Faxonius virilis

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Faxonius virilis
Northern Crayfish, Rideau River 1.jpg
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe) [2]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Cambaridae
Genus: Faxonius
Species:
F. virilis
Binomial name
Faxonius virilis
(Hagen, 1870) [3]
Synonyms [4]
  • Cambarus virilisHagen, 1870
  • Cambarus wisconsinensisBundy in Forbes, 1876
  • Cambarus debilisBundy in Forbes, 1876
  • Cambarus couesiStreets, 1877

Faxonius virilis is a species of crayfish known as the virile crayfish, northern crayfish,eastern crayfish, and lesser known as the lake crayfish or common crawfish. Faxonius virilis was reclassified in August 2017, and the genus was changed from Orconectes to Faxonius. [4] It is native to the central United States, east to tributaries of Lake Erie, Lake Ontario, Lake Champlain and the St. Lawrence River in New York [5] and to much of Canada. [1] [2]

Contents

Ecology

Faxonius virilis can be found under stones and logs in lakes, streams, and wetlands, where they hide from predators, such as fish. They are identified by the brown of rust-red carapace and large chelipeds, which are usually blue in colour. Faxonius virilis feeds on a wide range of plants and invertebrates, as well as tadpoles and even small fish.

Distribution

Juvenile's greenish colour will turn red on the carapace and blue on the claws with age Young Orconectes virilis.jpeg
Juvenile's greenish colour will turn red on the carapace and blue on the claws with age

Faxonius virilis is found in southern Canada from Alberta to Quebec and in the northern United States, [2] but has become an invasive species in parts of North America outside its native range, and was discovered in the United Kingdom in 2008. [6] It is listed as a species of Least Concern on the IUCN Red List. [1]

Invasive status

In Europe, Faxonius virilis is included since 2016 in the list of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern (the Union list). [7] This implies that this species cannot be imported, bred, transported, commercialized, or intentionally released into the environment in the whole of the European Union. [8]

Uses

Faxonius virilis is used as fishing bait and as food for humans, and also as aquarium food for carnivorous fish. [9]

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rusty crayfish</span> Large species of freshwater crayfish which is native to the United States

The rusty crayfish is a large, aggressive species of freshwater crayfish which is native to the United States, in the Ohio River Basin in parts of Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana. Its range is rapidly expanding across much of eastern North America, displacing native crayfishes in the process. The rusty crayfish was first captured in Illinois in 1973, and has been collected at over 20 locations in the northern portion of the state. In 2005, F. rusticus was found for the first time west of the Continental Divide, in the John Day River, Oregon, which runs into the Columbia River.

Faxonius cooperi, the Flint River crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Alabama and Tennessee in the United States. The common name refers to the Flint River, where the original specimens were found.

<i>Faxonius deanae</i> Species of crayfish

Faxonius deanae, the Conchas crayfish is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to the United States. The common name refers to the Conchas Lake, where the original specimens were found.

Faxonius jonesi, the Sucarnoochee River crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. The common name refers to the Sucarnoochee River, near where the original specimens were found in Kemper County, Mississippi. It is endemic to Mississippi and Alabama in the United States.

Faxonius quadruncus, the St. Francis River crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Missouri. The common name refers to the St. Francis River where the first examples were found.

Faxonius stannardi, the Little Wabash crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Illinois. The common name refers to the Little Wabash River, where the original specimens were found.

<i>Faxonius limosus</i> Species of crayfish

Faxonius limosus, synonym Orconectes limosus, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is native to the east coast of North America, from Quebec to the lower James River, Virginia, but has also been introduced to Europe. It is known commonly as the spinycheek crayfish or Kamberkrebs in German.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marbled crayfish</span> Species of crayfish

The marbled crayfish or Marmorkrebs is a parthenogenetic crayfish that was discovered in the pet trade in Germany in 1995. Marbled crayfish are closely related to the "slough crayfish", Procambarus fallax, which is widely distributed across Florida. No natural populations of marbled crayfish are known. Information provided by one of the original pet traders as to where the marbled crayfish originated was deemed "totally confusing and unreliable". The informal name Marmorkrebs is German for "marbled crayfish".

<i>Faxonius obscurus</i> Species of crayfish

Faxonius obscurus is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is native to the northeastern United States, where it occurs in Maryland, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia. It is an introduced species in adjacent regions, including Massachusetts, Vermont, and Ontario in Canada. It is known commonly as the Allegheny crayfish and the obscure crayfish.

<i>Faxonius immunis</i> Species of crayfish

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<i>Faxonius erichsonianus</i> Species of crayfish

Faxonius erichsonianus is a species in the family Cambaridae ("crayfishes"), in the order Decapoda. A common name for Faxonius erichsonianus is reticulate crayfish. Faxonius erichsonianus is found in the south eastern United States of America.

<i>Procambarus acutus</i> Species of crayfish

Procambarus acutus, the white river crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is found in North America and Europe.

<i>Faxonius validus</i> Species of crayfish

Faxonius validus, the powerful crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is found in North America.

<i>Faxonius</i> Genus of crayfishes

Faxonius is a genus of freshwater crayfish in the family Cambaridae. There are more than 90 described species in Faxonius. It includes the rusty crayfish, an invasive species in North America, and three species, F. virilis, F. immunis, and F. limosus, that are invasive to Europe.

<i>Faxonius lancifer</i> Species of crayfish

Faxonius lancifer, the shrimp crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is widespread in the South-Eastern United States.

<i>Faxonius neglectus</i> Species of freshwater crayfish

Faxonius neglectus, a species of freshwater crayfish also known as the ringed crayfish, is native to Central North America, with two major disjunct areas of distribution in the Ozarks and around Nebraska. The species name, Faxonius neglectus, was previously Orconectes neglectus. Faxonius was declared its own genus in 2017 by Crandall & De Grave, as many previously thought Orconectes species were found to not reside in caves.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Adams, S.; Schuster, G.A. & Taylor, C.A. (2010). "Orconectes virilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T153831A4551026. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T153831A4551026.en . Retrieved 25 August 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 "Faxonius virilis". NatureServe Explorer An online encyclopedia of life. 7.1. NatureServe. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
  3. ↑ "Faxonius virilis". Integrated Taxonomic Information System . Retrieved October 20, 2010.
  4. 1 2 Keith A Crandall & Sammy De Grave (2017). "An updated classification of the freshwater crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidea) of the world, with a complete species list". Journal of Crustacean Biology . 37 (5): 615–653. doi: 10.1093/jcbiol/rux070 .
  5. ↑ Durland Donahou, A. (24 July 2019) [Peer reviewed on 13 November 2017]. "Faxonius virilis (Hagen, 1870)". Nonindigenous Aquatic Species. Gainesville, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
  6. ↑ Daniel Ahern; Judy England & Adam Ellis (2008). "The virile crayfish, Orconectes virilis (Hagen, 1870) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Cambaridae), identified in the UK". Aquatic Invasions . 3 (1): 102–104. doi: 10.3391/ai.2008.3.1.18 .
  7. ↑ "List of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern - Environment - European Commission". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2021-07-27.
  8. ↑ "REGULATION (EU) No 1143/2014 of the European parliament and of the council of 22 October 2014 on the prevention and management of the introduction and spread of invasive alien species". Official Journal of the European Union. 57 (L 317): 35–55. 4 November 2014. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
  9. ↑ Krista Kagume (2008). Ontario Nature Guide. Edmonton: Lone Pine Publishing. ISBN   978-1-55105-564-0.
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