List of motorways in Russia

Last updated

Motorways and expressways in Russia
.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}
Motorway
Motorway planned or under construction
Expressway
Expressway planned or under construction Autobahnen und Schnellstrassen in Russland.png
Motorways and expressways in Russia
  Motorway
  Motorway planned or under construction
  Expressway
  Expressway planned or under construction

This is a list of Russian federal highways and the motorway portions of them. Note that Russian federal highways in their entirety have often been mistakenly called "motorways" in English, even though they are traditionally two-lane physically undivided roads (i.e. not controlled access highways), due to their traditional name "Avtomagistral" (Автомагистраль) which can be translated to "motorway".

Contents

In 2025, Russia will have a nationwide motorway network with a length of 1,865.9 km and expressway network of 2,752.4 km.

The motorways and expressways have the numbering of the Russian federal highway network or their own name, as there is no separate numbering system for motorways and expressways and their sections are mostly part of the Russian federal highway network. The legal speed limit on motorways and expressways is 110 km/h, and 130 km/h [1] on some newly upgraded sections of motorway. Sections of Russian federal highway that have been upgraded to motorway status are marked with green signs. Federal highway roads that have been upgraded to expressways or dual and single carriageway with road junction are marked with blue signs.

In the classification of Russian federal highway roads, motorways are assigned to technical category IA and expressways to technical category IB. [2]

Motorways

5.1 Russian road sign.svg

Motorways are designated as Category IA roads.

Name or road numberTotal length of the road numberMotorwayTotal length as motorway
M2-Green-RUS.svg
Crimea
720 km21–178 km (Moscow – Tula)157 km
M4-Green-RUS.svg
Don
1517 km20–121 km (Moscow – Kashira)
516–544 km (Voronezh – Rogachevka)
1024–1072 km (Novopersianovka – Rostov-on-Don)
1362–1374 km (Psekups – Saratovskaya)
187.7 km
M5
Ural
2089 km68–87 km (Ulianino - Nepetsino)20.9 km
M7-Green-RUS.svg
Volga
1342 km0–45 km (Bypass Nizhny Novgorod)45.2 km
M8-Green-RUS.svg
Kholmogory
1271 km94–112 km (Vladimir Oblast)18 km
M9-Green-RUS.svg
Baltia
610 km19–114 km (Moscow – Volokolamsk)95 km
M11-Green-RUS.svg
Neva
684 km15–684 km (Moscow – Saint Petersburg)669 km
M12-RUS.svg
Vostok
1283 km14–34 km (former R243-Green-RUS.png , Perm – Bershet)20 km
A113-Green-RUS.svg
Central Ring Road
525 km0–251 km (Bukharovo – Lisintsevo)251 km
A118-Green-RUS.svg
Saint Petersburg Ring Road
142.2 kmEntire142.2 km
32K-445-Green-RUS.png [3] 189 km6–67 km (KemerovoLeninsk-Kuznetsky)61 km
Spur route Klin 4 kmEntire4 km
Mezhdunarodnoye shosse (Moscow)3.3 kmEntire3.3 km
Western Rapid Diameter 46.6 kmEntire46.6 km
Motorway Shali – Bavly299 km52–197 km (AlexeyevskoyeAlmetyevsk) [4] 145 km
Total1,865.9 km

Former motorways

Name or road numberTotal length of the road numberMotorwayTotal length as motorwayNotes
M5-RUS.svg
Ural
1879 km10 km in Samara Oblast
24 km [5] in Chelyabinsk Oblast
34 kmDowngraded to Dual carriageway in November 2020 [6]
Total34 km

Expressways

5.3 Russian road sign.svg

Expressways are designated as Category IB roads.

Name or road numberTotal length of the road numberExpresswayTotal length as expressway
M1-RUS.svg
Belarus
515 km0–66 km (Moscow – Kubinka)
380–383 km
73.4 km [7]
M3-RUS.svg
Ukraine
474.5 km3.2–15 km (Leo Tolstoy Village – Kaluga)
106–194 km (ObninskKaluga)
99 km [8]
M4-RUS.svg
Don
1,517 km170–194 km (Venyov – Karniki)
228–260 km (Bogoroditsk – Kusovka)
296–322 km (Zalesskoe – Pushkari)
339–460 km (Babarykino – Horse-Kolodezsky)
493–516 km (Voronezh International Airport) – Voronezh)
633–715 km (Losevo – Verkhny Mamon)
0–51 km (Krasnodar bypass section: Plastunovskaya – Maryanskaya)
359 km
M5-RUS.svg
Ural
3,287.7 km130–194 km (Yekaterinburg - Cherkaskul)
199–221 km (Ulyanovsk Bypass)
233–235 km (Ulyanovsk Bypass)
1342–1351 km
1365-1380 km
1395-1480 (Ufa Bypass)
199 km [9]
M8-RUS.svg
Kholmogory
1271 km17–35 km (Moscow – Pushkino)18 km
M10-RUS.svg
Russia
872 km594–674 km (Saint PetersburgChudovo)80.6 km [10]
M12-Blue-Russian-Road-Sign-RUS2.png
Vostok
810.3 km27–837 km (Moscow – Kazan)810.3 km [11]
A105-RUS.svg 23 km24–42 km (Moscow – Moscow Domodedovo Airport)18 km
A147-RUS.svg 239 km0–8 km
164–167 km
169–204 km (SochiAdler)
38.1 km [12]
A15746.9 km0–37.5 km (Mineralnye Vody Airport - Yessentukskaya)
46–46.3 km (Kislovodsk)
36.8 km [13]
A181-RUS.svg
Scandinavia
160.56 km65–100 km (Ilyichevo – Kirillovskoye)
203–204 km (Torfyanovka)
36 km [14]
A217 Primorskoye polukoltso52.4 km4–46 km42 km [15]
A290-RUS.svg 178.6 km3–13.5 km (Novorossiysk)
71.5–72.6 (Dzhiginka)
101–168.6 (StarotitarovskayaKerch)
79.2 km [16]
A295118.9 km14.3–33.4 km (Yoshkar-Ola – Silikatniy)
114.5–126.3 km (ZelenodolskKazan)
30.9 km [17]
P21-RUS.svg
Kola
2,038.8 km12–52 km (Saint PetersburgSinyavino)
68–75 km (Naziya)
46.4 km [18]
P22-RUS.svg
Caspian Highway
1,785.2 km0–7 km (Pushkari – Tambov)7.4 km [19]
R120493.1 km320.1–359.8 km (SmolenskPochinok)39.7 km [20]
P217-RUS.svg
Kavkaz
1118 km1–6 km (Inozemtsevo bypass section)
92–103 km (Maykop)
602–622 km (In Chechnya)
656–659 km (In Chechnya)
708–718 km (In Chechnya)
1–27 km (Gudermes bypass section)
70 km [21]
R228
Syzran - Saratov - Volgograd
714.1 km661–669 km (Yerzovka)8.2 km [22]
R240
Ufa - Orenburg
336.8 km8–112 km (UfaSterlitamak)104.1 km [23]
P256-RUS.svg 1,133.8 km172.9–182.9 km (Sibirsky)10 km [24]
P404-RUS.svg 960.6 km11.7–30 km (Tyumen - Kaskara)
122.4–124.9 km (Cheganova)
143.5–145 km (Tobolsk)
22.4 km [25]
32K-445-Blue-RUS-preview.png 189 km0–6 km (Kemerovo International Airport – Novostroika)
67–189 km (Leninsk-Kuznetsky – Novokuznetsk)
128 km
MKAD Moskva.svg
Moscow Ring Road
108.9 kmEntire108.9 km
North-Eastern Chord 40 kmEntire40 km
South-Eastern Chord 36 kmEntire26 km
Bagration Avenue (Moscow)11 kmEntire10.3 km
Third Ring Road 35.1 kmEntire35.1 km
Tolyatti Bypass98.3 kmEntire98.3 km
Khabarovsk Bypass52.8 km13–41 km (Khabarovsk Novy Airport – Ilinka)27.1 km
Kemerovo Northwestern bypass47.6 kmEntire47.6 km
Moscow High-Speed Diameter68 kmEntire (together with North-Eastern and South-Eastern Chord)(68 km)
Eastern Speed Diameter (Saint Petersburg)2.6 km0–2.6 km (Western Rapid Diameter – Vitebskiy Avenue) [26] 2.6 km
Total2,752.4 km

Dual carriageways and toll roads (speed limit 100–110 km/h)

Dual carriageways with speed limits of 100–110 km/h are designated as Category IB and IW roads. However, they are not officially signposted as expressways, as some sections are regulated to a speed limit of 90 km/h by lane control lights in winter and some sections are classified as Category IW. Some sections are toll roads.

Name or road numberTotal length of the road numberDual carriagewaysTotal length as Dual carriageways
M4-RUS.svg
Don
1517 km715–777 km (Boguchar bypass section)
777–933 km (In Rostov Oblast)
1091–1119 km (In Rostov Oblast)
246 km
M5-RUS.svg
Ural
2089 km28–37 km (Oktyabrskoye-Ostrovets bypass section)
982–1031 km (TolyattiSamara)
58 km
M7-RUS.svg
Volga
858 km879–896 km (Kazan - Naberezhnye Chelny)
975–985 km (Kazan - Naberezhnye Chelny)
27 km
M12-Blue-Russian-Road-Sign-RUS2.png
Vostok
~1600 km33–47 km (Bershet - Kukushtan, former P242 PermYekaterinburg)14 km
P239-RUS.svg
Orenburgsky Trakt
900 km14–20 km (Kazan - Kazan International Airport)6 km
A121-RUS.svg
Sortavala
512.7 km1–72 km (A118 - Varshko)71 km
A22925 km10–25 km (Kaliningrad - Chernyakhovsk - Chernyshevskoye)15 km
A289 119 km14–133 km (Crimean Bridge - M4-RUS.svg Krasnodar bypass section) [27] 119 km
A370-RUS.svg
Ussuri
760 km622–637 km
675-690 km
30 km
05A-61414 km0–14 km (from A370-RUS.svg to Amur Bay Bridge)14 km
27A-00715.3 km0–15.3 km (Kaliningrad north bypass)15.3 km
Mytishchi High-Speed Chord16.1 kmEntire16.1 km
Total631.4 km

Motorways or expressways under construction or planned

Name or road numberSectionTechnical categoryTotal lengthNotes
M1-RUS.svg
Belarus
66–160 km (Moscow Oblast)IB (Expressway)94 kmReconstruction of M1 to 2030
M2-Green-RUS.svg
Crimea
178–456 km (Tula western bypass)IA (Motorway)54 kmSection between Aleshnya and Lapotkovo near Shchekino is planned
M3-RUS.svg
Ukraine
51–124 km (Aprelevka – Maloyaroslavets)IB (Expressway)73 kmReconstruction of M3 from 2024 to 2027
M12-Blue-Russian-Road-Sign-RUS2.png
Vostok
0–275 km (DyurtyuliAchit)IB (Expressway)275 kmThe section will be completed in 2024 [28]
A113-Green-RUS.svg
Central Ring Road
251–403 km (Lisintsevo – M11)IA (Motorway)152 kmStart of construction in 2025
A147-RUS.svg 0–171 km (Dzhubga – Sochi)IB (Expressway)171 kmThe section will be completed in 2029 [29]
Motorway Shali – Bavly197–299 km (Almetyevsk – Bavly)IA (Motorway)102 kmSection is planned
Adler bypass0–7.8 km (North of Adler)IB (Expressway)7.8 kmThe section will be completed in 2026 [30]
Eastern Speed Diameter2.6–27.4 km (Vitebskiy Avenue – R21)IB (Expressway)24.8 kmSection is planned
Total953.6 km

See also

References

  1. "На трассах М-11 и М-4 повысят скоростной режим до 130 км/ч :". Autonews (in Russian). Retrieved 2024-08-30.
  2. "Классификация автомобильных дорог" (PDF) (in Russian). Retrieved 2024-01-21.
  3. "First motorway opened in Kemerovo oblast". // kuzdor.ru. Archived from the original on 2012-12-29. Retrieved 2012-11-23.
  4. "Платный участок дороги Алексеевское – Альметьевск открыт. 145 километров пути обойдутся в 653 рубля" (in Russian). Retrieved 2024-12-26.
  5. "На М5 в Челябинской области появилась автомагистраль - Челябинск и область". Archived from the original on 2015-01-19. Retrieved 2013-06-25.
  6. "На трассе М-5 снизили скоростной лимит: Челябинская область лишилась единственной автомагистрали" (in Russian). 2020-11-05. Retrieved 2024-08-07.
  7. "M1 (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-12-27. Retrieved 2024-12-27.
  8. "M3 Ukraine (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-12-27. Retrieved 2024-12-27.
  9. "M5 Ural (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-12-27. Retrieved 2024-12-27.
  10. "M10 Russia (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-12-27. Retrieved 2024-12-27.
  11. "M12 (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-12-28. Retrieved 2024-12-28.
  12. "A147 (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-12-27. Retrieved 2024-12-27.
  13. "A157 (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-12-30. Retrieved 2024-12-30.
  14. "A181 Scandinavia (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-12-26. Retrieved 2024-12-26.
  15. "A217 (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-12-28. Retrieved 2024-12-28.
  16. "A290 (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-12-31. Retrieved 2024-12-31.
  17. "A295 (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-12-28. Retrieved 2024-12-31.
  18. "R21 (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-12-28. Retrieved 2024-12-28.
  19. "R22 (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-12-29. Retrieved 2024-12-29.
  20. "R120 (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2025-01-02. Retrieved 2024-01-02.
  21. "R117 (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-12-30. Retrieved 2024-12-30.
  22. "R228 (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-12-29. Retrieved 2024-12-29.
  23. "R240 (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-12-29. Retrieved 2024-12-29.
  24. "R256 (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-12-29. Retrieved 2024-12-31.
  25. "R404 (Road Registry)" (in Russian). 2024-01-03. Retrieved 2024-01-03.
  26. "В Петербурге торжественно запустили Витебскую развязку ЗСД". ФОНТАНКА.ру (in Russian). 2024-12-22. Retrieved 2024-12-22.
  27. https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/7400722?ysclid=m4zvsf2ccz349454149
  28. "Автомобильная дорога Дюртюли – Ачит будет сдана в 2024 году". russianhighways.ru. Retrieved 2024-08-30.
  29. "Трасса Джубга – Сочи заработает в 2029 году "АВТО-ДРОН"". www.AvtoDron.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2024-08-30.
  30. Захарова, Наталья (2022-12-07). "Дорогу в обход Адлера начнут проектировать в следующем году". Архитектура Сочи (in Russian). Retrieved 2024-08-30.