An anti-corruption agency is a special police agency specialised in fighting political corruption and engaging in general anti-corruption activities. Most are founded by statute, but some have a constitutional status.
An anti-corruption agency is a special police agency specialised in fighting political corruption and engaging in general anti-corruption activities. Most are founded by statute, but some have a constitutional status.
Police corruption is a form of police misconduct in which law enforcement officers end up breaking their political contract and abusing their power for personal gain. This type of corruption may involve one or a group of officers. Internal police corruption is a challenge to public trust, cohesion of departmental policies, human rights and legal violations involving serious consequences. Police corruption can take many forms, such as bribery.
Law enforcement in Australia is one of the three major components of the country's justice system, along with courts and corrections. Law enforcement officers are employed by all three levels of government – federal, state/territory, and local.
The Supreme People's Procuratorate of the People's Republic of China is the highest national agency responsible for legal prosecution and prosecutorial investigation in China. The SPP reports to the National People's Congress (NPC).
Law enforcement in Malaysia is performed by numerous law enforcement agencies and primarily the responsibility of the Royal Malaysia Police. Like many federal nations, the nature of the Constitution of Malaysia mandates law and order as a subject of a state, which means that local government bodies also have a role to play in law enforcement, therefore the bulk of the policing lies with the respective states and territories of Malaysia. Below are some of the law enforcement bodies and agencies of Malaysia.
The Group of States against Corruption is the Council of Europe's anti-corruption monitoring body with its headquarters in Strasbourg (France). It was established in 1999 as an enlarged partial agreement by 17 Council of Europe member states.
The main duties of law enforcement in Hong Kong are taken up by the Hong Kong Police Force. Other major law enforcement agencies (LEAs) include the Customs and Excise Department, the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC), Hong Kong Correctional Services department, the Immigration Department. The Commissioner of the ICAC reports directly to the Chief Executive, and the heads of the other three agencies report to Secretary for Security.
Law enforcement in Austria is the responsibility of the Directorate General for Public Security, a subdivision of the Federal Ministry of the Interior located at Herrengasse 7 in Vienna. Over 20,000 police officers are on duty in the Federal Police at more than 1,000 police stations. On lakes and rivers the federal police has over 70 boats and other craft to act as the water police.
Law enforcement in Hungary is split among the Police and Border Guards, and the Customs and Excise Authority. Since 2006, the Police has been subject to the Ministry of Justice, when the Ministry of Interior was re-structured to deal with Municipalities and Regional Development. Due to Hungary's accession to the Schengen Treaty, the Police and Border Guards were merged into a single national corps, with the Border Guards becoming Police Officers. This merger took place in January 2008. The Customs and Excise Authority remained to be subject to the Ministry of Finance.
The Australian Commission for Law Enforcement Integrity (ACLEI) was an Australian government statutory agency, created under the Law Enforcement Integrity Commissioner Act 2006. Its role was to support the Law Enforcement Integrity Commissioner, detecting and preventing corruption in the Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission, the Department of Home Affairs (Australia) including the Australian Border Force (ABF), the Australian Federal Police, Australian Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre (AUSTRAC) and aspects of the Department of Agriculture and Water Resources. It was replaced by the National Anti-Corruption Commission on 1 July 2023.
A specialist law enforcement agency is a law enforcement agency which specialises in the types of laws it enforces, or types of activities it undertakes, or geography it enforces laws in, or these in combination.
The General Inspection Organization of Iran (GIO) is linked to the Judiciary of Iran. It is also called the State Inspectorate Organization of Iran. The organization is a member of Asian Ombudsman Association and International Ombudsman Institute. Also, it is the member of International Association of Anti Corruption Authorities. However, it is not the primary anti-corruption body and there are several agencies including Supreme Audit Court, Ministry of Justice and Parliamentary Commission for enforcing principle 90 of the constitution, which are involved in fighting corruption and enforcing United Nations Convention Against Corruption.
Corruption is perceived as a significant problem in Russia, impacting various aspects of life, including the economy, business, public administration, law enforcement, healthcare, and education. The phenomenon of corruption is strongly established in the historical model of public governance, and attributed to general weakness of rule of law in the country. Transparency International stated in 2022, "Corruption is endemic in Russia" and assigned it the lowest score of any European country in their Corruption Perceptions Index for 2021. It has, under the regime of Vladimir Putin, been variously characterized as a kleptocracy, an oligarchy, and a plutocracy; owing to its crony capitalism economic system.
The intelligence agencies of the Russian Federation, often unofficially referred to in Russian as Special services, include:
The Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission (EACC) formerly the Kenya Anti-Corruption Commission(KACC) is a public body established under Section 3 (1) of the Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission Act, 2011.The Commission is mandated to combat and prevent corruption through law enforcement, preventive measures, education and promotion of standards and best practices in integrity and ethics in Kenya
Corruption in Georgia had been an issue in the post-Soviet decades. Before the 2003 Rose Revolution, according to Foreign Policy, Georgia was among the most corrupt nations in Eurasia. The level of corruption abated dramatically, however, after the revolution. In 2010, Transparency International (TI) said that Georgia was "the best corruption-buster in the world." While low-level corruption had earlier been largely eliminated, Transparency International Georgia since 2020 has also documented dozens of cases of high-level corruption that remain to be prosecuted.
The National Agency on Corruption Prevention or NACP is a national anti-corruption agency of the Ukrainian government which is responsible for shaping and implementing anti-corruption policy, while creating an environment conducive to corruption prevention. It has been functioning since 2016.
Anti-corruption comprises activities that oppose or inhibit corruption. Just as corruption takes many forms, anti-corruption efforts vary in scope and in strategy. A general distinction between preventive and reactive measures is sometimes drawn. In such framework, investigative authorities and their attempts to unveil corrupt practices would be considered reactive, while education on the negative impact of corruption, or firm-internal compliance programs are classified as the former.
Law enforcement in the Kyrgyz Republic is primarily the responsibility of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The ministry commands the police force, also known locally as militsiya, directly and thus policemen carry the insignia of the ministry (ИИМ). This structure of law enforcement is similar to its predecessors and many other post-Soviet states. The ministry is subdivided into numerous departments that tackle the different aspects of law enforcement in the Kyrgyz Republic and is also supported simultaneously by other governmental agencies. The police is contactable via the emergency hotline number 102.
The Anti-Corruption Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan is a state anti-corruption body directly subordinate and accountable to the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which is responsible for the formation and implementation of anti- corruption policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan and coordination in the field of anti-corruption, as well as identification, suppression, disclosure and investigation of corruption offenses and other functions in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
