Related Research Articles
Washington County is a county in Texas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 35,805. Its county seat is Brenham, which is located along U.S. Highway 290, 72 miles northwest of Houston. The county was created in 1835 as a municipality of Mexico and organized as a county in 1837. It is named for George Washington, the first president of the United States.
Denton is a city in the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Denton County. With a population of 139,869 as of 2020, it is the 20th-most populous city in Texas, the 177th-most populous city in the United States, and the 12th-most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex.
The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, usually referred to as simply the Freedmen's Bureau, was a U.S. government agency of early post American Civil War Reconstruction, assisting freedmen in the South. It was established on March 3, 1865, and operated briefly as a federal agency after the War, from 1865 to 1872, to direct provisions, clothing, and fuel for the immediate and temporary shelter and supply of destitute and suffering refugees and freedmen and their wives and children.
Shankleville is an unincorporated community in Newton County, Texas, United States, founded by James and Winnie Shankle and Stephen McBride. It was founded as a Freedmen's town, one of over 500 such "freedom colonies" in Texas.
The Black Seminoles, or Afro-Seminoles, are an ethnic group of mixed Native American and African origin associated with the Seminole people in Florida and Oklahoma. They are mostly blood descendants of the Seminole people, free Africans, and escaped former slaves, who allied with Seminole groups in Spanish Florida. Many have Seminole lineage, but due to the stigma of having mixed origin, they have all been categorized as slaves or Freedmen in the past.
Fourth Ward is one of the historic six wards of Houston, Texas, United States. The Fourth Ward is located inside the 610 Loop directly west of and adjacent to Downtown Houston. The Fourth Ward is the site of Freedmen's Town, which was a post-U.S. Civil War community of African-Americans.
In the United States, a freedmen's town was an African American municipality or community built by freedmen, formerly enslaved people who were emancipated during and after the American Civil War. These towns emerged in a number of states, most notably Texas. They are also known as freedom colonies, from the title of a book by Sitton and Conrad.
The Clarksville Historic District in Austin, Texas, is an area located west of downtown Austin near Lady Bird Lake and just northeast of the intersection of the Missouri Pacific Railroad and West Tenth Street. Many historic homes and structures are located within the Clarksville Historic District. While Clarksville is geographically part of the Old West Austin Historic District, it is distinct from the two historic neighborhoods of Old Enfield, which lies immediately to the north on the eastern side of Texas State Highway Loop 1, and Tarrytown, which is situated to the west and northwest on the western side of Mopac.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Texas:
Uptown is a PID and a dense neighborhood in Dallas, Texas. Uptown is north of and adjacent to downtown Dallas, and is bordered by US 75 on the east, N Haskell Avenue on the northeast, the Katy Trail on the northwest, Bookhout Street and Cedar Springs Road on the west, N Akard Street on the southwest and Spur 366 on the south.
John Henry "Jack" Yates was an American freedman, minister, and community leader. Born enslaved in Gloucester County, Virginia, on July 11, 1828, Yates was taught to read at an early age by his enslaver's child. He married Harriet Willis, who was enslaved on a neighboring farm. When her enslaver moved his plantation to Texas to avoid emancipation, Yates, then a free man, asked to be re-enslaved in order to stay with his family. He joined his family in Matagorda County, Texas, until their emancipation in 1865. The family then relocated to Houston, where he helped establish Freedman's Town, purchased property, and began ministering to the community. In 1868, Yates was named the first full-time preacher of the Antioch Missionary Baptist Church, Houston's first Black baptist church. As a community leader, Yates organized Houston Academy, now Booker T. Washington High School; Bethel Baptist Church; and Houston's Emancipation Park. He died in 1897. Yates' original Houston home, the Jack Yates House, was donated to Houston's Heritage Society and first opened to the public in 1996.
African American Texans or Black Texans are residents of the state of Texas who are of African ancestry and people that have origins as African-American slaves. African Americans formed a unique ethnic identity in Texas while facing the problems of societal and institutional discrimination as well as colorism for many years. The first person of African heritage to arrive in Texas was Estevanico, who came to Texas in 1528.
The history of African Americans in Austin dates back to 1839, when the first African American, Mahala Murchison, arrived. By the 1860s, several communities were established by freedmen that later became incorporated into the city proper. The relative share of Austin's African-American population has steadily declined since its peak in the late 20th century.
The Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex has 1.2 million African-Americans, the 2nd-largest metro population of African-Americans in Texas.
Wheatville was a historically black neighborhood in the city of Austin, Texas.
The Tenth Street Freedman's Town is a historic African American community in the Oak Cliff section of Dallas, Texas. A freedmen's town is a community settled by formerly enslaved people who were emancipated during and after the American Civil War. The freedmen's town that became known as Tenth Street began near the confluence of Cedar Creek and Cedar Creek Branch, at the foot of an African American burial ground dating back to 1846. The name "Tenth Street" became associated with the community in 1887, when John Scarborough Armstrong and Thomas Lafayette Marsalis platted the town of Oak Cliff.
Quakertown was a freedmen's town located in Denton, Texas.
The 1867 Settlement Historic District is an historic district in Texas City, Galveston, Texas.
Oberlin Village is a historic African American community located on the outskirts of Raleigh, North Carolina. Established post-Civil War, the village grew from a small cluster of free Black landowners into a thriving settlement during Reconstruction. It is rooted in a rich history of freedom, community, and resilience. The community has been recognized as a Historic Overlay District, and has multiple structures that are on the National Register of Historic Places.
References
- ↑ SITTON, THAD (June 12, 2010). "Freedmen's settlements". tshaonline.org.
- ↑ Roberts, Andrea (November 17, 2017). ""A Conversation" and "Portals to Freedom or Researching in Limbo Time"". UTSOA Platform 2017: Convergent Voices: 10.
- ↑ "All-black towns across America: Life was hard but full of promise". The Washington Post . Retrieved July 17, 2018.
- ↑ "Oklahoma's All-Black Towns | This Land Press - Made by You and Me". thislandpress.com. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
- ↑ "Announcement! Online Black Settlement Atlas, Statewide Survey Goes Live July 12!". Texas Freedom Colonies Project. July 12, 2018. Retrieved February 8, 2019.
The team has located and verified the existence of 357 settlements.
- ↑ "Freedtown Historical Marker". History of Pasco County, Florida. Retrieved August 16, 2018.
- ↑ "Freedtown: The town that vanished in Pasco County". February 7, 2019.
- ↑ "Rosewood Massacre - Overview, Facts & Legacy". History.com. Retrieved February 16, 2022.
- ↑ "The Effort to Preserve Huntertown". Spectrum News 1. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
- 1 2 Goddard, David (2011). Colonizing Southampton: The Transformation of a Long Island Community, 1870-1900. SUNY Press. p. 48. ISBN 9781438437989.
- ↑ Keuffel, Ken (August 17, 2012). "Freedman's Community Moves Toward Recognition". Winston-Salem Journal.
- ↑ "Houston: Freedmen's Town Historic District". Texas Historical Commission. Retrieved August 16, 2018.
- ↑ "Pelham, TX". Texas State Historical Society. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
- ↑ "Peyton, TX (Blanco County)". Texas State Historical Society. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
- ↑ "Quakertown, TX". Texas State Historical Society. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
- ↑ Murrmann, Mark. "Powerful photos from one of Texas' most historic black communities".
- ↑ "Tenth Street Historic District". City of Dallas. Retrieved August 16, 2018.
- ↑ Holland, Jesse J. (May 20, 2010). "Arlington Graves Cover 'Freedman's Village'". NBC News. Archived from the original on November 21, 2014.