Jaba River

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Jaba River is a river in Bougainville, Papua New Guinea. It empties to Empress Augusta Bay at 6°23′00″S155°13′00″E / 6.3833333°S 155.2166667°E / -6.3833333; 155.2166667 . It was polluted by waste [1] from the Panguna mine, which specialized in copper. The aquatic life of Jaba river was destroyed due to heavy metal pollution. [2] The environmental pollution of river was one of the causes [3] [4] of armed conflict on the island and struggle of local people for independence.

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Geography of Papua New Guinea

The geography of Papua New Guinea describes the eastern half of the island of New Guinea, the islands of New Ireland, New Britain and Bougainville, and smaller nearby islands. Together these make up the nation of Papua New Guinea in tropical Oceania, located in the western edge of the Pacific Ocean.

Autonomous Region of Bougainville Autonomous region of Papua New Guinea

Bougainville, officially the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, is an autonomous region in Papua New Guinea. The largest island is Bougainville Island, while the region also includes Buka Island and a number of outlying islands and atolls. The interim capital is Buka, though it is expected that major government services and buildings will be moved to Arawa, following reconstruction.

Bougainville Island Main island of the Bougainville, Papua New Guinea

Bougainville Island is the main island of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, which is part of Papua New Guinea. It was previously the main landmass in the German Empire-associated North Solomons. Its land area is 9,300 km2 (3,600 sq mi). The population of the whole province, including nearby islets such as the Carterets, is approximately 300,000. The highest point is Mount Balbi, on the main island, at 2,715 m (8,907 ft). The much-smaller Buka Island, c. 500 km2 (190 sq mi), lies to the north, across the 400–500 m (1,300–1,600 ft) wide Buka Strait. Even though the strait is narrow, there is no bridge across it. But there is a regular ferry service between the key settlements on either side. The main airport in the north is in the town of Buka.

History of Bougainville

Bougainville, an autonomous region of Papua New Guinea (PNG), has been inhabited by humans for at least 29,000 years, according to artefacts found in Kilu Cave on Buka Island. The region is named after Bougainville Island, the largest island of the Solomon Islands archipelago, but also contains a number of smaller islands.

Bougainville Copper Limited (BCL) is a mining company of Papua New Guinea (PNG) that is listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX). BCL operated the copper, gold and silver mine at the Panguna mine on Bougainville Island in PNG from 1971 to 1989. Mining operations were officially halted on 15 May 1989, due to militant activity and the mine has remained closed since.

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Panguna

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Panguna mine

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The Buka Island solomys, also known as the Buka naked-tailed rat or Buka Island naked-tailed rat, is an extinct species of rodent known only from subfossil remains. This species occurred on Buka Island, the second largest island in the Papua New Guinean province of Bougainville.

The Atara River is a river on southeastern Bougainville Island.

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The Bougainville conflict, also known as the Bougainville Civil War, was a multi-layered armed conflict fought from 1988 to 1998 in the North Solomons Province of Papua New Guinea (PNG) between PNG and the secessionist forces of the Bougainville Revolutionary Army (BRA), and between the BRA and other armed groups on Bougainville. The conflict was described by Bougainvillean President John Momis as the largest conflict in Oceania since the end of World War II in 1945, with an estimated 15,000–20,000 Bougainvilleans dead, although lower estimates place the toll at around 1,000–2,000.

References

  1. Info, Tailings. "Offshore Disposal - River, Lake and Sea discharge". tailings.info. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  2. Hinrichsen, Don. Coastal Waters of the World: Trends, Threats, and Strategies. Island Press. p. 137.
  3. Ware, George. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Volume 183. Springer. p. 41.
  4. Solomon, Sinclare. "Bougainville mine to revisit tailings options". Papua New Guinea Mine Watch. Retrieved 21 August 2012.