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John C. Gaeta (born 1965) is a designer and inventor, best known for his work on the Matrix film trilogy, where he advanced methods and formats known as Bullet Time.
John Gaeta was born in New York City and grew up in Shoreham, Long Island; he entered New York University's Tisch School of the Arts to study film, and acquired a BFA degree with honors in 1989. He was introduced to the industry as a staff production assistant for the Saturday Night Live film unit, as well as doing camera and lighting work for a variety of media types and makers. [1] Some of these early work experiences included holography with Jason Sapan, stop-motion animation with Peter Wallach, motion control with Bran Ferren, nature documentary, filming birdlife for National Geographic Explorer , timelapse and experimental photography in Namibia, Africa on Miramax's first feature, Dust Devil. [2]
After co-supervising development for 3-D paint effect stylizations and LIDAR laser scanning (Reality Capture) for the film What Dreams May Come, which won the 1998 Academy Award for Best Visual Effects, Gaeta began his first solo effects supervision project for The Wachowskis' science fiction film, The Matrix .[ citation needed ]
In 2000, Gaeta won Best Visual Effects at the 73rd Academy Awards for his work on The Matrix, alongside Janek Sirrs, Steve Courtley and Jon Thum. [3] The same year, Gaeta was brought on as the senior visual effects supervisor to complete the Matrix trilogy, including The Matrix Reloaded and The Matrix Revolutions . These films were created in parallel and featured over 2000 visual effects shots. Many were photographed and post-processed at a custom-built complex called ESC, located at the Alameda Naval Base near San Francisco. Overall conceptual design as well as research and development was initiated for the final two installments in January 2000. The centerpiece innovations and new methodologies presented through the Matrix universe were the creation of "Virtual Cinematography" and "Virtual Effects," phrases coined by Gaeta in 1999 and 2000. [4]
In 2022, Gaeta took the role of Chief Creative Officer at Inworld AI, a company that powers the memories, behavior, and dialogue of AI NPCs and characters. [5]
The Matrix is a 1999 science fiction action film written and directed by the Wachowskis. It is the first installment in the Matrix film series, starring Keanu Reeves, Laurence Fishburne, Carrie-Anne Moss, Hugo Weaving, and Joe Pantoliano, and depicts a dystopian future in which humanity is unknowingly trapped inside the Matrix, a simulated reality that intelligent machines have created to distract humans while using their bodies as an energy source. When computer programmer Thomas Anderson, under the hacker alias "Neo", uncovers the truth, he joins a rebellion against the machines along with other people who have been freed from the Matrix.
The Matrix Reloaded is a 2003 American science-fiction action film written and directed by the Wachowskis. It is the sequel to The Matrix (1999) and the second installment in the Matrix film series. The film stars Keanu Reeves, Laurence Fishburne, Carrie-Anne Moss, Hugo Weaving, and Gloria Foster who reprise their roles from the previous film, while Jada Pinkett Smith was introduced in the cast.
Bullet time is a visual effect or visual impression of detaching the time and space of a camera from that of its visible subject. It is a depth enhanced simulation of variable-speed action and performance found in films, broadcast advertisements, and realtime graphics within video games and other special media. It is characterized by its extreme transformation of both time, and of space. This is almost impossible with conventional slow motion, as the physical camera would have to move implausibly fast; the concept implies that only a "virtual camera", often illustrated within the confines of a computer-generated environment such as a virtual world or virtual reality, would be capable of "filming" bullet-time types of moments. Technical and historical variations of this effect have been referred to as time slicing, view morphing, temps mort and virtual cinematography.
John Knoll is an American visual effects supervisor and chief creative officer (CCO) at Industrial Light & Magic (ILM). One of the original creators of Adobe Photoshop, he has also worked as visual effects supervisor on the Star Wars prequels and the 1997 special editions of the original trilogy. He also served as ILM's visual effects supervisor for Star Trek Generations and Star Trek: First Contact, as well as the Pirates of the Caribbean series. Along with Hal Hickel, Charles Gibson and Allen Hall, Knoll and the trio's work on Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest earned them the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects.
John Charles Dykstra, A.S.C. is an American special effects artist, pioneer in the development of the use of computers in filmmaking and recipient of three Academy Awards, among many other awards and prizes. He was one of the original employees of Industrial Light & Magic, the special effects and computer graphics division of Lucasfilm. He is well known as the special effects lead on the original Star Wars, helping bring the original visuals for lightsabers, space battles between X-wings and TIE fighters, and Force powers to the screen. He also led special effects on many other movies, including Batman Forever, Batman & Robin, Stuart Little, X-Men: First Class, Spider-Man and Spider-Man 2.
Manex Visual Effects (MVFX) was a motion picture special visual effects company located in Alameda, California. Though a small company active only for a short period of time, it provided visual effects for a number of high-profile movies and the company received international recognition including two Best Visual Effects Oscars and one Academy Award for Technical Achievement. As the company that created bullet time for The Matrix their work has been highly influential and still is referenced in many media outlets as recently as November 2022.
Virtual cinematography is the set of cinematographic techniques performed in a computer graphics environment. It includes a wide variety of subjects like photographing real objects, often with stereo or multi-camera setup, for the purpose of recreating them as three-dimensional objects and algorithms for the automated creation of real and simulated camera angles. Virtual cinematography can be used to shoot scenes from otherwise impossible camera angles, create the photography of animated films, and manipulate the appearance of computer-generated effects.
BUF Compagnie is a French visual effects company, specializing in CGI for feature films, commercials, and music videos.
Garry Waller is an American director of photography and visual effects supervisor who has worked in Hollywood for nearly thirty years. He has been nominated for both an Academy Award and an Emmy Award and has worked with, among others, Tim Burton, Michael Mann, Mark Romanek, and Steven Spielberg. Garry also collaborated with director David Fincher on the visionary 'Constant Change' HP commercial and shot the 'Love is Strong' music video for the Rolling Stones, for which he received the MTV Video Music Award for Cinematography. Among his countless commercials credits are the iconic iPod silhouette spot for Apple Inc. and a recent Volkswagen campaign filmed on location in Shanghai, China.
George Murphy is an American special effects artist. He is most known for his work in Forrest Gump for which he won an Oscar in the category of Best Visual Effects during the 67th Academy Awards. He shared his win with Allen Hall, Ken Ralston, and Stephen Rosenbaum. He also won the BAFTA award for Best Visual Effects at the 48th British Academy Film Awards for Forrest Gump.
Steve Courtley is an Australian special effects artist who is most known for his work in The Matrix films.
Janek Sirrs is a visual effects artist who is known for his work in films such as The Matrix, Batman Begins, The Avengers and The Hunger Games: Catching Fire.
Jon Thum is a visual effects artist. He contributed work on The Matrix and The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian. As a supervisor at Prime Focus World in 2012, he led a 70-person team of artists to produce 650 visual effects shots for Dredd 3D.
Ben Snow is a special effects artist who has been nominated four times at the Academy Awards. He works at Industrial Light & Magic.
John Bruno is an American visual effects artist and filmmaker known for his prolific collaborations with director James Cameron on films like Terminator 2: Judgment Day, True Lies, Titanic, Avatar, and The Abyss, for which he won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects.
Jim Berney is a visual effects supervisor who has worked on films such as The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers and I Am Legend.
Richard R. Hoover is a visual effects artist noted for his work on Armageddon, Superman Returns and Blade Runner 2049.
Ged Wright is a visual effects artist and director. He was nominated at the 83rd Academy Awards for his work on the film Iron Man 2. This was in the category of Best Visual Effects. For which his nomination was shared with Janek Sirrs, Ben Snow and Dan Sudick. It lost to Inception. He has also directed an episode of the Paramount+ miniseries Knuckles.
Guillaume Rocheron is a French visual effects supervisor who was born in 1981 in Paris. He began his career in 2000 at the Paris-based BUF Compagnie and after five years there, he got invited to work for the Moving Picture Company. He won the Academy Award during the 85th Academy Awards for the film Life of Pi in the category of Best Visual Effects. He shared his win with Donald R. Elliott, Erik-Jan de Boer, and Bill Westenhofer. In 2020, he received his second Academy Award nomination for Best Visual Effects, and second win, for the 2019 film, 1917, at the 92nd Academy Awards.
Sharon Calahan is an American cinematographer who was director of photography on the Pixar films A Bug's Life (1998), Toy Story 2 (1999), and Finding Nemo (2003), and was lighting director for Ratatouille (2007), Cars 2 (2011), and The Good Dinosaur (2015). She took part in the early rise of computer animated feature film making and the acceptance of that medium as cinematography. Calahan is the first member of the American Society of Cinematographers who was invited to join on the basis of a career entirely in animated film. She was nominated, with Bill Reeves, Eben Ostby, and Rick Sayre, for a 2000 BAFTA Award for Best Achievement in Special Visual Effects for A Bug's Life.
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