Eucalyptus baxteri

Last updated

Brown stringybark
Eucalyptus baxteri.jpg
Eucalyptus baxteri,
Caringbah NSW Australia
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. baxteri
Binomial name
Eucalyptus baxteri

Eucalyptus baxteri, commonly known as brown stringybark, [3] is a medium-sized tree that is endemic the south-east of Australia. It has rough, stringy bark to the thinnest branches, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, green to yellow flower buds in groups of between nine and fifteen, and cup-shaped or hemispherical fruit.

Contents

Description

Eucalyptus baxteri is a tree that grows to a height of 40 metres (131 ft) and forms a lignotuber. It has grey to brownish, stringy or fibrous bark from the trunk to the thinnest branches. Young plants and coppice regrowth have egg-shaped, glossy green leaves 25–105 mm (0.98–4.1 in) long and 13–75 mm (0.5–3 in) wide. Adult leaves are lance-shaped, curved or egg-shaped, 60–150 mm (2.4–5.9 in) long and 15–55 mm (0.6–2 in) wide on a petiole 10–29 mm (0.39–1.1 in) long. The leaves are the same glossy green on both sides. The flowers are borne in groups of between nine and fifteen in leaf axils on an unbranched peduncle 2–14 mm (0.079–0.55 in) long, the individual buds on a pedicel up to 2 mm (0.079 in), rarely 5 mm (0.20 in) long. Mature buds are green to yellow, oval to oblong, 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in) long and 3–6 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide with a rounded, conical or flattened, warty operculum about as long as the floral cup. Flowering mainly occurs from June to January and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody cup-shaped, hemispherical or shortened spherical capsule 4–12 mm (0.16–0.47 in) long and 6–18 mm (0.2–0.7 in) wide with the valves level with the rim or slightly above. [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

Taxonomy and naming

Brown stringybark was first formally described in 1867 by George Bentham who gave it the name Eucalyptus santalifolia var.? baxteri and published the description in Flora Australiensis . [8] [9] In 1926, John McConnell Black published the name Eucalyptus baxteri in Volume 3 of the Flora of South Australia. [10] The specific epithet (baxteri) honours William Baxter. [3] [9]

Distribution and habitat

Brown stringybark grows in wet forest, woodland, heath and on coastal dunes and headlands in New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia. In New South Wales it only occurs south from the Nadgee Nature Reserve. In Victoria it is found in coastal and near coastal areas and as far inland as places like Casterton, Clunes and the Grampians. It occurs in the far south-east of South Australia, including the Fleurieu Peninsula and Kangaroo Island. [3] [5] [7]

Ecology

The seeds of trees of this species that are over 100 years old are an important source of food for the endangered south-eastern subspecies of the red-tailed black cockatoo. [11]

Related Research Articles

<i>Eucalyptus caesia</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus caesia, commonly known as caesia or gungurru, is a species of mallee that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has smooth reddish brown bark at first, later shedding in curling flakes, lance-shaped, sometimes curved adult leaves, club-shaped flower buds covered with a waxy, bluish white bloom, pink stamens with yellow anthers and urn-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus jacksonii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus jacksonii, commonly known as the red tingle, is a species of tall tree endemic to the southwest of Western Australia and is one of the tallest trees found in the state. It has thick, rough, stringy reddish bark from the base of the trunk to the thinnest branches, egg-shaped to lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and shortened spherical to barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus globoidea</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus globoidea, commonly known as the white stringybark, is a tree that is endemic to near-coastal areas of south-eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy bark, often furrowed on the trunk, glossy, lance-shaped to egg-shaped, often curved leaves, oval to spindle-shaped green to yellowish flower buds, white flowers and small, more or less spherical to hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus obliqua</i> Species of plant

Eucalyptus obliqua, commonly known as messmate stringybark or messmate, but also known as brown top, brown top stringbark, stringybark or Tasmanian oak, is a species of tree that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy or fibrous bark on the trunk and larger branches, smooth greyish bark on the thinnest branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven to fifteen or more, white flowers and cup-shaped or barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus macrorhyncha</i> Species of plant

Eucalyptus macrorhyncha, commonly known as the red stringybark, is a species of medium-sized tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy, grey to brown bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus grossa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus grossa, commonly known as coarse-leaved mallee, is a species of mallee or rarely a straggly tree, that is endemic to Western Australia. It has rough, fibrous bark on the trunk and all but the thinnest branches, broadly lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, yellowish green flowers and cup-shaped to cylindrical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus capitellata</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus capitellata, commonly known as brown stringybark, is a species of tree that is endemic to New South Wales. It is a small to medium-sized tree with rough, stringy bark from the trunk to the thinnest branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, spindle-shaped or oblong flower buds in groups of seven or more, white flowers and clusters of flattened hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus caliginosa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus caliginosa, commonly known as broad-leaved stringybark or New England stringybark, is a tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has stringy bark, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven or nine, white flowers and more or less hemispherical fruit. It is common on the Northern Tablelands and North West Slopes of New South Wales and adjacent areas of Queensland.

<i>Eucalyptus cephalocarpa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus cephalocarpa, commonly known as mealy stringybark or silver stringybark is a species of small to medium-sized tree, that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has rough, fibrous bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped adult leaves, Flower buds arranged in groups of seven, white flowers and conical, bell-shaped or hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus agglomerata</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus agglomerata, commonly known as blue-leaved stringybark, is a tree endemic to eastern Australia. It has persistent, stringy bark, green or greyish leaves with a bluish sheen, flower buds in groups of eleven to fifteen, white to cream-coloured flowers and crowded, flattened hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus laevopinea</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus laevopinea, commonly known as the silver top stringybark, is a tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy greyish bark on the trunk and larger branches, glossy green, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and hemispherical or shortened spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus loxophleba</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus loxophleba, commonly known as York gum, daarwet, goatta, twotta or yandee, is a species of tree or mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has rough bark on the trunk, smooth olive to brownish bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flowers buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus blaxlandii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus blaxlandii, commonly known as Blaxland's stringybark, is a tree that is endemic to south eastern New South Wales. It is a stringybark with lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds arranged in group of nine or eleven, white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus expressa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus expressa, commonly known as the Wollemi stringybark, is a recently discovered Australian tree species. It has rough, fibrous stringybark on the trunk and larger branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and twenty four and hemispherical to shortened spherical fruit with the valves extending well beyond the rim of the fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus tenella</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus tenella, commonly known as narrow-leaved stringybark, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to New South Wales. It has stringy bark, narrow lance-shaped to linear leaves, flower buds in group of seven to fifteen, white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus baileyana</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus baileyana, commonly known as Bailey's stringybark, is a tree endemic to near-coastal areas of eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy bark on its trunk and main branches, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers with stamens in four bundles and urn-shaped to more or less spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus bensonii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus bensonii, commonly known as Benson's stringybark, is a small tree or mallee that is endemic to New South Wales. It has rough grey or brown stringy bark on the trunk and larger branches, smooth bark on the thinnest branches, broadly lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds arranged in groups of seven, nine or eleven, white flowers and cup-shaped or hemispherical fruit in clusters.

<i>Eucalyptus mckieana</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus mckieana, commonly known as McKie's stringybark, is a species of tree that is endemic to New South Wales. It has rough, stringy bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and cup-shaped, barrel-shaped or hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus arachnaea</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus arachnaea, commonly known as the black-stemmed mallee, is a mallee or tree that is endemic to Western Australia. It has rough, stringy bark, lance-shaped leaves and white flowers in groups of up to thirteen.

<i>Eucalyptus arenacea</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus arenacea, commonly known as the desert stringybark or sand stringybark, is a tree or a mallee that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has rough bark to the thinnest branches, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, club-shaped flower buds arranged in groups of between seven and fifteen, white flowers and hemispherical to more or less spherical fruit.

References

  1. Fensham, R.; Collingwood, T.; Laffineur, B. (2019). "Eucalyptus baxteri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T133374837A133374839. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T133374837A133374839.en . Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  2. "Eucalyptus baxteri". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Eucalyptus baxteri Brown stringybark". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
  4. Chippendale, George M. "Eucalyptus baxteri". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
  5. 1 2 Brooker, M. Ian; Slee, Andrew V. "Eucalyptus baxteri". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
  6. "Eucalyptus baxteri". State Herbarium of South Australia. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
  7. 1 2 Nicolle, Dean (2013). Native Eucalypts of South Australia. Adelaide: Dean Nicolle. pp. 212–213. ISBN   9780646904108.
  8. "Eucalyptus santalifolia var.? baxteri". APNI. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
  9. 1 2 Bentham, George; von Mueller, Ferdinand (1867). Flora Australiensis (Volume 3). London: Lovell Reeve & Co. p. 207. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
  10. "Eucalyptus baxteri". APNI. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
  11. "Red tailed cockatoo" . Retrieved 14 March 2019.