Kenya Army

Last updated
Kenyan Army
Jeshi la Nchi Kavu
Seal of the Kenya Army.png
Coat of arms of the Kenya Army
Founded1964
CountryFlag of Kenya.svg  Kenya
Part of Kenya Defence Forces
HeadquartersWaterworks Camp, Hurlingham, Nairobi, Kenya [1]
Motto(s)"Ngao Ya Taifa"
Engagements
Website mod.go.ke/kenya-army/
Commanders
Commander-in-Chief President Dr William Ruto
Commander, Kenya Army Lieutenant General David Kimaiyo Tarus
Insignia
Flag Flag of the Kenyan Army.svg

The Kenya Army is the land arm of the Kenya Defence Forces.

Contents

History

The origins of the present day Kenya Army can be traced back to the British Army's King's African Rifles. [2] In the last quarter of the 19th Century, the British began actively enforcing the abolition of the slave trade in East Africa. Concurrently, other European nations were establishing spheres of influence in Africa. To safeguard British interests, the Imperial British East Africa Company was established. As these interests developed and expanded, a more formidable force became necessary, (to safeguard these interests and expansion), leading to the creation of the first British land forces in Kenya.

In June 1873 the Sultan of Zanzibar, Barghash bin Said of Zanzibar, signed the final treaty to abolish slave trade throughout his territories. [3] Enforcing the abolition became the task of the Royal Navy; within three weeks Admiral Arthur Cumming, Commander-in-Chief, East Indies, arrived at Zanzibar. [3] In 1877 a Royal Navy officer, Lieutenant Lloyd Matthews, serving on HMS London formed a small force of 300 Zanzibaris to combat the slave trade. In 1878 Lieutenant Matthews was given leave to serve under the Sultan who appointed him Brigadier General in command of the newly established force. By 1880 the force had grown to 1300 men who were all armed with Snider rifles donated to the Sultan by the British Government.

On 8 September 1888 the Imperial British East Africa Company was granted a royal charter and was charged with the responsibility of administering British East Africa on the lines of a Crown colony. In 1893 the three-year contract with the Indian contingent came to an end. During the same period the company was experiencing serious financial problems that had led to the abandonment of Uganda and Jubaland in fact, the company could barely police the coast. The then British Consul in Zanzibar, Sir Arthur Hardinge, notified the Foreign Office of his intention of taking over East Africa from the company. The British government accepted. On 1 July 1895 a British protectorate was declared over all the areas previously administered by the company. The company troops were subsequently reorganized under Captain Hatch.

In August 1895 the British government sanctioned the establishment of a force composed of 300 Punjabi, 300 Swahili, 100 Sudanese, and 200 soldiers from various ethnic groups in the region. This force was renamed the East African Rifles and was formed from the former Imperial British East Africa Company force in Mombasa (Fort Jesus).

Before the Second World War, British colonial forces in Kenya, the now-King's African Rifles, in the main, were small: [4]

There was no conscription and the army was extremely selective, recruiting soldiers from ethnic groups with supposedly inherent military qualities, the so-called "martial races." In the 1920s and 1930s, martial races included the Kamba, Kalenjin, and Somali, pastoral semi-pastoral groups from impoverished regions. In contrast, Kikuyu and Meru of central Kenya were hardly found in the army. The Second World War brought a massive expansion of military personnel. From an interwar strength of less than 1,000 men, the armed forces increased to 75,000 by 1943. Thus, every tenth adult man was serving in the military, representing about 20 percent of the wage labor force. The huge demand for able-bodied and skilled men was met by extending the recruitment pool to communities the British did not consider martial. Additionally, the military offered wages above civilian levels. In 1941 the pay ranged between 17 and 60 shillings per month for a newly trained private in the East African Military Labour Service and East African Army Service Corps respectively, whereas civil wages for unskilled labor averaged between 8 and 12 shillings.22 The military offered additional pulls such as uniforms, housing, food, professional training, and promotion.

Troops of 11th (East Africa) Division on the road to Kalewa, Burma, during the Chindwin River crossing African Troops in Burma during the Second World War SE1884.jpg
Troops of 11th (East Africa) Division on the road to Kalewa, Burma, during the Chindwin River crossing

As part of the King's African Rifles, indigenous soldiers from Kenya Colony fought in several campaigns during World War II. They fought against the Italians in Italian East Africa during the East African Campaign, against the Vichy French in Madagascar during the Battle of Madagascar, and against the Japanese in Burma during the Burma Campaign. Initially, the KAR was deployed as the 1st East African Infantry Brigade and the 2nd East African Infantry Brigade. The first brigade was responsible for coastal defence and the second for the defence of the interior. By the end of July 1940, two additional East African brigades were formed, the 3rd East African Infantry Brigade and the 6th East African Infantry Brigade. Initially a Coastal Division and a Northern Frontier District Division were planned, but, instead, the 11th African Division and the 12th African Division was formed.

The two divisions included East African, Ghanaian, Nigerian, and South African troops. A Nigerian brigade, together with two East African brigades (the King's African Rifles brigades) and some South Africans, formed the 11th African Division. The 12th African Division was similarly formed, but with the Ghanaian brigade instead of the Nigerian brigade. The 11th African Division was disbanded in November 1941 and the 12th African Division was disbanded in April 1943. In 1943, the 11th (East Africa) Division was formed and it fought in Burma. In addition, two independent infantry brigades were sent from East Africa to India for service in Burma. The 22 (East Africa) Infantry Brigade served in the Arakan under command of XV Indian Corps, while the 28th (East Africa) Infantry Brigade served under IV Corps, playing a crucial role in the crossing of the Irrawaddy River.

Mau Mau Uprising and independence

The KAR fought against the Mau Mau rebels under the command of British officers in the 1950s and on the side of loyalist Kenyans and those who advocated a peaceful transition to independence, such as Jomo Kenyatta. KAR battalions listed included 3 KAR (Kenya), 4 KAR (Uganda), 5 KAR (Kenya), 6 KAR (Tanganiyka), 7 & 23 KARs (Kenya), 26 KAR (Tanganyika). [5]

As stipulated in the Kenya Military Forces (Naming of Units) Order 1964, 3 Battalion KAR, 5 Battalion KAR, 11 Battalion KAR, three attached training companies, Headquarters 70th (East African) Infantry Brigade, 1 Signal Squadron, 91 General Transport Company, workshops, and a variety of other Combat service support units were handed over to the new Kenya Army during the process of independence for Kenya in December 1963 and January 1964. [6]

Kenyan authorities quickly began considering a parachute capability. "On October 14, 1964, the first batch of 40.. were sent to Britain for Parachute Basic Training course" at RAF Abingdon. [7] Similar numbers ..followed until about 200 Kenyan troops qualified to form the 1st Independent Parachute Company on April 24, 1965."

In 1977 (probably during the Ogaden War) a Somali force crossed the border into northern Kenya. The same year Kenya placed an order with Vickers Defence Systems in the UK for 38 Vickers Main Battle Tank Mark 3 main battle tanks plus three armoured recovery vehicles (ARVs) which were all delivered by 1980, forming Kenya's initial tank battalion. [8] Another order was placed in December 1980 for a further 38 Mark 3s, plus four ARVs, which were all completed at the works, if not delivered, by December 1982.

After Kenya invaded Somalia in Operation Linda Nchi in 2011, 6 Brigade became "fully fledged" in 2012. 6 Brigade was installed on the outskirts of Garissa town after Modika Barracks there was "launched" by President Uhuru Kenyatta on Friday 13 December 2019. Also moved there from Embakasi in Nairobi was 17 Kenya Rifles ("One Seven"). The other battalions of the brigade were 19 KR at Nyali Barracks just north of Mombasa and 21 KR at Mariakani Barracks. [9]

By 2021, the International Institute for Strategic Studies listed 31 Type-92 wheeled armoured personnel carriers and 105 South African PUMA M26-15 Protected patrol vehicles in service. [10]

On 1 May 2021, The Nation wrote that about 1,600 Army troops drawn from 20th Para, 30 Special Forces, and the Long Range Surveillance unit of the Directorate of Military Intelligence, would be dispatched to serve with MONUSCO [in the Democratic Republic of the Congo], with second rotation replacements coming from "the American-trained 40 Rangers Strike Force (40RSF), the Special Boat unit of the Kenya Navy and the Clearance Diving Unit," while the "newly formed Marine Commandos" also expected to be sent at some point. Congolese President Tshisekedi said "Kenya will voluntarily be part of the Rapid Intervention Brigade." The Kenyan contingent was "expected to replace South African troops.. and will be working alongside soldiers from Nepal." "A majority of the Kenyan soldiers will be part of MONUSCO." [11]

Peacekeeping missions

Kenya Army involvement in international peacekeeping, Peace Support Operations was first considered in 1973. That year the United Nations requested Kenya to contribute forces to UNEF II which was to separate Israel and the Arab states after the October War. Though Kenya acceded to the UN request, the troops were not deployed.

Kenya's first actual participation in Peace Support Operations was in 1979, when the Commonwealth requested the Republic of Kenya to contribute troops for the Commonwealth Monitoring Force in Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe). The Monitoring Force supervised the arrival and cantonment of the rebel Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army and Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA) forces, and included 51 Kenya Army personnel under Colonel Jack Munyao who ran one of the 14 Assembly Points. [12]

Subsequently, the Kenya Army contributed officers towards operations in Chad in 1982 on the request of the Organization of African Unity. In 1989 the Army sent military observers and an infantry battalion to the United Nations Transitional Assistance Group (UNTAG) in Namibia. Kenya has ranked number 6 out of the 90 countries who contribute military and civilian police to the UN operations.

Since 1989, Kenya has contributed military observers, staff officers, civilian police monitors, and infantry troops to various missions. [2] [13] Force commanders, chief military observers, and chiefs of staff have also been sent to the following UN and African Union missions:

A varierty of senior personnel have also served with the related warfighting mission AMISOM in Somalia.

To date, Kenyan United Nations peacekeepers have served in 16 different countries in Africa, the Middle East, the Balkans, and Asia. The period of deployment of the personnel has varied from mission to mission, in accordance with the complexities of each conflict situation. Missions have ranged from one to eight years. After the invasion of Somalia in Operation Linda Nchi in 2011, Kenya Army troops have been involved in heavy fighting against Al-Shabaab since. Incorporated into the AU-led AMISOM in 2012, Kenyan troops have been in Somalia since - a ongoing total of 13 years.

Commanders of the Kenya Army

On 9th of March, 2024 Lieutenant General David Kimaiyo Chemwaina Tarus MGH, MBS, OGW was sworn in as the new Kenya army commander [15] [16] and is currently the Kenya army commander. He had previous served as the deputy service commander of the Kenya Army under then Kenya army commander, LIEUTENANT GENERAL Peter Mbogo Njiru MGH CBS ‘rcds’ (UK) ‘psc’ (K) who was famed for being a former aide de camp to former president Uhuru Muigai Kenyatta.

Structure

The Kenya Army is made up of various formations and services. These formations and services are divided between two operational commands, the Western Command (WestCom) headquartered in Lanet and Eastern Command (EastCom) based at Embakasi Garrison. [17] The Eastern Command was established in 1997 and its role is to defend the Eastern region of Kenya against external and internal threats. These areas include the capital itself and the former Central, Eastern, North Eastern and Coast provinces. Western Command is tasked with defending the Western region of the country and includes the former Rift Valley, Western and Nyanza provinces. In recent times there have been plans to set up a Nairobi Metropolitan Command for the capital and the surrounding metropolitan area of Machakos County, Kiambu County and Kajiado County. [18] This realignment would have Eastern Command relocated to Garissa but it remains unclear whether Nairobi Metropolitan Command was established.

By 2020 Border Protection Command was active at Wajir under General Officer Commanding, Major General William Shume. [19] In July 2021 Shume became Deputy Commander Kenya Army and Brigadier Stephen Otieno was promoted to major-general and took over as GOC BSC. [20]

Kenyan Army Formations

Kenyan Army services

This Corps mainly deals with maintenance of motor and mechanical equipment that is used in the Kenya Army. It is based at Kahawa Garrison along Thika Road.

Training institutions include the Kenya Military Academy, and the Recruits Training School (Kenya), located 22 kilometres from Eldoret Town, Uasin Gishu County. [29]

Equipment

The acquisition of T-72s has caused significant controversy. Thirty-three vehicles ordered from Ukraine were hijacked by Somali pirates. [30] The Ukrainian Defence Minister Yury Yekhanurov confirmed 33 Soviet-made T-72 tanks and "a substantial quantity of ammunition" were aboard the captured cargo ship, called the Faina". The ship they were being carried in, MV Faina was released and the tanks unloaded in the port city of Mombasa in February 2009. There have been doubts expressed as to whether the T-72s imported by Kenya are intended for use by the Kenyan Army. Instead, popular opinion is that they were being clandestinely imported for the (South) Sudan People's Liberation Army, which has an arms embargo against it. [31]

The KDF attempted to dispel speculation by publicly showing these tanks (and other hardware) as part of its arsenal on 22 August 2010, during rehearsals for the passing of the new Constitution of Kenya. [32] Nevertheless, a cloud of doubt hung over the intent of the tank acquisition. The United States diplomatic cables leak indicated that an ongoing process of armaments purchases on behalf of the Southern Sudanese government by the Kenyan government was "a badly kept secret." [33] The leaks go on to speculate that these clandestine operations were motivated by the Kenya political leadership's desire to support Southern Sudan, but not in a way that would openly provoke Khartoum or potentially threaten South Sudan's eventual independence.

The KDF is interested in the US Army-approved version of the Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System (MILES) combat simulation system.

Small arms

NameImageCaliberTypeOriginNotes
Pistols
Browning Hi-Power [34] FN Hi Power.jpg 9×19mm Semi-automatic pistol Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium
Beretta 92 [34] Beretta 92 FS.gif 9×19mm Semi-automatic pistol Flag of Italy.svg  Italy
Glock 17 [34] Glock 17-removebg-preview.png 9×19mm Semi-automatic pistol Flag of Austria.svg  Austria
Glock 19 [34] Glock 19 Generation 4-removebg.png 9×19mm Semi-automatic pistol Flag of Austria.svg  Austria
CZ-75 [34] 1977 CZ-75.png 9×19mm Semi-automatic pistol Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia
Submachine guns
Sterling [34] Sterling SMG.JPG 9×19mm Submachine gun Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom
Uzi [34] Uzi of the israeli armed forces noBG.png 9×19mm Submachine gun Flag of Israel.svg  Israel
Heckler & Koch MP5 [35] HK MP5 noBG.png 9×19mm Submachine gun Flag of Germany.svg  West Germany
CZ Scorpion Evo 3 [36] 9×19mm Submachine gun Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic
Rifles
AKM [37] AKM automatkarbin Ryssland - 7,62x39mm - Armemuseum rightside noBG.png 7.62×39mm Assault rifle Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union
Zastava M70 [34] Zastava M70 AB2 noBG.png 7.62×39mm Assault rifle Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg  Yugoslavia
Vz. 58 [34] Sa 58-JH01 noBG.png 7.62×39mm Assault rifle Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia
Type 56 [34] Type 56 mod02 noBG.png 7.62×39mm Assault rifle Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
M16 [38] M16A2 rightside noBG.jpg 5.56×45 mm Assault rifle Flag of the United States.svg  United States
M4 [39] PEO M4 Carbine RAS M68 CCO.png 5.56×45mm Carbine
Assault rifle
Flag of the United States.svg  United States
IWI Tavor [39] IWI-Tavor-TAR-21w1 new noBG.png 5.56×45mm Bullpup
Assault rifle
Flag of Israel.svg  Israel
FN SCAR| [39] MK16 Scar L Sideview.png 7.62×51mm NATO Battle rifle Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium 1000
FN FAL [34] FN-FAL belgian noBG.png 7.62×51mm Battle rifle Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium
Heckler & Koch G3 [34] H&K G3FS.jpg 7.62×51mm Battle rifle Flag of Germany.svg  West Germany
Lee-Enfield SMLE-No4-Mk1.png .303 British Bolt-action rifle Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  British Empire
Sniper rifles
IWI Galatz [39] Galil-Sniper-Galatz-r001.jpg 5.56×45mm Designated marksman rifle Flag of Israel.svg  Israel
Machine guns
Bren [40] Bren1.jpg 7.62×51mm Light machine gun Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom
IWI Negev [41] IWI-Negev-Zachi-Evenor-01-white.jpg 5.56×45mm Light machine gun Flag of Israel.svg  Israel
Browning M1919 [34] Browning M1919a.png 7.62×51mm Medium machine gun Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States
PKM [34] 7,62 KK PKM Helsinki 2012 no background.JPG 7.62×54mmR General-purpose machine gun Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union
Heckler & Koch HK21 [34] HK 21 lado derecho.jpg 7.62×51mm General-purpose machine gun Flag of Germany.svg  West Germany
FN MAG [34] IDF-FN-MAG.png 7.62×51mm General-purpose machine gun Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium
AA-52 [34] Mitrailleuse-IMG 1728.jpg 7.62×51mm General-purpose machine gun Flag of France.svg  France
M60 [34] M60 Medium Machine Gun (7414626098).jpg 7.62×51mm General-purpose machine gun Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States
DShK [42] 12,7-mm stankovyi pulemiot DShK obraztsa 1938 goda.jpg 12.7×108mm Heavy machine gun Flag of the Soviet Union (1936 - 1955).svg  Soviet Union
Browning M2 [34] PEO Browning M2E2 QCB (c1).jpg .50 BMG Heavy machine gun Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States
Grenade launchers
M203 [34] PEO M203A2 Grenade Launcher.png 40×46mm SR Grenade launcher Flag of the United States.svg  United States
M79 [34] M79 Grenade Launcher (7414625716).jpg 40×46mm Grenade launcher Flag of the United States.svg  United States

Anti-tank weapons

NameImageTypeOriginCaliberNotes
Carl Gustav [43] M3E1.jpg Recoilless rifle Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 84mm
MILAN [43] Tag der Bundeswehr Jagel 2019 HJL 13 noBG.png Anti-tank missile Flag of France.svg  France
Flag of Germany.svg  West Germany
483 in service.
BGM-71 TOW [43] Hires 090509-A-4842R-001a.jpg Anti-tank missile Flag of the United States.svg  United States

Vehicles

Tanks

NameImageTypeOriginQuantityStatusNotes
Vickers Mk.3 Kenyan Vickers MK3 Tank.jpg Main battle tank Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 78 [44]
T-72AV T-72AV.jpg Main battle tank Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union 11077 T-72AV from Ukraine in 2007. 33 delivered in Feb 2009 may bring total to 110.

Reconnaissance

NameImageTypeOriginQuantityStatusNotes
Panhard AML-60/90 AML-90 DM-SC-91-12078.JPEG Armored car Flag of France.svg  France 72 [43]
Alvis Saladin Alvis Saladin spotted at O'Sheas Pub & Grill (310 Grapevine Hwy Hurst, TX 76054) spotted on April 7, 2013.JPG Armored car Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 10 [45]
Shorland S52 Shorland armoured car mk1.jpg Armored Car Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 8 [43]

Scout cars

NameImageTypeOriginQuantityStatusNotes
BOV M11 BOV M11 01.jpg Scout car Flag of Serbia.svg  Serbia 20 [45]
Daimler Ferret Daimler Ferret Mk1 Liaison (1959) owned by Clive Garton pic1.JPG Armored car Scout car Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 12 [43]
BRDM-3 Interpolitex2016part2-51.jpg Armored car Scout car Flag of Russia.svg  Russia 8 [46]

Armored personnel carriers

NameImageTypeOriginQuantityStatusNotes
UR-416 UR-416 Policia Nacional.JPG Armoured personnel carrier Flag of Germany.svg  West Germany 52 [43]
Panhard M3 PanhardM3.png Armoured personnel carrier Flag of France.svg  France 10 [45]
ACMAT Bastion MINUSMA Goundam 2015.jpg Armoured personnel carrier Flag of France.svg  France 12 [43]
WZ-551 Sri Lanka Military 0233.jpg Armored personnel carrier Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 35 [45]

Mine-Resistant Ambush Protected

NameImageTypeOriginQuantityStatusNotes
PUMA M26-15 OTT Puma M26-15 MRAP (9686047211).jpg MRAP Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa 150 [39]
Katmerciler Hızır Hizir4x4 zirhli arac.jpg MRAP Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey 118 [47] [48]

Engineering vehicles

NameImageTypeOriginQuantityStatusNotes
Vickers Mk.3 ARV Chieftain ARRV (6064578679).jpg Armored recovery vehicle Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 7 [43]
Bosena-5 Odminovaci stroj Bozena - 5.jpg Mine clearing vehicleFlag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia Unknown [43]

Utility vehicles

NameImageTypeOriginQuantityStatusNotes
Humvee 2015 MCAS Beaufort Air Show 041215-M-CG676-161.jpg Light utility vehicle Flag of the United States.svg  United States 8 [49]
Land Rover Series IIA Land Rover Series IIA (1965) - 28607076444.jpg Utility vehicle Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom Unknown
Land Rover Defender Land Rover Defender 110 patrol vehicles.jpg Utility vehicle Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom Unknown
Trucks
KamAZ-6350 DayTechnologies2017p2-13.jpg Utility truck Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Unknown
FMTV MTV-of-the-New-Jersey-National-Guard.jpg Utility truck Flag of the United States.svg  United States Unknown
Mercedes-Benz Kurzhauber Islamic Republic of Iran Army Day, 2022, Ahvaz (022).jpg Utility truck Flag of Germany.svg  West Germany Unknown
Mack R series The R-11 hybrid electric refueling truck.jpg Utility truck Flag of the United States.svg  United States Unknown

Artillery

NameImageTypeOriginQuantityStatusNotes
Self-propelled artillery
Nora B-52 Self-propelled artillery Flag of Serbia.svg  Serbia 18 [45]
Mortars
MO-120-RT-61 Mortier 120mm fh000021.jpg Towed mortar Flag of France.svg  France 12 [50]
Field artillery
L118 Irish Army 105mm Light Gun Shoot RDF (15) (4110022946).jpg Field gun Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 40 [51] 40 bought from United Kingdom during 1983-84.
M119 M119a trimmed.jpg Field gun Flag of the United States.svg  United States 6 [51] 6 donated by the United States in 2019.
OTO Melara Mod 56 105mm M56 OTO Melara howitzer Simcoe Ontario 1.jpg Howitzer Flag of Italy.svg  Italy 7 [43]

Air defense

Towed anti-aircraft guns

NameImageTypeOriginQuantityStatusNotes
Bofors L/70 Bofors automatic gun L70.png Autocannon Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 13 [43]

Aircraft

ModelOriginTypeNumberPhotoNotes
Helicopters
MD 500 Defender Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Light attack / utility helicopter 39 [43] Military helicopter over Westgate shopping mall.jpg
Z-9 Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Light attack helicopter 3 [43] PLA Harbin Z-9W 2012 Hong Kong cropped.JPG
Unmanned aerial vehicles
RQ-11 Raven Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Unmanned aerial vehicle 8 [52] Raven UAV flying.jpg
ScanEagle Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Unmanned aerial vehicle 4 [53] US Navy 1005268-N-RC844-159 A Scan Eagle Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV).jpg

Ranks and Insignia

Officers

Rank groupGeneral / flag officersSenior officersJunior officers
Flag of the Kenyan Army.svg  Kenya Army [54]
17. Kenyan Army CinC.svg 16. Kenyan Army GEN.svg 15. Kenyan Army LG.svg 14. Kenyan Army MG.svg 13. Kenyan Army BG.svg 12. Kenyan Army COL.svg 11. Kenyan Army LTCOL.svg 10. Kenyan Army MAJ.svg 09. Kenyan Army CAPT.svg 08. Kenyan Army LT.svg 07. Kenyan Army 2LT.svg
Commander-in-Chief General Lieutenant general Major general Brigadier Colonel Lieutenant colonel Major Captain Lieutenant Second lieutenant

Enlisted personnel

Rank groupSenior NCOsJunior NCOsEnlisted
Flag of the Kenyan Army.svg  Kenya Army [54]
Blank.svg Kenya-Army-OR-8.png Kenya-Army-OR-7.svg Kenya-Army-OR-6.svg Kenya-Army-OR-4.svg Kenya-Army-OR-3.svg No insignia
Warrant officer class 1 Warrant officer class 2 Senior sergeant Sergeant Corporal Lance corporal Private
(or equivalent)

Notes

  1. "Protected Areas Order" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 January 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  2. 1 2 "Ministry of Defence – Kenya" . Retrieved 13 August 2017.
  3. 1 2 Early History of Zanzibar, accessed January 2021.
  4. Moradi, Alexander (September 2009). "Towards an Objective Account of Nutrition and Health in Colonial Kenya: A Study of Stature in African Army Recruits and Civilians, 1880–1980" (PDF). The Journal of Economic History. 69 (3): 724–725. doi:10.1017/S0022050709001107. JSTOR   40263941. S2CID   14882403.
  5. David A. Percox, Britain, Kenya and the cold war: imperial defence, colonial security and decolonisation, Volume 13 of International library of African studies, Tauris Academic Studies, I.B. Tauris, 2004, ISBN   1-85043-460-3, ISBN   978-1-85043-460-3, p. 90
  6. Mwangi, Wanjiku & Kimwele 2019, p. 8-9.
  7. "The Special Forces of Kenya's military". Nation. 2 July 2020. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
  8. Foss 1986, p. 177.
  9. Sgt Hesborn Gichuru, "Modika Barracks: An Oasis in the Desert," Majeshi Yetu [Kenya Defence Forces], 2019, Volume 14, p.23.
  10. IISS Military Balance 2021, p472.
  11. "Inside Kenya's plan to deploy military to the DR Congo". The Nation . 1 May 2021.
  12. Brigadier J.H. Learmont (December 1980). "Reflections from Rhodesia". RUSI Journal. 125 (4): 49.
  13. "Peacekeeping Operations". Archived from the original on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2013.
  14. Africa Research Bulletin, Vol 49, No 12, 1–31 December 2012.
  15. "Kenya Army – Ministry of Defence – Kenya". mod.go.ke. Retrieved 9 March 2024.
  16. Swearing-in of the Kenya Defence Forces Vice Chief and Service Commanders, State House, Nairobi., 8 March 2024, retrieved 9 March 2024
  17. "Kenya Army History".
  18. https://nation.africa/kenya/news/Raychelle-Omamo-Nairobi-Metropolitan-Command-Police-Security/1056-2106769-view-asAMP-tjuhc1/index.html [ dead link ]
  19. "COMMISSIONING OF THE WAJIR TRAUMA CENTER AND HEALTH FACILITY". www.facebook.com. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  20. "Uhuru names Francis Ogolla KDF vice chief in military changes". Nation. 24 July 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  21. @kdfinfo (1 January 2021). "C' Company of the 9th Battalion, Kenya Rifles (9KR) trounced all 2 Brigade Company's to emerge winners" (Tweet) via Twitter.
  22. "New Kenya military bosses appointed". 3 July 2020.
  23. "Home".
  24. 1 2 3 4 Angira, Zadock (20 December 2019). "Terror level in Northern Kenya currently very high". People Daily Kenya.
  25. https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2022-07-21-four-retirements-caused-uhurus-military-changes/ [ bare URL ]
  26. Wambui, Mary (12 December 2022). "Ruto's first trooping of colour as Commander-in-Chief of KDF". Nation. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
  27. "Ngao ya Taifa", Vol. 2, 2020, page 28, published by Kenya Army, 2020.
  28. Gisesa, Nyambega (25 September 2020). "Kenya: After Meat, Kenyatta Set to Hand Over Choppers to Military". allAfrica.com. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
  29. Kenya Army, "Ngao ya Taifa," Volume 1, 2019, 10, 11.
  30. "Africa | Pirates 'want $35m for tank ship'". BBC News . 27 September 2008. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
  31. "Cargo prompts doubts on hijacked ship's destination". Los Angeles Times. 4 March 2009. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
  32. "IN PICTURES: MILITARY ALL SET FOR 27 AUG – Daily Nation". Nation.co.ke. 17 August 2010. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
  33. "Sudan "arm-twisted govt" to get tanks". All Africa.com. 10 December 2010. Retrieved 4 October 2011.
  34. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Jones, Richard D. Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010. Jane's Information Group; 35 edition (January 27, 2009). ISBN   978-0-7106-2869-5.
  35. "Germany's Unseen Hand in Kenya Crisis". The African Executive. 6 February 2008. Archived from the original on 16 May 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  36. "CZ Skorpion Evo 3, Kenya police issued new select fire switch sophisticated guns to fight crime". 22 January 2019. Archived from the original on 16 February 2022. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
  37. "Al-Shabab gunmen remain holed up in Nairobi mall after deadly shooting". america.aljazeera.com. Archived from the original on 20 May 2022.
  38. "AR 15 (M16/M4)". SALW Guide.
  39. 1 2 3 4 5 Binnie, Jeremy; de Cherisey, Erwan (2017). "New-model African armies" (PDF). Jane's. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 June 2017.
  40. CPL Jeff Sisto, USMC (9 December 2002). "Lance Corporal (LCPL) Seamus Conner, USMC, M249 Squad Automatic Weapon (SAW) GUNNER, Golf Company, Battalion Landing Team, 2nd Battalion, 2nd Marines (BLT 2/2), 24th Marine Expeditionary Unit (Special Operations Capable) (MEU SOC), fires the Bren Light Machine Gun (LMG) during a cross training portion of Exercise EDGED MALLET 2003 in Manda Bay, Kenya". catalog.archives.gov. National Archives . Retrieved 27 November 2021.
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Further reading

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kenya Defence Forces</span> Armed forces of Kenya

The Kenya Defence Forces (KDF) are the armed forces of the Republic of Kenya. They are made up of the Kenya Army, Kenya Navy, and Kenya Air Force. The current KDF was established, and its composition stipulated, in Article 241 of the 2010 Constitution of Kenya; it is governed by the KDF Act of 2012. Its main mission is the defence and protection of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Kenya, recruitment to the KDF is done on yearly basis. The President of Kenya is the commander-in-chief of the KDF, and the Chief of Defence Forces is the highest-ranking military officer, and the principal military adviser to the President of Kenya.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">King's African Rifles</span> British Colonial Auxiliary Forces regiment

The King's African Rifles (KAR) was a British Colonial Auxiliary Forces regiment raised from Britain's East African colonies in 1902. It primarily carried out internal security duties within these colonies along with military service elsewhere during the world wars and other conflicts, such as the Malayan Emergency and the Mau Mau uprising. The regiment's enlisted soldiers were drawn from the native Africans, while most officers were seconded from the British Army. During the 1960s, as part of the decolonisation of Africa, more African officers were commissioned into the regiment before it was gradually disbanded. KAR battalions would go on to form the core of newly established armed forces throughout East Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1st (African) Division</span> Military unit

The 1st (African) Division was a British Empire colonial unit during the Second World War. The division was formed on 24 July 1940 in East Africa. On 24 November of that year, the division was re-designated as the British Army's 11th (African) Division. The division were composed primarily of West African and East African troops. It was disbanded on 23 November 1941 and its component units reassigned.

The Rifles is an infantry regiment of the British Army. Formed in 2007, it consists of four Regular battalions and three Reserve battalions. Each Regular battalion was formerly an individual battalion of one of the two large regiments of the Light Division. Since formation, the regiment has been involved in the later stages of the Iraq War and in the War in Afghanistan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1st Armoured Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)</span> Inactive British Army formation

The 1st Armoured Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade of the British Army with a long history including service during both the First and the Second World Wars. It was based at Tidworth Camp. Previously, it has been designated 1st (Guards) Brigade, 1st Infantry Brigade, 1st Mechanised Brigade, and under the initial Army 2020 reforms assumed the title of 1st Armoured Infantry Brigade. Under the Future Soldier programme, the brigade merged with the 1st Artillery Brigade to form the 1st Deep Recce Strike Brigade Combat Team.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">24th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)</span> Military unit

The 24th Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade of the British Army from the First World War. It was reraised during the Second World War, as the 24th Infantry Brigade (Guards). During various designations, the brigade was active throughout the Cold War and existed until 1999, when it was merged with the 5 Airborne Brigade to become 16 Air Assault Brigade.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">11 Brigade (United Kingdom)</span> British Army unit

The 11th Brigade is a brigade of the British Army which is transitioning to the tactical recce-strike role. The brigade was formerly the 11th Security Force Assistance Brigade, providing training and guidance for foreign militaries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gilgil</span>

Gilgil, Kenya, is a town in Nakuru County, Kenya. The town is located between Naivasha and Nakuru and along the Nairobi - Nakuru highway. It is to the west of the Gilgil River, which flows south to feed Lake Naivasha.

The 2nd South African Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade of the army of the Union of South Africa during World War II. The Brigade formed part of the 1st South African Infantry Division and was formed on 13 August 1940. It served in East Africa and the Western Desert and was disbanded on 1 January 1943.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">East Africa Command</span> Military unit

East Africa Command was a Command of the British Army. Until 1947 it was under the direct control of the Army Council and thereafter it became the responsibility of Middle East Command. It was disbanded on 11 December 1963, the day before Kenya became independent, and replaced by British Land Forces Kenya, tasked with withdrawing all remaining British troops. All remaining troops left by December 1964 and British Land Forces Kenya was disestablished.

In September 1939, the British Army was in process of expanding their anti-aircraft and mobile assets. Among these new changes was the formation of Anti-Aircraft Command which was formed on 1 April 1939, and the 1st Armoured Division formed in 1937. The list below will include the British Army units, colonial units, and those units which were in the process of formation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kenya Army Infantry</span> Principal fighting arms of the Kenya Army

The units of the Kenya Army Infantry are the principal fighting arms of the Kenya Army. The primary mission of the Infantry formations is to fight and win land battles within area of operational responsibilities in the defence of the nation against land – based aggression, while the secondary mission is the provision of aid and support to civil authorities in the maintenance of order. The Kenyan School of Infantry (SOI) is located in Isiolo County.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Structure of the British Army</span> Organisation of the British Army

The page contains the current structure of the British Army. The British Army is currently being reorganised to the Future Soldier structure.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kenya Army Band</span>

The Kenya Army Band is the primary military musical unit in the Kenya Army and by extension Kenya Defence Forces. From independence it was the only band in the Kenya Defence Forces until 1985, when the Kenya Air Force Band was formed, and 1999, when the Kenya Navy Band was formed. All members of the band also play their primary role as members of the Infantry Branch, with many having been deployed on various peacekeeping missions, such as to Somalia and South Sudan.

The following is a hierarchical outline for the structure of the British Army in 1989. The most authoritative source for this type of information available is Ministry of Defence, Master Order of Battle, and United Kingdom Land Forces, HQ UKLF, UKLF ORBAT Review Action Plan, HQ UKLF, 1990.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bands of the Uganda People's Defence Force</span> British band of the Uganda Peoples Defence Force

Bands of the Uganda People's Defence Force (UPDF) are maintained in accordance with British traditions. All three services (the Land and Air Forces as well as the Special Forces Command) have their own military bands. It holds British Army traditions that date back to the Band of the King's African Rifles in the Uganda Protectorate.

The 22nd Infantry Brigade was a brigade sized formation of the British Army, which was founded on 19 September 1939 at Colito Barracks in Dar es Salaam in British East Africa. The brigade was initially called the 2nd Infantry Brigade, but was redesignated on 18 October 1940 as the 22nd Infantry Brigade. The brigade was composed of units from the King's African Rifles, the Northern Rhodesia Regiment and the Rhodesian African Rifles.

The 27th Infantry Brigade was a brigade sized formation of the British Army, which was founded on 18 September 1940 in Northern Rhodesia. The brigade was initially called the 7th Infantry Brigade, but was redesignated on 3 October 1940 as the 27th Infantry Brigade. In April 1945, the brigade was redesignated to the 27th Infantry Brigade.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peter Mbogo Njiru</span> Kenyan general

Lieutenant General (RTD)'Peter Mbogo Njiru', was a Kenyan military officer, who served as the Commander, Kenya Army, since July 2022. The Kenya Army is a service branch of the Kenya Defence Forces (KDF). Before his present assignment, General Njiru was the commander of the Kenya Joint Command and Staff College, at the rank of Major General.

Lugalo Military Camp is a large installation of the Tanzania People's Defence Force located in the city of Dar es Salaam along the Bagamoyo Road.