Imperial Brands

Last updated

Imperial Brands plc
FormerlyImperial Tobacco Group plc (1996–2016) [1]
Company type Public limited company
LSE:  IMB
FTSE 100 Component
Industry Tobacco
Predecessor W.D. & H.O. Wills
Founded1901;123 years ago (1901)
Headquarters Bristol, England
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
List
Products
RevenueDecrease2.svg £32.475 billion (2023) [2]
Increase2.svg £3.402 billion (2023) [2]
Increase2.svg £2.456 billion (2023) [2]
Number of employees
25,500 (2023) [2]
Subsidiaries
Website imperialbrandsplc.com

Imperial Brands plc (formerly Imperial Tobacco Group plc) is a British multinational tobacco company headquartered in London and Bristol, England. [4] It is the world's fourth-largest international cigarette company measured by market share after Philip Morris International, British American Tobacco and Japan Tobacco and the world's largest producer of fine-cut tobacco and tobacco papers. [5]

Contents

Imperial Brands has 30 factories worldwide and its products are sold in around 120 countries. [6] Its brands include Davidoff, West, Golden Virginia (the world's best-selling hand rolling tobacco), Drum (the world's second-largest-selling fine-cut tobacco), and Rizla (the world's best-selling rolling paper). [7]

Imperial Brands also have expanded their product range in recent years to include alternative nicotine products, including the blu vape brand, the Pulze and iD heated tobacco system, and the Zone X and Skruf nicotine pouches.

Imperial Brands is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.

Imperial Tobacco Canada, the Canadian subsidiary of British American Tobacco, has no relationship to Imperial Brands.

History

1901 to 2000

Imperial Tobacco building in Raleigh Road, Bristol, constructed in 1912 Imperial tobacco factory.jpg
Imperial Tobacco building in Raleigh Road, Bristol, constructed in 1912

The Imperial Tobacco Company was created in 1901, through the amalgamation of 13 British tobacco and cigarette companies: W.D. & H.O. Wills of Bristol (the leading manufacturer of tobacco products at that time), John Player & Sons of Nottingham, and 11 other independent family businesses, which were in competition with companies from the United States by the American Tobacco Company. [8] [9] First W. D. & H. O. Wills of Bristol merged with Stephen Mitchell & Son of Glasgow. Subsequently, other smaller companies including Lambert & Butler, William Clarke & Son, Franklyn Davey, Edwards Ringer & Bigg, Hignett Brothers, Hignett's Tobacco, Adkins & Sons, Richmond Cavendish, D&J MacDoland and F&J Smith joined in the amalgamation. In 1904, James & Finlay Bell Ltd merged with Stephen Mitchell & Son. The Company's first chairman was William Henry Wills of the Wills Company. [8]

A 2-ounce (57 g) tin for J&F Bell "Three Nuns" tobacco J&FBell ThreeNuns 2oz.jpg
A 2-ounce (57 g) tin for J&F Bell "Three Nuns" tobacco

In 1902, the Imperial Tobacco Company and the American Tobacco Company agreed to form a joint venture: the British-American Tobacco Company Ltd. [8] The parent companies agreed not to trade in each other's domestic territory and to assign trademarks, export businesses, and overseas subsidiaries to the joint venture. It built the Imperial Tobacco Company Building at Mullins, South Carolina, US between 1908, and 1913. [10] It also established its own leaf-buying organisation in the United States through its building, the Imperial Tobacco Warehouse, in Durham, North Carolina, which is now owned, and has been renovated by, Measurement Incorporated. American Tobacco sold its share in 1911, but Imperial maintained an interest in British American Tobacco until 1980. [8] In 1973, the Imperial Tobacco Company, having become increasingly diversified by acquisition of (amongst others) restaurant chains, food services and distribution businesses, changed its name to Imperial Group while tobacco products continued to be sold by a newly formed subsidiary named Imperial Tobacco Limited. [11]

In 1910, Imperial Tobacco formed the Imperial Tobacco Company of India. [12]

In 1985, the company acquired the Peoples Drug chain and all subsidiaries from A. C. Israel. [13] In 1986, the company was acquired by the conglomerate Hanson Trust plc for £2.5 billion. [14] Divestments during the period of ownership by Hanson included Courage Brewery to Elders, Golden Wonder to Dalgety, Finlays to Arunbhai J. Patel, the wholesaling arm of Sinclair & Collis to Palmer & Harvey, Imperial Hotels and Catering to Trust House Forte and Ross Frozen Foods to United Biscuits. This also led to a dispute over pension payments to employees, as seen in Imperial Group Pension Trust Ltd v Imperial Tobacco Ltd . [15] In 1996, following a decision to concentrate on core tobacco activities, Hanson de-merged Imperial and it was listed as an independent company on the UK stock exchange. [16]

2000 to present

The former Reemtsma head office in Hamburg, Germany, pictured July 2009 Hamburg.Othmarschen.Haus K in O.Verwaltung.wmt.jpg
The former Reemtsma head office in Hamburg, Germany, pictured July 2009

In 2003, Imperial acquired the world's then fourth-largest tobacco company, Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH of Germany: the deal added brands such as Davidoff, Peter Stuyvesant, and West to its portfolio. [17] In 2007, Imperial Tobacco entered the United States tobacco market with its $1.9-billion acquisition of Commonwealth Brands Inc., then the fourth-largest tobacco company in the US. [18] In February 2008, Imperial acquired the world's then fifth-largest tobacco company, Altadis, whose brands included Fortuna, Gauloises Blondes, and Gitanes. [19] A number of factory closures were subsequently announced, including the long-running cigar factory in Bristol. [20]

Following the Scottish Parliament's decision in January 2010, to ban the display of tobacco products in shops, as well as the availability of tobacco vending machines in public buildings with effect from autumn 2011, Imperial Tobacco attempted to challenge the change in the law on the grounds that regulations of the sale goods rested with the Houses of Parliament in Westminster. However, this case was dismissed on 30 September 2010 by Lord Bracadale in the Court of Session in Edinburgh. [21]

In 2011, Altadis USA Inc. said it would add to its Fort Lauderdale, Florida, headquarters and move Commonwealth Brands Inc. employees from Bowling Green, Kentucky. [22] The company's name changed to Commonwealth-Altadis Inc. [23]

In 2013, Imperial opened a new global headquarters in Bristol. [24]

In April 2014, Imperial announced the closure of its long-running Horizon factory in Nottingham. The factory closed in 2016, marking the end of cigarette production in England. [25]

On 15 July 2014, Reynolds American agreed to buy Greensboro, North Carolina-based Lorillard Tobacco Company, for $27.4 billion. [26] The deal also included the sale of the Kool, Winston, Salem, and blu eCigs brands to Imperial for $7.1 billion. [27] In November 2014, Imperial said Commonwealth-Altadis and the Lorillard operations being acquired would be called ITG Brands LLC. [28] The deal with Lorillard was completed on 12 June 2015, and as part of the deal, Greensboro became the location of the ITG headquarters. [29] On 1 November 2018, ITG announced production would move from the former American Tobacco Company plant in Reidsville, North Carolina, built in 1892, and later expanded, to Greensboro by 2020. The plant made USA Gold, Sonoma, Montclair and Rave. [30]

Former logo of the company, used until 2016 when it changed to "Imperial Brands" Imperial tobacco logo.svg
Former logo of the company, used until 2016 when it changed to "Imperial Brands"

In February 2016, Imperial changed its name to "Imperial Brands" to distance itself from tobacco. [31]

In 2018, a subsidiary, Imperial Brands Ventures, took a stake in Oxford Cannabinoid Technologies which is licensed by the UK government to develop cannabis-based medicines. [32]

In November 2019, after searching for a new chairman since February, the company announced its senior independent director Thérèse Esperdy would take the role. [33]

In July 2020 Stefan Bomhard, the former chief executive of global automotive distributor Inchcape and former president of Bacardi Europe, became chief executive of Imperial Brands. [34]

In 2021 Imperial Brands opened an office in Hammersmith, West London. [4]

In 2021 Imperial Brands launched the Pulze and iD heated tobacco system in selected European markets. The company has also launched Zone X, an oral nicotine brand, in several European countries. [35]

In 2022 and 2023 Imperial Brands launched blu 2.0, an upgrade to its blu vaping device, in the UK and several other countries. [36]

Archives

The principal companies involved in setting up Imperial Tobacco were W. D. & H. O. Wills Limited and John Player & Sons of Nottingham. Bristol Archives holds extensive records of W D & H O Wills and Imperial Tobacco (Ref. 38169). [37] Nottinghamshire Archives hold the John Player and Sons collections (main ref. DD/PL). [38] The archives at Liverpool Central Library hold records of the Ogden Branch (Ref. 380 OGD). [39]

Products

The company's brands include: [40]

Cigarettes

Other

Operations

The Nottingham factory and the group's French factory in Nantes closed in 2016, with production moved to Eastern Europe. [41]

Controversies

In May 2022, The Times reported that the company had lobbied politicians in Scotland. Ivan McKee, the trade minister, was the highest-ranking government official who had met with the executives from Imperial Brands: he met them twice in 2018. [42]

Notes

  1. ↑ Products in Australia – Camel, More, Mevius, among others
  2. 1 2 along with British American Tobacco
  3. ↑ British American Tobacco's old products
  4. ↑ Because Imperial Tobacco does not own the trademark on the original name, Lambert & Butler is known in some countries as L&B or Great & British
  5. 1 2 Along with Japan Tobacco
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Fine-cut tobacco
  7. 1 2 3 Rolling paper
  8. ↑ Snus tobacco

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">British American Tobacco</span> British multinational tobacco company

British American Tobacco p.l.c. (BAT) is a British multinational company that manufactures and sells cigarettes, tobacco and other nicotine products. The company, established in 1902, is headquartered in London. As of 2021, it is the largest tobacco company in the world based on net sales.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brown & Williamson</span> American tobacco company

Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation was a U.S. tobacco company and a subsidiary of multinational British American Tobacco that produced several popular cigarette brands. It became infamous as the focus of investigations for chemically enhancing the addictiveness of cigarettes. Its former vice-president of research and development, Jeffrey Wigand, was the whistleblower in an investigation conducted by CBS news program 60 Minutes, an event that was dramatized in the film The Insider (1999). Wigand claimed that B&W had introduced chemicals such as ammonia into cigarettes to increase nicotine delivery and increase addictiveness.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Swedish Match</span> Swedish multinational tobacco company

Swedish Match AB is a Swedish multinational tobacco company headquartered in Stockholm. The company manufactures snus, nicotine pouches, moist snuff, tobacco- and nicotine-free pouch products, chewing tobacco, chew bags, tobacco bits, cigars, matches, lighters, and other fire products with operations in Sweden, Denmark, the United States, the Dominican Republic, Brazil, the Netherlands, and the Philippines. The company's origins can be traced back to 1868, and Ivar Kreuger. Swedish Match has played an important part in Sweden's industrial development.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">W.D. & H.O. Wills</span> Former English tobacco company

W.D. & H.O. Wills was a British tobacco manufacturing company formed in Bristol, England. It was the first British company to mass-produce cigarettes. It was one of the 13 founding companies of the Imperial Tobacco Company ; these firms became branches, or divisions, of the new combine and included John Player & Sons.

Newport is an American brand of menthol cigarettes, currently owned and manufactured by the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company. The brand was originally named for the seaport of Newport, Rhode Island.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lambert & Butler</span> Former English tobacco manufacturing company

Lambert & Butler is a former English tobacco manufacturing company, established in 1834 in Clerkenwell, Central London, that operated as a private business until 1901 when it merged with other UK manufacturers to form the Imperial Tobacco Company. Apart from tobacco products L&B also released several cigarette card sets from the 1910s to the 1930s. They consisted of various topics including motor cars, locomotives, horsemanship, aviation, and association football.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Reynolds American</span> American tobacco company

Reynolds American, Inc. is an American tobacco company which is a subsidiary of British American Tobacco and is the second-largest tobacco company in the United States. Its holdings include R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, American Snuff Company, Santa Fe Natural Tobacco Company, and Niconovum AB.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lorillard Tobacco Company</span> Tobacco firm

Lorillard Tobacco Company was an American tobacco company that marketed cigarettes under the brand names Newport, Maverick, Old Gold, Kent, True, Satin, and Max. The company had two operating segments: cigarettes and electronic cigarettes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Altadis</span>

Altadis is a Spanish-French multinational purveyor and manufacturer of cigarettes, tobacco and cigars. It was formed via a 1999 merger between Tabacalera, the former Spanish tobacco monopoly and SEITA, the former French tobacco monopoly. Through its international holdings, including ownership of the former Consolidated Cigar Holdings and half ownership of the Cuban state tobacco monopoly, Habanos S.A., Altadis was the largest producer of mass market and premium cigars in the world, as well as the fourth largest producer of tobacco products.

Winston is an American brand of cigarettes, currently owned and manufactured by ITG Brands, subsidiary of Imperial Tobacco in the United States and by Japan Tobacco outside the U.S. The brand is named after the town where R. J. Reynolds started his business which is Winston-Salem, North Carolina. As of 2017, Winston has the seventh-highest U.S. market share of all cigarette brands, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Maxwell Report.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gauloises</span> French cigarette brand

Gauloises is a brand of cigarette of French origin. It is produced by the company Imperial Tobacco following its acquisition of Altadis in January 2008 in most countries, but produced and sold by Reemtsma in Germany. Until 2017 the cigarette was manufactured at a plant in Riom, Puy-de-Dôme, in France, but they are now manufactured in Poland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Skruf Snus</span> Swedish tobacco company

Skruf Snus AB is a Swedish manufacturer of snus. They were founded in 2002 and launched their first products in 2003.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Electronic cigarette</span> Device that vaporizes a liquid nicotine solution for inhalation

An electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) or vape is a device that simulates tobacco smoking. It consists of an atomizer, a power source such as a battery, and a container such as a cartridge or tank filled with liquid. Instead of smoke, the user inhales vapor. As such, using an e-cigarette is often called "vaping". The atomizer is a heating element that vaporizes a liquid solution called e-liquid, which quickly cools into an aerosol of tiny droplets, vapor and air. E-cigarettes are activated by taking a puff or pressing a button. Some look like traditional cigarettes, and most kinds are reusable. The vapor mainly comprises propylene glycol and/or glycerin, usually with nicotine and flavoring. Its exact composition varies, and depends on several things including user behavior.

Maverick, is an American brand of cigarettes, currently owned and manufactured by ITG Brands, a subsidiary of Imperial Tobacco.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Smoking in the United Kingdom</span>

Smoking in the United Kingdom involves the consumption of combustible cigarettes and other forms of tobacco in the United Kingdom, as well as the history of the tobacco industry, together with government regulation and medical issues.

blu eCigs Electronic cigarette brand

blu is an electronic cigarette brand, produced by Fontem Ventures and owned by Imperial Brands. The brand blu sells various types of rechargeable and disposable e-cigarettes with a wide selection of flavored and unflavored liquids. Its products are available in many countries and each market offers different types of products suited to public demand and opportunities. The global headquarters of blu is located in Amsterdam. Local offices are active around the world to service all markets which sell the brand.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ITG Brands</span> US tobacco company

ITG Brands, LLC is the third-largest American tobacco manufacturing company in the United States. It is a subsidiary of British multinational Imperial Brands. ITG Brands markets and sells multiple cigarette and cigar brands and sells blu eCigs. The company was created in 2015 and has its production, headquarters, and regulatory compliance facilities located in Greensboro, North Carolina.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nicotine pouch</span> Nicotine product

Nicotine pouches, also called modern oral nicotine products, are white pouches containing nicotine among other ingredients. They do not include tobacco leaf, dust, or stem. The nicotine may either be derived from tobacco plants or may be synthetic. Nicotine pouches are described as either similar to or a tobacco-free version of snus.

References

  1. ↑ "HAFREN DYFRDWY CYFYNGEDIG overview - Find and update company information - GOV.UK". Companies House . 13 March 1998. Retrieved 10 February 2024.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Annual Report 2023" (PDF). Imperial Brands. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
  3. ↑ "Our companies". Imperial Brands. Archived from the original on 25 November 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  4. 1 2 Hodgson, Joanna (16 February 2023). "Office days: The full list of average weekly working patterns at FTSE 100 firms". Evening Standard. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  5. ↑ "Alison Cooper: lighting up Imperial Tobacco". The Telegraph. London. 21 March 2010. Retrieved 14 March 2014.
  6. ↑ "Corporate Fact File" (PDF). Imperial Tobacco Group plc. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 September 2010. Retrieved 4 September 2010.
  7. ↑ "International strategic brands". Imperial Tobacco Group plc. Archived from the original on 28 February 2009. Retrieved 4 September 2010.
  8. 1 2 3 4 "Imperial Tobacco History – Formation". Imperial Tobacco. Archived from the original on 1 March 2015. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
  9. ↑ Stead, W. T. (1901). The Americanization of the World. Horace Markley. pp. 379–380.
  10. ↑ "Imperial Tobacco Company Building" (PDF). National Register of Historic Places — Nomination and Inventory. n.d. Retrieved 22 February 2014.
  11. ↑ "Imperial Tobacco History – Diversification". Imperial Tobacco. Archived from the original on 1 March 2015. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
  12. ↑ "History and Evolution". ITC Limited. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
  13. ↑ Chain Drug Review, 14 March 1988 "Lane being converted to the Peoples name"
  14. ↑ "Imperial Tobacco History – The Hanson Years". Imperial Tobacco. Archived from the original on 1 March 2015. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
  15. ↑ [1991] 1 WLR 589
  16. ↑ "Imperial Tobacco History – The Company today". Imperial Tobacco. Archived from the original on 1 March 2015. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
  17. ↑ "BBC News - BUSINESS - Imperial buys top German cigarette maker". bbc.co.uk. 7 March 2002. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
  18. ↑ Bruce Schreiner, "Houchens expanding at a rapid pace: Company has evolved since Kentucky start" [ permanent dead link ], Associated Press, 24 December 2007
  19. ↑ "Imperial Tobacco to buy Altadis for $17bn". New York Times. 19 July 2007. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
  20. ↑ "Imperial Tobacco Group PLC - Media - News - Imperial Tobacco Group PLC announces European integration restructuring projects (19 June, 2008)". imperial-tobacco.com. Archived from the original on 5 October 2015. Retrieved 29 October 2015.
  21. ↑ "Tobacco firm loses legal battle". BBC News. 30 September 2010.
  22. ↑ "Cigar Company to Create 55 Jobs in Fort Lauderdale". Sun-Sentinel . 29 June 2011. p. 1D.
  23. ↑ "9-to-5 News". Daily News . 7 December 2011.
  24. ↑ "New, ultra-green offices 'reflect company ethos'". Bristol Post. 12 July 2013. Archived from the original on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2014.
  25. ↑ "Last English-produced cigarettes made in Nottingham". BBC News. 21 May 2016. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  26. ↑ Bray, Michael J. de la Merced and Chad (15 July 2014). "To Compete With Altria, Reynolds American Is Buying Lorillard".
  27. ↑ Mangan, Dan (15 July 2014). "Feeling blu? E-cig company spun off in major tobacco deal". CNBC .
  28. ↑ Craver, Richard (6 November 2014). "Imperial Tobacco chooses name for proposed expanded U.S. subsidiary". Winston-Salem Journal . p. A9.
  29. ↑ Craver, Richard (16 June 2015). "ITG's Florida workforce not moving to Greensboro". Winston-Salem Journal. Retrieved 26 June 2015.
  30. ↑ "ITG Brands moving tobacco production from Reidsville to Greensboro". News & Record . 1 November 2018. Retrieved 2 November 2018.
  31. ↑ "Imperial Tobacco is rebranding to Imperial Brands". City AM. 5 February 2016. Retrieved 25 March 2016.
  32. ↑ "Tobacco giant Imperial Brands invests in medical cannabis". BBC News. 28 June 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  33. ↑ Media, Insider. "New chairman revealed at Imperial Brands". Insider Media Ltd. Retrieved 5 November 2019.
  34. ↑ Hancock, Alice (3 February 2020). "Imperial Brands names new chief executive". Financial Times. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  35. ↑ "Nicotine Pouches". University of Bath. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
  36. ↑ Ralph, Alex (4 July 2023). "Smokers crave alternative, says Imperial boss". The Times. ISSN   0140-0460 . Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  37. ↑ "W D & H O Wills and Imperial Tobacco: online catalogue". Bristol City Council. Retrieved 7 April 2017.
  38. ↑ "John Player and Sons: online catalogue". Nottinghamshire County Council. Retrieved 7 April 2017.
  39. ↑ "Ogden Branch: online catalogue". Liverpool City Council. Retrieved 7 April 2017.
  40. ↑ "Brand portfolio". Imperial Brands. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
  41. ↑ Robinson, Duncan; Carnegy, Hugh (15 April 2014). "Imperial Tobacco to cut jobs and shut factories in UK and France" . Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
  42. ↑ Macaskill, Mark. "Tobacco firms lobbied politicians in Scotland in 'breach of WHO treaty'". The Times . ISSN   0140-0460 . Retrieved 31 May 2022.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.