Release date | 2001-2003 2001 |
---|---|
Architecture | Kelvin |
Fabrication process | 150 nm |
API support | |
DirectX | 8.0 |
OpenGL | 1.2 (1.5) |
History | |
Predecessor | Celsius |
Successor | Rankine |
Support status | |
Unsupported |
Kelvin is the codename for a GPU microarchitecture developed by Nvidia, and released in 2001, as the successor to Celsius [1] microarchitecture. It was named with reference to William Thomson (Baron Kelvin) and used with the GeForce 4 and 3 series.
Model | Launch | Code name | Fab (nm) | Bus interface | Core clock (MHz) | Memory clock (MHz) | Core config1 | Fillrate | Memory | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MOperations/s | MPixels/s | MTexels/s | MVertices/s | Size (MB) | Bandwidth (GB/s) | Bus type | Bus width (bit) | ||||||||
GeForce3 Ti200 | October 1, 2001 | NV20 | TSMC 150 nm | AGP 4× PCI | 175 | 200 | 4:1:8:4 | 700 | 700 | 1400 | 42.75 | 64 128 | 6.4 | DDR | 128 |
GeForce3 | February 27, 2001 | 200 | 230 | 800 | 800 | 1600 | 50 | 64 | 7.36 | ||||||
GeForce3 Ti500 | October 1, 2001 | 240 | 250 | 960 | 960 | 1920 | 60 | 64 128 | 8 |
Model | Launch | Code name | Fab (nm) | Bus interface | Core clock (MHz) | Memory clock (MHz) | Core config1 | Fillrate | Memory | Supported API version | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MOperations/s | MPixels/s | MTexels/s | MVertices/s | Size (MB) | Bandwidth (GB/s) | Bus type | Bus width (bit) | Direct3D | OpenGL | ||||||||
GeForce4 MX IGP + nForce2 | October 1, 2002 | NV1F | TSMC 150 nm | FSB | 250 | 133 200[ citation needed ] | 2:0:4:2 | 500 | 500 | 1000 | 0 | Up to 128 system RAM | 2.128 6.4[ citation needed ] | DDR | 64 128 | 7.0 | 1.2 |
GeForce4 MX420 | February 6, 2002 | NV17 | AGP 4× PCI | 166 | 64 | 2.656 | SDR DDR | 128 (SDR) 64 (DDR) | |||||||||
GeForce4 MX440 SE | 2002 | 64 128 | 5.312 | DDR | 128 | ||||||||||||
GeForce MX4000 | December 14, 2003 | NV18B | AGP 8× PCI | 2.656 | 64 | ||||||||||||
GeForce PCX4300 | February 19, 2004 | PCIe ×16 | 128 | ||||||||||||||
GeForce4 MX440 | February 6, 2002 | NV17 | AGP 4× PCI | 275 | 200 | 550 | 550 | 1100 | 64 128 | 6.4 | 128 | ||||||
GeForce4 MX440 8x | September 25, 2002 | NV18 | AGP 8× PCI | 250 | 8 | ||||||||||||
GeForce4 MX460 | February 6, 2002 | NV17 | AGP 4× PCI | 300 | 275 | 600 | 600 | 1200 | |||||||||
GeForce4 Ti4200 | April 16, 2002 | NV25 | AGP 4× | 250 | 222 (128 MB) 250 (64 MB) | 4:2:8:4 | 1000 | 1000 | 2000 | 125 | 7.104 (128 MB) 8 (64 MB) | 8.0a | 1.3 | ||||
GeForce4 Ti4200 8x | September 25, 2002 | NV28 | AGP 8× | 250 | 128 | 8 | |||||||||||
GeForce4 Ti4400 | February 6, 2002 | NV25 | AGP 4× | 275 | 275 | 1100 | 1100 | 2200 | 137.5 | 8.8 | |||||||
GeForce4 Ti4400 8x (Ti4800SE2) | January 20, 2003 | NV28 | AGP 8× | ||||||||||||||
GeForce4 Ti4600 | February 6, 2002 | NV25 | AGP 4× | 300 | 325 | 1200 | 1200 | 2400 | 150 | 10.4 | |||||||
GeForce4 Ti4600 8x (Ti48003) | January 20, 2003 | NV28 | AGP 8× | ||||||||||||||
Model | Launch | Code name | Fab (nm) | Bus interface | Core clock (MHz) | Memory clock (MHz) | Core config1 | Fillrate | Memory | Supported API version | |||||||
MOperations/s | MPixels/s | MTexels/s | MVertices/s | Size (MB) | Bandwidth (GB/s) | Bus type | Bus width (bit) | Direct3D | OpenGL |
Model | Features | |
---|---|---|
nFiniteFX II Engine | Video Processing Engine (VPE) | |
GeForce4 MX420 | No | Yes |
GeForce4 MX440 SE | No | Yes |
GeForce4 MX4000 | No | Yes |
GeForce4 PCX4300 | No | Yes |
GeForce4 MX440 | No | Yes |
GeForce4 MX440 8X | No | Yes |
GeForce4 MX460 | No | Yes |
GeForce4 Ti4200 | Yes | No |
GeForce4 Ti4200 8x | Yes | No |
GeForce4 Ti4400 | Yes | No |
GeForce4 Ti4400 8x | Yes | No |
GeForce4 Ti4600 | Yes | No |
GeForce4 Ti4600 8x | Yes | No |
GeForce is a brand of graphics processing units (GPUs) designed by Nvidia and marketed for the performance market. As of the GeForce 40 series, there have been eighteen iterations of the design. The first GeForce products were discrete GPUs designed for add-on graphics boards, intended for the high-margin PC gaming market, and later diversification of the product line covered all tiers of the PC graphics market, ranging from cost-sensitive GPUs integrated on motherboards, to mainstream add-in retail boards. Most recently, GeForce technology has been introduced into Nvidia's line of embedded application processors, designed for electronic handhelds and mobile handsets.
Quadro was Nvidia's brand for graphics cards intended for use in workstations running professional computer-aided design (CAD), computer-generated imagery (CGI), digital content creation (DCC) applications, scientific calculations and machine learning from 2000 to 2020.
The transistor count is the number of transistors in an electronic device. It is the most common measure of integrated circuit complexity. The rate at which MOS transistor counts have increased generally follows Moore's law, which observes that transistor count doubles approximately every two years. However, being directly proportional to the area of a chip, transistor count does not represent how advanced the corresponding manufacturing technology is: a better indication of this is transistor density.
Tesla is the codename for a GPU microarchitecture developed by Nvidia, and released in 2006, as the successor to Curie microarchitecture. It was named after the pioneering electrical engineer Nikola Tesla. As Nvidia's first microarchitecture to implement unified shaders, it was used with GeForce 8 series, GeForce 9 series, GeForce 100 series, GeForce 200 series, and GeForce 300 series of GPUs, collectively manufactured in 90 nm, 80 nm, 65 nm, 55 nm, and 40 nm. It was also in the GeForce 405 and in the Quadro FX, Quadro x000, Quadro NVS series, and Nvidia Tesla computing modules.
The GeForce 200 series is a series of Tesla-based GeForce graphics processing units developed by Nvidia.
The GeForce 700 series is a series of graphics processing units developed by Nvidia. While mainly a refresh of the Kepler microarchitecture, some cards use Fermi (GF) and later cards use Maxwell (GM). GeForce 700 series cards were first released in 2013, starting with the release of the GeForce GTX Titan on February 19, 2013, followed by the GeForce GTX 780 on May 23, 2013. The first mobile GeForce 700 series chips were released in April 2013.
The GeForce 800M series is a family of graphics processing units by Nvidia for laptop PCs. It consists of rebrands of mobile versions of the GeForce 700 series and some newer chips that are lower end compared to the rebrands.
The GeForce 10 series is a series of graphics processing units developed by Nvidia, initially based on the Pascal microarchitecture announced in March 2014. This design series succeeded the GeForce 900 series, and is succeeded by the GeForce 16 series and GeForce 20 series using the Turing microarchitecture.
TeraScale is the codename for a family of graphics processing unit microarchitectures developed by ATI Technologies/AMD and their second microarchitecture implementing the unified shader model following Xenos. TeraScale replaced the old fixed-pipeline microarchitectures and competed directly with Nvidia's first unified shader microarchitecture named Tesla.
The GeForce 20 series is a family of graphics processing units developed by Nvidia. Serving as the successor to the GeForce 10 series, the line started shipping on September 20, 2018, and after several editions, on July 2, 2019, the GeForce RTX Super line of cards was announced.
The GeForce 16 series is a series of graphics processing units developed by Nvidia, based on the Turing microarchitecture, announced in February 2019. The 16 series, commercialized within the same timeframe as the 20 series, aims to cover the entry-level to mid-range market, not addressed by the latter. As a result, the media have mainly compared it to AMD's Radeon RX 500 series of GPUs.
The GeForce 30 series is a suite of graphics processing units (GPUs) designed and marketed by Nvidia, succeeding the GeForce 20 series. The GeForce 30 series is based on the Ampere architecture, which features Nvidia's second-generation ray tracing (RT) cores and third-generation Tensor Cores. Through Nvidia RTX, hardware-enabled ray tracing is possible on GeForce 30 series cards.
The Radeon RX 6000 series is a series of graphics processing units developed by AMD, based on their RDNA 2 architecture. It was announced on October 28, 2020 and is the successor to the Radeon RX 5000 series. It consists of the entry-level RX 6400, mid-range RX 6500 XT, high-end RX 6600, RX 6600 XT, RX 6650 XT, RX 6700, RX 6700 XT, upper high-end RX 6750 XT, RX 6800, RX 6800 XT, and enthusiast RX 6900 XT and RX 6950 XT for desktop computers; and the RX 6600M, RX 6700M, and RX 6800M for laptops. A sub-series for mobile, Radeon RX 6000S, was announced in CES 2022, targeting thin and light laptop designs.
Curie is the codename for a GPU microarchitecture developed by Nvidia, and released in 2004, as the successor to Rankine microarchitecture. It was named with reference to the Polish physicist Marie Salomea Skłodowska–Curie and used with the GeForce 6 and 7 series. Curie was followed by Tesla.
Rankine is the codename for a GPU microarchitecture developed by Nvidia, and released in 2003, as the successor to Kelvin microarchitecture. It was named with reference to Macquorn Rankine and used with the GeForce FX series.
Celsius is the codename for a GPU microarchitecture developed by Nvidia, and released in 1999, as the successor to Fahrenheit microarchitecture. It was named with reference to Celsius and used with the GeForce 256 and GeForce 2 series.
Fahrenheit is the codename for a GPU microarchitecture developed by Nvidia, and released in 1998, as the successor to STG-2000, Riva 128 microarchitecture. It was named with reference to Fahrenheit and used with STG-2000, Riva 128.
Ada Lovelace, also referred to simply as Lovelace, is a graphics processing unit (GPU) microarchitecture developed by Nvidia as the successor to the Ampere architecture, officially announced on September 20, 2022. It is named after the English mathematician Ada Lovelace, one of the first computer programmers. Nvidia announced the architecture along with the GeForce RTX 40 series consumer GPUs and the RTX 6000 Ada Generation workstation graphics card. The Lovelace architecture is fabricated on TSMC's custom 4N process which offers increased efficiency over the previous Samsung 8 nm and TSMC N7 processes used by Nvidia for its previous-generation Ampere architecture.
The Radeon RX 7000 series is a series of graphics processing units developed by AMD, based on their RDNA 3 architecture. It was announced on November 3, 2022 and is the successor to the Radeon RX 6000 series. Currently AMD has announced six graphics cards of the 7000 series: RX 7600, RX 7600 XT, RX 7700 XT, RX 7800 XT, RX 7900 XT and RX 7900 XTX. AMD officially launched the RX 7900 XT and RX 7900 XTX on December 13, 2022. AMD released the RX 7600 on May 25, 2023. AMD released their last two graphics processing units of the RDNA 3 family on September 6, 2023; the 7700 XT and the 7800 XT. As of January 2024, they have also released the RX 7600 XT.