List of airline flights that required gliding

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Airplane gliding occurs when all the engines shut down, but the wings are still functional and can be used for a controlled descent. This is a very rare condition in multi-engine airliners, [1] though it is the obvious result when a single-engine airplane experiences engine failure. The most common cause of engine shutdown is fuel exhaustion or fuel starvation, but there have been other cases in aviation history of multiple engine failure due to bird strikes, flying through volcano ash, ingesting debris, and various forms of damage due to water (hail, ice or overwhelming rain).

Below is a list of commercial airline flights that were forced to glide at some point while in the air.

DateFlightAircraftLocationCauseResultTotal fatalitiesOccupants
14 April 1953Miami Airline (irregular air carrier) [2] Douglas DC-3 East of Selleck, Washington Dual engine failure due to poor maintenanceOn approach to Boeing Field, left engine failed & its propeller feathered; minutes later, right engine failed. While gliding, aircraft was unable to clear mountain, crashed into trees, breaking up. Investigation showed both engines suffered bearing failures due to negligent maintenance.725
30 April 1953 Aeroflot Flight 35 Ilyushin Il-12 Kazan, Russia Dual engine fireAt altitude of 300 m, both engines caught fire. Crew tried feathering propellers, captain decided to land plane on Volga River. One passenger drowned during evacuation. [3] [4] 123
24 February 1962 Tarom Ilyushin 18V [5] Ilyushin Il-18 Paphos, Cyprus Icing of fuel filters (probable)En route at 7,000 m (23,000 ft) over Mediterranean Sea while 70 km (43 mi) from coast of Cyprus, engine 3 lost power, followed by engines 1 & 2. At 3,100 m (10,200 ft), 45 km (28 mi) offshore, engine 4 also lost power. Plane underwent belly landing on ground near Paphos, Cyprus after 45 km (28 mi) glide.0100
21 August 1963 1963 Aeroflot Tupolev Tu-124 Neva river ditching Tupolev Tu-124 Leningrad, Russia Fuel exhaustion Nose landing gear failed to properly retract after takeoff, crew unable to lock gear in extended position. Aircraft circled to expend fuel to reduce weight & fire hazards in event forced landing was required. Aircraft ran out of fuel, pilot successfully ditched plane in Neva River without injury to passengers or crew.052
30 May 1967East African Airlines 5Y-ADA [6] Vickers VC10 Bombay, India Fuel starvation due to improper use of boost pumpsClimbing through 15,000 ft on departure from Bombay, all four engines lost power because of failure to use fuel boost pumps. Flight engineer was sick in lavatory & was retrieved by purser to restore power, thus arresting descent toward Indian Ocean.0Unknown
2 May 1970 ALM 980 McDonnell Douglas DC-9 Near Saint Croix Fuel starvation after multiple missed approaches due to bad weatherFlight originating from John F. Kennedy International Airport made three landing attempts at Princess Juliana International Airport but aborted due to bad weather. Captain diverted to St. Croix, short on fuel, decided to ditch before reaching island. Both engines flamed out shortly before ditching.2363
6 September 1971 Paninternational Flight 112 BAC One-Eleven Hamburg, GermanyEngine failure due to accidental use of jet fuel in water-injection tanksAfter take-off, both engines failed; pilots decided to make emergency landing on highway – Bundesautobahn 7 (also part of European route E45) – about 4.5 km (3 mi) from Hamburg Airport. During landing, aircraft collided with bridge, shearing both wings; plane caught fire.22121
17 July 1972 Civil Aviation Ministry test flight Tupolev Tu-134 Moscow oblast, RussiaEngine shutdown due to electrical system faultFourth prototype Tu-134 commuter jet, undergoing testing near Moscow. Failure of onboard accumulators caused fuel pumps to halt & both engines to shut down. Attempts to restart engines did not succeed, crew decided to glide to Iksha Reservoir. No casualties occurred during ditching. Plane experienced minor damages, was grounded for use as emergency training aid of cabin crews until 2000. [7] 0?
4 December 1974 BOAC flight 910 Vickers VC10 G-ASGL South China Sea Fuel starvation due to fuel transfer errorOn flight from Hong Kong to Tokyo, flight engineer failed to switch tanks feeding engines, resulting in failure of all four engines. Aircraft suffered from Dutch roll; later, engineer returned & restarted engines. [8] 0Unknown
4 April 1977 Southern Airways Flight 242 Douglas DC-9 Georgia, USHail & water ingestionAfter entering thunderstorm at 14,000 ft, both engines flamed out. Aircraft performed emergency landing on Georgia highway but struck gas station & exploded during rollout. [9] 72 (incl. 9 on ground)85
2 December 1977 1977 Benghazi Libyan Arab Airlines Tu-154 crash Tupolev Tu-154 Near Benghazi, Libya Fuel exhaustion The intended destination airport was blanketed in fog; aircraft could not successfully land, ran out of fuel while attempting to locate an alternate airport. Forced landing was made.59165
19 May 1978 Aeroflot Flight 6709 Baku – Leningrad Tupolev Tu-154B Maksatikha, Kalinin Oblast, Russia Fuel exhaustion due to improper actions of flight crewAutomatic fuel-pumping system was improperly disabled, causing power generators & all three engines to fail midair at altitude of 9600 m. Attempts to restart engines & auxiliary power unit did not succeed; after 14 minutes of gliding, crew made emergency landing in potato field. This type of aircraft is capable of landing on unpaved surfaces, but landing gear, although extended, was not locked & thus collapsed. Aircraft hit trees, was destroyed; 130 people survived crash, including 27 who were injured. Four passengers died. [10] 4134
28 December 1978 United Airlines Flight 173 Douglas DC-8 Portland, Oregon Fuel exhaustion Aircraft aborted first landing attempt due to possible landing-gear failure. Pilot focused on landing gear problem, neglected crew's warning of lack of fuel. Plane ran out of fuel, glided several miles before crashing within 10 miles of airport.10189
12 April 1979Aeroflot Flight 3582 Tashkent – Krasnoyarsk Tupolev Tu-154B Chimkent, Kazakhstan Failure of three engines due to flight engineer errorSoon after take-off from Tashkent at altitude of 2200 m, first engine failed, followed by second & third. Aircraft glided to Chimkent airport; crew managed to restart one engine at altitude of 900 m & land safely at night. [11] 0164+crew
24 June 1982 British Airways Flight 9 Boeing 747-200 Jakarta, Indonesia Volcanic ash ingestion from Mount Galunggung En route at FL370, all engines failed. After 10 minutes of gliding, four engines restarted, but one failed again & was shut down. Flight landed safely in Jakarta.0263
5 May 1983 Eastern Air Lines Flight 855 Lockheed L-1011 TriStar Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Florida Crew shut down of engine due to low oil pressure; remaining two engines failed due to loss of oil.After gliding for five minutes, one shut-down engine was successfully restarted. Aircraft made emergency landing at Miami International Airport; the sole running engine could not generate enough thrust to taxi aircraft to gate.0172
23 July 1983 Air Canada Flight 143 ("Gimli Glider") Boeing 767-233 Gimli, Manitoba, Canada Fuel exhaustion as result of refueling calculation error due to recent conversion to metric & deficient maintenance policiesAircraft glided to emergency landing on decommissioned runway that had been converted to drag strip.069
19 August 1983 United Airlines Flight 310 [12] Boeing 767-222Over the Arapahoe National Forest west of Denver, Colorado Dual-engine flameout due to fuel system contaminationCrew restarted both engines at 15,000 feet (4,600 m), successfully landed in Denver.0205
24 May 1988 TACA Flight 110 Boeing 737-3T0 New Orleans, Louisiana, USDual engine flameout due to water ingestionPlane glided to emergency off-airport landing on levee, undamaged; subsequently flown out to New Orleans after engine replacement.045
8 January 1989 British Midland Flight 092 Boeing 737-4Y0 M1 Motorway, Kegworth Blade fracture in left engine causing heavy vibration & engine fire; pilots shut down wrong engineWhen aircraft was diverted to East Midlands Airport, vibration returned, pilots erroneously shut down remaining engine. Aircraft crashed onto M1 motorway, skidding up motorway embankment, 689 yards from runway threshold.47126
3 September 1989 Varig Flight 254 Boeing 737-200 São José do Xingu, Amazon jungle, BrazilNavigation error, fuel exhaustion Crew entered incorrect heading into flight computer (270 instead of 027), taking plane over remote area of Amazon jungle. Attempts to reach alternate airport were unsuccessful; plane ran out of fuel, pilot made belly landing in jungle.1354
15 December 1989 KLM Flight 867 Boeing 747-406M Redoubt Volcano, Anchorage, Alaska Lost power in all four engines after flying through cloud of volcanic ash All engines restarted, landed safely.0245
25 January 1990 Avianca Flight 52 Boeing 707-321B Cove Neck, New York Fuel exhaustion Plane ran out of fuel due to multiple bad-weather approach holds to JFK Airport, crashed into hillside on Long Island.73158
27 December 1991 Scandinavian Airlines Flight 751 McDonnell Douglas MD-81 Gottröra, Sweden Ice ingested into engines; dual engine failureCrash landed in open field near Gottröra0129
12 November 1995 American Airlines Flight 1572 MD-83 Hartford, Connecticut Engines ingested tree debris.Aircraft was low on approach, clipped trees on ridge-line. One engine failed, other engine severely degraded. Aircraft glided to runway. [13] 078
23 November 1996 Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961 Boeing 767 Indian Ocean, off Africa Hijacking, fuel exhaustion Aircraft taken over by hijackers demanding reroute to Australia. Plane ran out of fuel, ditched into Indian Ocean off Comoro Islands, broke apart on impact.125175
12 January 2000 Aeroflot aircraft transfer flight from Krasnodar to Novosibirsk Tupolev Tu-154M Tolmachevo, Novosibirsk, RussiaFailure of all three engines during descent due to defective fuelAll three engines failed at altitudes of 700, 300, and 6 m, respectively; crew managed to land aircraft safely.030
12 July 2000 Hapag-Lloyd Flight 3378 Airbus A310-304 Vienna, Austria Fuel exhaustion as result of landing gear failure to retractGlided for about 20 km (12 mi) before crash landing 500 metres (1,600 ft) short of runway.0150
27 February 2001 Loganair Flight 670A Shorts 360-100 Firth of Forth, Scotland Dual engine failure from accumulation of large volumes of snow or slush in both enginesDitched in the Firth of Forth c. 100 metres from shoreline near Granton Harbour.22
24 August 2001 Air Transat Flight 236 Airbus A330-243 Terceira Island, Azores Fuel exhaustion 120 km (75 mi) from emergency airport as result of fuel leakEmergency landing; aircraft glided for 20 minutes. [14] 0306
14 January 2002 Sibir Flight 852 Tupolev Tu-204 Omsk, Russia Fuel exhaustion due to closure of destination airport in Novosibirsk & strong headwinds en route to reserve airportAirliner ran out of fuel, engines failed 15 km from airstrip in Omsk around 2000 m altitude. Aircraft glided for four minutes; crew managed to extend gear & land safely. [15] 0119
16 January 2002 Garuda Indonesia Flight 421 Boeing 737 Indonesia Hail & water ingestionAfter entering thunderstorm, both engines flamed out. Aircraft performed ditching on Bengawan Solo River, Indonesia. One flight attendant was killed; all others aboard survived.160
14 October 2004 Pinnacle Airlines Flight 3701 Bombardier CRJ-200 Jefferson City, Missouri Dual engine failure outside of flight envelopeDuring repositioning flight, pilots experimented with performance limits of aircraft. Both engines failed at high altitude & low speed, could not be restarted. Plane attempted emergency landing at Jefferson City Memorial Airport, crashed 2.5 miles (4.0 km) short of runway. Both pilots killed.22
6 August 2005 Tuninter Flight 1153 ATR 72-202 Mediterranean Sea Aircraft fitted with incorrect model of fuel indicator, leading to incorrect assumption by flight crew of sufficient fuelEngines failed about halfway through flight. Crew unsuccessfully attempted to restart engines, attempted to ditch aircraft at sea. Aircraft broke apart on impact.1639
14 August 2005 Helios Airways Flight 522 Boeing 737-31S Grammatiko, GreeceFlight crew incapacitation due to wrong setup of pressurization systemAfter take-off from Larnaca, Cyprus, flight crew continued ascent despite cabin pressurization warning; all on board, except one flight attendant who attempted to control aircraft, were eventually incapacitated by lack of oxygen. The auto pilot flew aircraft to Athens, Greece, entered holding pattern until both engines flamed out due to fuel exhaustion. Aircraft descended in gliding spiral until striking hill in Grammatiko, killing all aboard.121121
17 January, 2008 British Airways Flight 38 Boeing 777-200ER London, England Fuel starvation caused by blocked fuel lines due to formation of iceWhile landing at Heathrow Intl Airport the 777 lost all thrust from its engines and glided to the airport where it crashed. All 152 occupants survived.0152
15 January 2009 US Airways Flight 1549 Airbus A320-214 New York City Complete dual engine failure due to bird strikes moments after takeoff from La Guardia AirportAircraft glided, successfully ditched in Hudson River ("Miracle on the Hudson").0155
13 April 2010 Cathay Pacific Flight 780 Airbus A330-300 Juanda Surabaya East Java Indonesia Duel engine failure and compresser stall after takeoff; Fuel contaminatonLanded at Hong Kong International Airport 4 hours after the first ECAM message0322
3 June 2012 Dana Air Flight 0992 McDonnell Douglas MD-83 Iju-Ishaga, Lagos Dual engine failure from improper maintenance of fuel lines, failure for crew to divert to alternate airport when first engine failedCrashed during landing approach into densely populated neighborhood. All 153 on board were killed and an additional six on the ground were killed. [16] 159153
4 February 2015 TransAsia Airways Flight 235 ATR 72-600 Keelung River, Taipei, Taiwan One engine autofeathered due to fault in its control module; pilots shut down wrong engine.Crashed into Keelung River three minutes after take-off.4358
28 November 2016 LaMia Flight 2933 Avro RJ85 Near Medellín, Colombia Fuel exhaustion Took off with insufficient fuel reserves, crashed about 10 nmi (19 km) short of destination after short holding delay.7177
15 August 2019 Ural Airlines Flight 178 Airbus A321 Near Zhukovsky International Airport, Moscow, RussiaComplete dual engine failure due to bird strikesOccurred moments after takeoff from Zhukovsky International Airport. Aircraft glided & successfully landed in corn field.0233
22 May 2020 Pakistan International Airlines Flight 8303 Airbus A320-214 Model Colony, Karachi Dual engine failure after belly landing and go-around, loss of engine oilCrashed into buildings on approach, 97 on board were killed and one person on the ground was also killed. [17] 9899
2 July 2021 Transair Flight 810 Boeing 737-200 Advanced freighter Māmala Bay, Oahu, Hawaii, United States Single engine power loss power after takeoff; engine mismanagementDitched into Māmala Bay while attempting emergency landing. Crew misidentified failed engine & left both thrust levers in idle position until impact.02

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References

  1. ↑ "What happens if all the planes engines fail in the air?". Archived from the original on 10 March 2018.
  2. ↑ "DOT Online Database". Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 18 July 2015.
  3. ↑ "Катастрофа Ил-12 МУТА ГВФ на реке Волга в районе речного порта Казани (борт СССР-Л1777), 30 апреля 1953 года. // AirDisaster.ru – авиационные происшествия, инциденты и авиакатастрофы в СССР и России – факты, история, статистика".
  4. ↑ "Карточка самолёта: Ильюшин · Ил-12П · СССР-L1777 (зав.н. 93013114) ✈ russianplanes.net ✈ наша авиация".
  5. ↑ "ASN Aircraft accident Ilyushin 18V YR-IMB Paphos". Aviation-safety.net. 24 February 1962. Retrieved 28 August 2013.
  6. ↑ "Incidents and Accidents". Vc10.net. Retrieved 16 October 2013.
  7. ↑ "Вынужденная посадка Ту-134 ГосИИИ ГА на Икшинское водохранилище (борт СССР-65607), 17 июля 1972 года. // AirDisaster.ru – авиационные происшествия, инциденты и авиакатастрофы в СССР и России – факты, история, статистика". www.airdisaster.ru. Retrieved 31 July 2019.
  8. ↑ "Incidents and Accidents". www.vc10.net.
  9. ↑ Flight Safety Foundation (2022). "ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-9-31 N1335U New Hope, GA". aviation-safety.net. Archived from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 25 June 2017.
  10. ↑ Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Tupolev Tu-154B CCCP-85169 Maksatiha, Tver region". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  11. ↑ "Unique landing (уникальная посадка, in Russian)". Красноярский рабочий. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  12. ↑ "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 767-222 N609UA Denver, CO". Aviation-safety.net. Archived from the original on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 28 August 2013.
  13. ↑ NTSB (12 November 1995). "Aircraft Accident Report – Collision With Trees On Final Approach American Airlines Flight 1572 Mcdonnell Douglas Md-83, N566AA East Granby, Connecticut November 12, 1995" (PDF). libraryonline.erau.edu. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 January 2022. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  14. ↑ Learmont, David. "A330 lands safely after gliding for 20 minutes". FlightGlobal . Retrieved 17 August 2019.
  15. ↑ правды», Комсомольская правда | Сайт «Комсомольской (13 February 2002). "Андрей Чистосердов, командир экипажа Ту-204: Мы падали 15 километров с мертвыми двигателями". KP.RU – сайт «Комсомольской правды» (in Russian). Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  16. ↑ Report on the Accident to Dana Airlines Nigeria Limited Boeing MD-83 aircraft with registration 5N-RAM which occurred at Iju-Ishaga Area of Lagos State, Nigeria, on 3rd June 2012 (PDF) (Report). Accident Investigation Bureau. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 June 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2023.
  17. ↑ Accident of Pakistan International Airlines Flight PIA 8303 Airbus A320-214 Aircraft Registration Number AP-BLD Crashed Near Jinnah International Airport Karachi on 22nd May 2020 (PDF) (Report). Aircraft Accident Investigation Board of Pakistan. Retrieved 1 March 2023.
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