Gemeente Vervoerbedrijf Amsterdam | |
---|---|
Overview | |
Owner | Municipality of Amsterdam |
Area served | Amsterdam metropolitan area |
Locale | Amsterdam, Netherlands |
Transit type | Tram, metro, ferry and bus |
Annual ridership | 234 million [1] |
Website | https://www.gvb.nl/en |
Operation | |
Began operation | 1900 |
Technical | |
Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge |
Electrification | 600–750 V DC |
GVB is the municipal public transport operator for Amsterdam, the capital of the Netherlands, operating metro, tram, bus and ferry services in the metropolitan area of Amsterdam.
The forerunner of the GVB, the Gemeentetram Amsterdam (GTA) (Amsterdam Municipal Tramway), was established on 1 January 1900 by the city after it acquired a number of private companies. The first electric tram ran on 14 August 1900. [2] In 1925, the GTA introduced its first bus line. [3] In 1943, Gemeentetram merged with Gemeenteveren Amsterdam (established in 1897), the municipal ferry company, to form Gemeente Vervoerbedrijf [note 1] Amsterdam (Dutch pronunciation: [ɣəˈmeːntəvɛrˈvuːrbədrɛifˌɑmstərˈdɑm] ; lit. 'Amsterdam Municipality Transportation Company'). In 1977, the first metro line was introduced. [2]
By 2002, the organization was simply called GVB. [2] In 2007, the GVB became a private corporation under the name GVB Activa B.V., wholly owned by the City of Amsterdam; previously, the GVB was part of the City Of Amsterdam. [4] Between 2006 and 2016, Stadsregio Amsterdam was the authority responsible for all public transport in the greater Amsterdam area; it granted a concession (contract) to the GVB to provide public transport services. In 2010, Stadsregio Amsterdam extended the concession of the GVB for the period 2012–2017, and at the end of 2013, further extended it until 2024. [5] On 1 January 2017, Vervoerregio Amsterdam replaced Stadsregio Amsterdam as the public transport authority for the greater Amsterdam area. [6]
The GVB operates a number of public transportation networks in and around the city of Amsterdam, including:
The newest metro line is the North/South line, which was opened on 22 July 2018.
Until 3 March 2019, line 51 to Amstelveen was a metro service between Central Station and Station Zuid. At Station Zuid it switched from third rail to pantograph and catenary wires. From there to Amstelveen Centrum it shared its track with tram line 5. The light rail vehicles on this line are capable of using both 600V (overhead) and 750V DC (third rail) power supplies.
As of March 2021 [update] , GVB bus services had 22 regular daytime routes (numbered between 15–68), 8 rush-hour routes (200-series route numbers), 11 night routes (numbered as "N" plus two digits) of which just 2 routes run seven days a week. One route (369) runs between Schiphol Airport and Sloterdijk station (railway and metro connections). [7] Three routes (461, 463, 464) offer free rides to the Gelderlandplein shopping centre in the Buitenveldert neighbourhood of Amsterdam. [8]
As of March 2021 [update] , there were 233 buses in the fleet of which 31 were electric. [9]
The busiest bus route as of 2017, is bus route 21, running every 8 minutes or less, seven days a week. [10]
Line | Route | Notes |
---|---|---|
15 | Station Sloterdijk – Station Zuid | |
18 | Amsterdam Centraal – Slotervaart | |
21 | Amsterdam Centraal – Geuzenveld | |
22 | Station Sloterdijk – Muiderpoortstation | |
34 | Noorderpark (metrostation) – Olof Palmeplein | |
35 | Molenwijk – Olof Palmeplein | |
36 | Station Noord – Station Sloterdijk | |
37 | Station Noord – Amstelstation | |
38 | Buiksloterham – Station Noord | |
40 | Amstelstation – Muiderpoortstation | |
41 | Station Holendrecht – Muiderpoortstation | |
43 | Amsterdam Centraal – Borneo-eiland | |
44 | Station Bijlmer ArenA – Diemen-Noord | |
47 | Station Bijlmer ArenA – Station Holendrecht | |
48 | Amsterdam Centraal – Houthavens | |
49 | Station Bijlmer ArenA – Station Weesp | Operates during daytime hours on weekdays only. |
61 | Station Sloterdijk – Osdorpplein | |
62 | Station Lelylaan – Amstelstation | |
63 | Station Lelylaan – Osdorp De Aker | |
65 | KNSM-eiland – Station Zuid | |
66 | Station Bijlmer ArenA – IJburg | |
68 | Metrostation Henk Sneevlietweg – Riekerpolder | Operates during daytime hours on weekdays only. |
231 | Station Sloterdijk – Abberdaan | Rush hour commuter route |
232 | Station Sloterdijk – Westpoort | Rush hour commuter route |
233 | Station Sloterdijk – Westpoort | Rush hour commuter route |
245 | Molenwijk – Schiphol Zuid | Early morning one-way route to Schipol Airport |
246 | Borneo-eiland – Schiphol Zuid | Early morning one-way route to Schipol Airport |
247 | Bos en Lommerplein – Schiphol Zuid | Early morning one-way route to Schipol Airport |
267 | Anderlechtlaan – John M. Keynesplein | Rush hour commuter route |
369 | Station Sloterdijk – Schiphol | Operates to and from Schipol Airport |
461 | Gelderlandplein – Gustav Mahlerplein | Only operates during late morning and afternoon hours |
463 | Gelderlandplein – Bolestein | Only operates during late morning and afternoon hours |
464 | Gelderlandplein – Vivaldi | Only operates during late morning and afternoon hours |
These routes operate as a hub and spoke model. Hours of operation are extended longer on Saturday and Sunday mornings due to a later start of service for daytime routes.
Line | Route | Days of Operation |
---|---|---|
N81 | Centraal Station - Station Sloterdijk | Friday and weekend nights |
N82 | Centraal Station - Geuzenveld | Friday and weekend nights |
N83 | Centraal Station - Osdorp De Aker | Friday and weekend nights |
N84 | Centraal Station - Amstelveen Busstation | Friday and weekend nights |
N85 | Centraal Station - Station Gein | Nightly |
N86 | Centraal Station - Station Bijlmer ArenA | Weekend nights |
N87 | Centraal Station - Station Bijlmer ArenA | Nightly |
N88 | Centraal Station - Nieuw Sloten | Friday and weekend nights |
N89 | Centraal Station - IJburg | Friday and weekend nights |
N91 | Centraal Station - Nieuwendam | Friday and weekend nights |
N93 | Centraal Station - Molenwijk | Friday and weekend nights |
Since 1 July 2013, GVB Veren (veren meaning ferries) has been operating ferry services crossing both the IJ and the North Sea Canal on behalf of the City of Amsterdam. Most of these ferries offer free rides for pedestrians and cyclists. Within the City of Amsterdam, there are seven ferry routes across the IJ, two of which operate overnight. Outside of Amsterdam, the GVB operates three ferry routes across the North Sea Canal at Zaandam, Velsen and Assendelft. The GVB has 19 ferry boats servicing these routes, and is replacing diesel-powered ferries with electrically-operated vessels. The ferries have a maximum speed of 19 kilometres per hour (12 mph). [11]
Ferry routes crossing the IJ are: [12] [13]
Ferry routes crossing the North Sea Canal are: [12]
The Amsterdam public transport network falls under the National Tariff System of the Netherlands and the GVB has a few of its own tickets, notably the 24-, 48- and 72- hour tickets. The electronic OV-chipkaart has been the only ticketing system valid in the Amsterdam metro since the summer of 2009, and in the rest of the network (tram, bus) since June 2010. Most trams carry conductors, but as they no longer stamp passengers' strippenkaarten their role has been deskilled; it now consists in ensuring security along with selling the occasional OV-chipkaart and optionally announcing the stops.
The Amsterdam Metro is a rapid transit system serving Amsterdam, Netherlands, and extending to the surrounding municipalities of Diemen and Ouder-Amstel. Until 2019, it also served the municipality of Amstelveen, but this route was closed and converted into a tram line. The network is owned by the City of Amsterdam and operated by municipal public transport company Gemeente Vervoerbedrijf (GVB), which also operates trams, free ferries and local buses.
Amsterdam Zuid is a railway station situated in the borough of Amsterdam-Zuid in Amsterdam, Netherlands. For a number of years, it was named Amsterdam Zuid WTC, in reference to the neighbouring World Trade Center Amsterdam. During 2006, in conjunction with the rapid development of the area surrounding the station, the station was enlarged and the reference to the WTC was formally dropped from the name.
Amsterdam Centraal station is the largest railway station in Amsterdam, North Holland, the Netherlands. A major international railway hub, it is used by 192,000 passengers a day, making it the second busiest railway station in the country after Utrecht Centraal and the most visited Rijksmonument of the Netherlands.
Amsterdam Sloterdijk is a major railway junction to the west of Amsterdam Centraal station. It is at a rail-rail crossing, with an additional chord (Hemboog). It is on the railway line from Amsterdam Centraal to Haarlem and the last station before the junction where the line Amsterdam Centraal-Zaandam diverges from it and on the crossing west branch of the Amsterdam–Schiphol railway line between Schiphol and Amsterdam Centraal.
Tramlijn 5 is a tram line operating between Amsterdam and Amstelveen in the Netherlands. Operated by the municipal transport company GVB, the route normally runs between Van Hallstraat in Amsterdam and Stadshart in the neighbouring municipality of Amstelveen. Tram line 5 connects several important areas of the city, including the Zuidas financial district and Leidseplein, and also provides a rapid tram route south of Amsterdam Zuid station to Stadshart, Amstelveen's town centre.
The Amsterdam Tram is a tram network in Amsterdam, Netherlands. It dates back to 1875 and since 1943 has been operated by municipal public transport operator Gemeentelijk Vervoerbedrijf (GVB), which also runs the Amsterdam Metro and the city bus and ferry services. Amsterdam has the largest tram network in the Netherlands and one of the largest in Europe.
Amsterdam Amstel is a railway station in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The station opened in 1939. It is located to the southeast of Amsterdam Centraal in the borough of Amsterdam-Oost, near the Amstel river. Amsterdam Amstel is used daily by 50,000 train and metro passengers. Rail services at the station are provided by NS, the principal railway operator in the Netherlands. Metro, tram and city bus services are provided by municipal operator GVB. Regional buses are operated by Transdev and Keolis.
Amsterdam RAI is a railway station situated in southern Amsterdam, Netherlands. It is located between the two directions of the A10 Amsterdam ring road. It is also a metro station at which GVB runs two lines. The station takes its name from the nearby RAI Amsterdam Convention Centre.
Amsterdam Lelylaan is a railway, metro, tram and bus station in west Amsterdam. It is served by trains of the Nederlandse Spoorwegen and metros of the GVB. The station opened on 1 June 1986. It is located on the Amsterdam-Schiphol railway, a few km south of Amsterdam Sloterdijk railway station. South of this station, trains turn west towards Schiphol railway station, while metros turn east towards Amsterdam Zuid railway station. The station is located in the Amsterdam borough of Slotervaart, on a long viaduct spanning three roads.
Diemen is the main railway station of the municipality of Diemen, Netherlands. It is located on the Amsterdam–Zutphen railway between Amsterdam Science Park and Weesp. The station was first opened in 1882 and then closed in 1929. It was reopened at the same location in 1974. The station building was completed in 1978. The train services are operated by Nederlandse Spoorwegen. Among the direct destinations are Almere, Amersfoort, Amsterdam Centraal, Hilversum, Lelystad, and Zwolle. There are connections to two bus services operated by GVB.
Diemen Zuid is a railway station is located in Diemen, a city to the southeast of Amsterdam. The railway station is served by Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS) services as well as line 53 of the Amsterdam Metro.
Amsterdam Holendrecht is a railway and metro station in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
The main public transport in the Netherlands for longer distances is by train. Long-distance buses are limited to a few missing railway connections. Regional and local public transport is by bus and in some cities by metro and tram. There are also ferries.
Amstelveenseweg is an Amsterdam Metro station in the south of Amsterdam, Netherlands. The station opened in 1997 and is served by line 50 and 51.
Schiphol Airport station is a major passenger railway station in Haarlemmermeer, Netherlands, beneath the terminal complex of Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, operated by the Nederlandse Spoorwegen. The station's six platforms are accessible via twelve escalators and three elevators located in the main concourse of the airport. The original station was opened in 1978, and the current station in 1995. It connects the airport to Amsterdam and other cities in the Netherlands, as well as to Belgium and France.
Heemstedestraat is an Amsterdam Metro station in the west of Amsterdam, Netherlands. The station opened in 1997 and is served by line 50 and line 51.
Amsterdam tram line 25, also known as the Amsteltram, is a tram line running south from Amsterdam Zuid station in Amsterdam via Westwijk in Amstelveen to Uithoorn Centrum in Uithoorn. It officially opened to Westwijk on 13 December 2020. The tram line replaced metro line 51, a light rail line (sneltram) that ceased running south of Amsterdam Zuid station on 3 March 2019 to convert it for low-floor trams. Tram line 5 shares the stops with line 25 between Zuid station and Oranjebaan stations. Line 5 had also shared the same tracks with metro line 51, the former using low-level platforms for regular trams, and the latter using high-level platforms.
Amsterdam tram line 26, popularly known as the IJtram, is a tram line operating between Amsterdam Centraal station and the IJburg district in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. As of 2019, the IJtram was the busiest tram line in Amsterdam, carrying 30,000 riders per day. The 8.5-kilometre (5.3 mi) line has 11 stops and a scheduled end-to-end travel time of 22 minutes. It is of existential importance to the IJburg district, as it is the only public transport connection to the city centre for a suburb that is growing to a population of 45,000. When it is interrupted a free replacement bus 76 operates.
Metro Line 51, also known as the Ring Line, is an Amsterdam Metro line running from Amsterdam Centraal station to Isolatorweg metro station, almost creating a full circle through Amsterdam. It was opened in December 1990 as a metro/tram hybrid line named sneltram and served the suburb of Amstelveen. Using special rolling stock, the Amstelveen Line ran as a metro on 750 V DC third rail from Amsterdam Centraal to the Amsterdam Zuid station, where it would switch operation modes and utilize 600 V DC overhead lines and end at Poortwachter. An extension to Westwijk was completed in 2004. In Amstelveen, the line partially ran on the same track as tram line 5 and had many level crossings.
S1 and S2 units, collectively called S1/S2, were electric multiple unit trains used on the Amsterdam Metro in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Built by La Brugeoise et Nivelles (BN), 13 of these units were ordered by the GVB in 1988 (S1), as well as an additional 12 later in 1991 (S2), for a new line from Amsterdam Centraal station to the suburb of Amstelveen. This line, named the Amstelveen Line and later numbered as 51, was initially expected to be a full metro line, but was later changed to a tram-metro hybrid named sneltram due to protests against the metro in the preceding decades. From Amsterdam Centraal to Amsterdam Zuid, Line 51 ran as a regular metro on 750 V DC with third rail pick up, used on the regular metro network. At Zuid, the trains converted to 600 V DC via overhead lines, used by the city's tram network and served Amstelveen as a faster tram service. On the latter part of the route, the line shared tracks and stops with a regular tram line and ran on public roads with crossings.