Dorypterus Temporal range: Wuchiapingian ~ | |
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Restoration of Dorypterus hoffmani | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
Order: | † Bobasatraniiformes |
Family: | † Dorypteridae Gill, 1925 |
Genus: | † Dorypterus Germar, 1842 |
Type species | |
†Dorypterus hoffmanni Germar, 1842 | |
Other species | |
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Dorypterus is a small, extinct genus of prehistoric marine ray-finned fish. It lived during the Wuchiapingian stage of the late Permian epoch in what is now Germany (Kupferschiefer) and England (Marl Slate). Indeterminate remains are known from Hunan, China. [1] [2] It is a hypsisomatic bobasatraniiform with a high dorsal fin. Due to anatomical differences with other bobasatraniiforms, such as the presence of pelvic fins and the reduced scale cover, Dorypterus is placed in its own monotypic family, Dorypteridae.
Two species are known, D. hoffmanni and D. althausi, which are distinguished by differences in length of the dorsal fin. Whereas D. hoffmanni has a long dorsal fin, the dorsal fin of D. althausi is short. However, it is possible that this difference is due to sexual dimorphism, and that D. althausi represents the female phenotype of D. hoffmanni. [3] [4] More recent surveys have D. hoffmanni as the only species in the genus. [1]
Dorypterus, with its deep body, was likely adapted for a slow-swimming lifestyle akin to modern reef fishes. It likely inhabited shallow lagoons dominated by large forests of algae, which it fed on with its scissor-like jaws. It may have been preyed upon by Coelacanthus . [5]
Palaeoniscum is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish from the Permian period (Guadalupian-Lopingian) of England, Germany, Turkey, North America and Greenland, and possibly other regions. The genus was named Palaeoniscum in 1818 by Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville, but was later misspelled as Palaeoniscus by Blainville and other authors. Palaeoniscum belongs to the family Palaeoniscidae.
Weigeltisaurus is an extinct genus of weigeltisaurid reptile from the Late Permian Kupferschiefer of Germany and Marl Slate of England. It has a single species, originally named as Palaechamaeleo jaekeli in 1930 and later assigned the name Weigeltisaurus jaekeli in 1939, when it was revealed that Palaeochamaeleo was a preoccupied name. A 1987 review by Evans and Haubold later lumped Weigeltisaurus jaekeli under Coelurosauravus as a second species of that genus. A 2015 reassessment of skull morphology study substantiated the validity of Weigeltisaurus and subsequent authors have used this genus. Like other Weigeltisaurids, they possessed long rod-like bones that radiated from the trunk that were likely used to support membranes used for gliding, similar to extant Draco lizards.
Birgeria is a genus of carnivorous marine ray-finned fish from the Triassic period. Birgeria had a global distribution, with fossil known from Madagascar, Spitsbergen, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Slovenia, China, Russia, Canada and Nevada, United States. The oldest fossils are from Griesbachian aged beds of the Wordie Creek Formation of East Greenland. Birgeria existed throughout the entire Triassic period, from the very beginning just after the Permian-Triassic mass extinction, up to the very end with its extinction during the Triassic-Jurassic mass extinction.
Australosomus is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish that lived during the Early Triassic epoch in what is now Greenland, Kenya, Tanzania, Madagascar, South Africa and Canada.
Daedalichthys is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater ray-finned fish that lived during the Early Triassic epoch. It contains a single species, D. formosa from the Olenekian-aged Cynognathus Assemblage Zone of South Africa. It was previously classified in Dictyopyge.
Dictyopyge is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater ray-finned fish that inhabited eastern North America during the early part of the Late Triassic. Two species are recognized, both from the early Carnian-aged Doswell Formation in what is now Virginia, United States:
Chichia is an extinct genus of freshwater ray-finned fish that lived during the Guadalupian epoch. It contains a single species, C. gracilis, known from the Bogda Shan of Xinjiang, China.
Acrolepis is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine bony fish that lived from the Famennian stage of the Devonian to the early Triassic epoch. Some species from the Early Triassic of Tasmania are also ascribed to Acrolepis.
Dollopterus is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine ray-finned fish that lived during the Anisian stage of the Middle Triassic epoch. It contains several species known primarily from the Muschelkalk of Germany.
Acentrophorus is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater and marine ray-finned fish from the Roadian to the Wuchiapingian of England, Germany (Kupferschiefer), Italy and Russia. There may also be a Triassic occurrence in Australia.
Boreolepis is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine ray-finned fish that lived from the Late Kungurian to the Wuchiapingian of the Permian period. It inhabited the high northern latitudes in what is now Greenland and European Russia.
Boreosomus is an extinct genus of Triassic marine ray-finned fish. It was first described from the Arctic island of Spitsbergen, hence its genus name, but was later also discovered in other parts of the world. The type species is Boreosomus arcticus.
Corunegenys is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater ray-finned fish that lived during the Late Triassic epoch near what is now Bowral in New South Wales, Australia. It contains a single species, C. bowralensis. Some studies suggest that it may be related to Semionotus capensis.
Colobodus is an extinct genus of marine Triassic ray-finned fish of the family Colobodontidae and order Perleidiformes. Fossils have been found in Europe and China, encompassing the former Tethys Ocean. It could reach body lengths of about 70 cm.
Dipteronotus is an extinct genus of marine stem-neopterygian ray-finned fish that existed during the Middle and Late Triassic epochs in what is now Europe and possibly Morocco. As a typical feature, it had several ridge scales in front of its dorsal fin that created a spine-like structure.
Urosthenes is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Lopingian to Middle Triassic epochs in what is now New South Wales, Australia.
Bobasatraniiformes is an extinct order of durophagous ray-finned fish that existed from the late Permian to the Middle Triassic in both marine and freshwater environments. The order includes two families: Bobasatraniidae, with the genera Bobasatrania, Ebenaqua, and Ecrinesomus, and Dorypteridae, comprising only the genus Dorypterus (monotypy). Bobasatraniiformes had a somewhat global distribution; fossils are found in Africa (Madagascar), Asia (Pakistan), Australia, Europe, and North America.
Acropholis is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine bony fish that lived during the Wuchiapingian age in what is now Greenland and Hesse (Germany).
Pygopterus is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Wuchiapingian to Olenekian ages in what is now England, Germany, Greenland and Svalbard (Spitsbergen). It is one of the few genera of ray-finned fish known to cross the Permian-Triassic boundary.
Tanaocrossus is an extinct genus of primitive freshwater ray-finned fish that inhabited southwestern and eastern North America during the Late Triassic period. It contains a single known species, T. kalliokoskii, known from the United States, with indeterminate species also known.