 | |
| Type | Private |
|---|---|
| Industry | Automotive |
| Predecessor | Automobile Craiova |
| Founded | 21 March 2008 |
| Headquarters | Craiova, Romania |
Key people | Ian Pearson, president |
| Products | Automobiles, engines |
Production output | 140,884 vehicles (2019) [1] 155,000 engines (2014) [2] |
| Revenue | 2,263,000,000 euro (2018)  |
 €7 million (2016) [2] | |
Number of employees | 6,200 [3] [4] |
| Parent | Ford Otosan |
| Website | ford.ro |
Ford Romania is an automobile manufacturing company operated by Ford of Europe, located in Craiova, Romania.
Royal Garage imported Ford cars as early as May 1911. Shortly, other agencies such as Colin & Co., Leonida & Co., Noel S.A.R, and Raf S.A.R. expanded the market. Numerous political figures owned Ford cars. Among them was Ion I. C. Brătianu, whose daughter used to call her car Forduţa. [5] Ford cars were an instant success story, thus between May 1911 and November 1912, Royal Garage already sold 106 Ford cars. On December 8, 1920, Collin & Co. requested on behalf of the Ford Motor Company the permission to build an assembly plant in Romania. Unfortunately, Vintilă Brătianu, “notoriously anti-American”, rejected the proposal to the regret of the people directly involved as well as the public opinion.[ citation needed ]
In October 1927, William G. Collins (in the future, assistant manager in Alexandria, Egypt) renewed the proposal for establishing an assembly plant in Constanţa. [5] Finally, in 1931, Ford Motor Company opened a subsidiary in Bucharest. On March 1, 1935 Ford Romania addressed a request for building a new plant on Calea Floreasca, the architect was P. Em. Miclescu, with the contribution of Ioana Golescu. On September 26, 1934, Ford Romania bought 7,535 square meters from Imobiliara Chrissoveloni, at the price of lei 2,335,850 (the price for one square meter was lei 310). [5] Furthermore, Ford Romania intended to receive the advantages granted by the law encouraging the national industry, to sign a treaty for a period of ten years, and to import 2,500 units per year, and the ability to increase this number if the demand would be higher. Lastly, the company requested to be taxed on parts rather than on built-up units.
On May 6, 1936, the Government reduced the privileges granted to Ford, thus the number of imported units dropped to 100; the names of the parts were individually identified, such as paint, valve oil. [5] On May 15, 1936, the assembly plant situated in Bd. V. Craiu (Calea Floreasca) opened. The capacity of this assembly plant was 2,500 cars per year and different reparations at 6,000 cars yearly, the power, the rough material and the employees: „250 workers, from whom five foreign foremen, five technicians and a Romanian draughtsman. The technical manager was a Romanian engineer (L. D. Greceanu). The administrative management was to be held by a general manager, Austrian citizen, helped by five managers, four Romanian citizens and a Swiss one, who are helped at the office by twelve bookkeepers and twenty-six administrative clerks, five of them foreign citizens”. [5] Ford company came to Romania in 1935, after a negotiation with the Romanian government. The company started the first car production line in Eastern Europe at the Ford Română S.A.R. facility in Floreasca neighborhood of Bucharest. It assembled 1935 Ford (V8-48 and V8-68 models), 1937 Ford (V8-74/78, V8-81A/82A, V8-91A/92A and V8-01A/02A models), in Standard and De Luxe versions, Mercury Eight, and Fordson trucks. [6]
The plant produced until World War II when it did only repair activities for the army vehicle fleet. After the war, in 1948, the company was nationalized, and changed its activity to become, in 1960, Automatica, a manufacturer of electrical equipment and automation. [7] [8]
In modern times the company is located in Craiova, in the former Oltcit car factory, later Daewoo Motors facility in Romania (as Daewoo Automobile Romania), which Ford acquired in 2008 from the Romanian government. [9]
Vehicle production at the plant began in September 2009 with the Ford Transit Connect, [10] and later with the Ford B-Max. Engine production at the plant includes three- and four-cylinder versions of Ford's EcoBoost engine family. [11] The plant has a production capacity of 300,000 units per year and it is the country's third company by value of exports. [12]
In March 2016, it was announced that the Ford EcoSport will be built at the Craiova plant starting from the autumn of 2017, moving production for the European market from the current plant in Chennai, India. This happens on the background of the growing market for the SUV segment in Europe, and will bring an investment of €200 million to the factory. [13]
In March 2022, it is announced that Ford Otosan is going to purchase the ownership of Ford Romania. [14]
Daewoo Motors was a South Korean automotive company established in 1937 as "National Motors". The company changed its name several times until 1982 when it became "Daewoo Motors" following its acquisition by the Daewoo Group. After running into financial difficulties, it sold most of its assets in 2002 to General Motors at $1.2 billion, becoming a subsidiary of the American company. In 2011, the name "Daewoo" was definitively removed with the company being renamed GM Korea and the Daewoo brand replaced by the Chevrolet marque.
The Ford EcoSport is a subcompact crossover SUV (B-segment) manufactured by Ford between 2003 and 2023.
The Ford Transit Connect is a compact panel van sold by Ford since 2002. Developed by Ford of Europe, the model line replaced sedan-based vans with a dedicated commercial vehicle platform. The model line is the second-smallest vehicle of the Ford Transit range, slotted between the Ford Transit Courier LAV and the Ford Transit Custom LCV/MPV. In line with other Ford Transit variants, passenger-oriented models are marketed as the Ford Tourneo Connect with side windows and rear seats.
Lima Engine is a Ford Motor Company automobile engine plant located in Lima, Ohio, United States. The factory opened in 1957 as the site of production of Ford's MEL V8 for the Edsel car. It subsequently produced six-cylinder engines, the 385-series 370/429/460 big-block V8 engines, and the 2.3/2.5 L HSC/HSO pushrod four-cylinder engines for the Ford Tempo, Mercury Topaz, and Ford Taurus. The plant also produced the namesake Lima 2.0/2.3/2.5 L OHC four-cylinder used in the Ford Pinto, Fairmont, Mustang, Thunderbird, Aerostar, Ranger, Mercury Capri, Mercury Cougar, and 1993–2006 Mazda B-Series B2300/B2500 compact trucks.
Ford Otomotiv Sanayi A.Ş., doing business as Ford Otosan, is an automotive manufacturing company based in Turkey that is equally owned by Ford Motor Company and Koç Holding. The company was established in its current form in 1977, with original relations dating back to 1928. It currently operates in four main centers: Gölcük and Yeniköy plants in Kocaeli, İnönü plant in Eskişehir, Sancaktepe R&D Center and spare parts warehouse in Istanbul, and Craiova plant in Romania. The company employs more than 20,000 people and had a production capacity of over 700,000 vehicles, 400,000 engines, and 140,000 powertrains by 2022.
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Ford Motor Company Limited, trading as Ford of Britain, is a British wholly owned subsidiary of Ford Technologies Limited, itself a subsidiary of Ford International Capital LLC, which is a subsidiary of Ford Motor Company. Its business started in 1909 and has its registered office in Laindon, Essex. It adopted the name of Ford of Britain in 1960.
Ford Brasil is the Brazilian subsidiary of American automaker Ford Motor Company, founded on April 24, 1919. The operation started out importing the Ford Model T cars and the Ford Model TT trucks in kit form from the United States for assembly in Brazil. The Ford brand, however, had already been present in the country since 1904 with both vehicles being sold in Brazil.
Oltena was a Romanian car manufacturer formed in 1991 after the takeover of the Oltcit shares held by Citroën by the Romanian state. From 1994 and up until 2006, Automobile Craiova S.A. (ACSA) had as its basic activity the sale of various spare parts and accessories for Oltena, Dacia and Daewoo cars.
Much of the Romanian manufacturing industry consists of branch plants of foreign firms, though there are some important domestic manufacturers, such as Automobile Dacia, Ford Romania, Roman Braşov and Igero. In 2018, est. 500,000 automobiles were produced in Romania.
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This article provides an overview of the automotive industry in countries around the world.
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