didymocheton is a genus of flowering plants in the family Meliaceae. It includes 41 species which range from eastern India through Indochina and southern China to Malesia, Papuasia, eastern Australia, New Zealand, and the South Pacific.

<i>Didymocheton muelleri</i> Subspecies of tree

Didymocheton muelleri, the red bean or Miva mahogany, is a rainforest tree in the family Meliaceae. It occurs in tropical, sub-tropical and littoral rainforests in eastern Australia, from the Bellinger River in New South Wales in the south, to the wet tropics of north-eastern Queensland. A signposted red bean tree may be seen near the car park of Victoria Park Nature Reserve in north-eastern New South Wales.

<i>Didymocheton rufus</i> Species of tree

Didymocheton rufus is a rainforest tree in the family Meliaceae, found in eastern Australia. It occurs on a variety of different soils and rainforest types. From as far south as Bulahdelah, New South Wales to the McIlwraith Range in far north eastern Australia. The specific epithet rufus refers to the rusty red of the leaf, fruit and flower hairs of this species.

<i>Didymocheton pettigrewianus</i> Species of tree in the family Meliaceae

Didymocheton pettigrewianus, commonly known as spur mahogany, spurwood, or Cairns satinwood, is a large tree in the family Meliaceae. It is native to the rainforests of Malesia, Papuasia and Queensland. In Queensland it occurs only in a small part of the northeast coast.

<i>Carnarvonia araliifolia</i> Species of plant in the family Proteaceae

Carnarvonia araliifolia, commonly known as the red oak, red silky oak, Caledonian oak or elephant's foot, is the sole species in the monotypic genus Carnarvonia, a member of the Proteaceae plant family. It is endemic to the rainforests of northeastern Queensland.

<i>Dillenia alata</i> Species of plant in the family Dilleniaceae

Dillenia alata, commonly known as red beech, golden guinea flower or golden guinea tree, is a tree in the Dilleniaceae family, found in tropical forests of the Moluccas, New Guinea, and northern Australia.

Prasoxylon alliaceum is a tree in the family Meliaceae. The specific epithet alliaceum is from the Latin meaning "onion-like", referring to the smell of the inner bark.

<i>Goniocheton arborescens</i> Species of plant in the family Meliaceae

Goniocheton arborescens, commonly known in Australia as Mossman mahogany, is a small tree in the mahogany family Meliaceae. It is native to rainforests of Malesia, Papuasia, Queensland and nearby islands.

<i>Epicharis parasitica</i> Species of plant in the family Meliaceae

Epicharis parasitica, commonly known as yellow mahogany, is a species of rainforest tree in the family Meliaceae native to Taiwan, parts of Malesia, Papuasia, and northeast Queensland.

<i>Dysoxylum malabaricum</i>

Dysoxylum malabaricum, or white cedar, is a tree species endemic to the Western Ghats, India. The species is considered Endangered under the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Harpullia ramiflora</i> Species of plant in the family Sapindaceae

Harpullia ramiflora, commonly known as the Claudie tulipwood or Cape York tulipwood, is a tree in the Sapindaceae family native to north east Queensland, New Guinea and parts of Malesia.

<i>Heptapleurum ellipticum</i> Species of plant in the family Araliaceae

Heptapleurum ellipticum, commonly known in Australia as the climbing umbrella tree, is a plant in the family Araliaceae native to the Indian subcontinent, Indochina, Malesia, Papuasia and Australia.

<i>Pittosporum ferrugineum</i> Species of plant in the family Pittosporaceae

Pittosporum ferrugineum, commonly known as the rusty pittosporum or rusty-leaved pittosporum, is an evergreen plant in the family Pittosporaceae native to Malesia, Papuasia, the Northern Territory and Queensland.

<i>Lasianthus chlorocarpus</i> Species of plant in the family Rubiaceae

Lasianthus chlorocarpus, commonly known as blue rubi, is a plant in the family Rubiaceae native to parts of Malesia, Papuasia and Australia. It is an evergreen shrub growing up to 2 m high in well developed rainforest.

<i>Leea nova-guineensis</i> Species of plant in the family Vitaceae

Leea nova-guineensis, commonly known as bandicoot berry, is a plant in the family Vitaceae native to parts of Malesia and Oceania.

<i>Sterculia shillinglawii</i> Species of plant in the family Malvaceae

Sterculia shillinglawii, commonly known as tulip sterculia or lacewood, is a tree in the family Malvaceae which is native to Papuasia and northeastern Australia.

Dysoxylum acutangulum is a species of flowering plant in the mahogany family, Meliaceae. It is a tree native to Peninsular Thailand, Malesia, New Guinea and the Solomon Islands, and the Northern Territory and Queensland in Australia.

References

  1. IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group & Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI). (2019). "Dysoxylum gaudichaudianum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T156217920A156217922. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T156217920A156217922.en . Retrieved 21 June 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Didymocheton gaudichaudianus A.Juss". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2024. Retrieved 4 March 2024.
  3. 1 2 3 F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Dysoxylum gaudichaudianum". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government . Retrieved 21 June 2022.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Mabberley, D.J. (2021). Sandgren, M.; Kodela, P.G. (eds.). "Dysoxylum gaudichaudianum". Flora of Australia . Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
  5. "Didymocheton gaudichaudianus". iNaturalist. Retrieved 4 March 2024.
  6. Cooper, Wendy; Cooper, William T. (June 2004). Fruits of the Australian Tropical Rainforest. Clifton Hill, Victoria, Australia: Nokomis Editions. p. 288. ISBN   9780958174213.