This is a list of Russian federal highways and the motorway portions of them. Note that Russian federal highways in their entirety have often been mistakenly called "motorways" in English, even though they are traditionally two-lane physically undivided roads (i.e. not controlled access highways), due to their traditional name "Avtomagistral" (Автомагистраль) which can be translated to "motorway".
In 2024, Russia will have a nationwide motorway network with a length of 1701 km and expressway network of 1826.4 km.
The motorways and expressways have the numbering of the Russian federal highway network or their own name, as there is no separate numbering system for motorways and expressways and their sections are mostly part of the Russian federal highway network. The legal speed limit on motorways and expressways is 110 km/h, and 130 km/h [1] on some newly upgraded sections of motorway. Sections of Russian federal highway that have been upgraded to motorway status are marked with green signs. Federal highway roads that have been upgraded to expressways or dual and single carriageway with road junction are marked with blue signs.
In the classification of Russian federal highway roads, motorways are assigned to technical category IA and expressways to technical category IB. [2]
Name or road number | Total length of the road number | Motorway | Total length as motorway |
---|---|---|---|
Crimea | 720 km | 21–178 km (Moscow – Tula) | 157 km |
Don | 1517 km | 18–120 km (Moscow – Kashira) 517–544 km (Voronezh – Rogachevka) 1024–1072 km (Novopersianovka – 1362–1374 km (Psekups – Saratovskaya) | 188.7 km |
Volga | 1342 km | 0–45 km (Bypass Nizhny Novgorod) | 45.2 km |
Kholmogory | 1271 km | 94–112 km (Vladimir Oblast) | 18 km |
Baltia | 610 km | 19–114 km (Moscow – Volokolamsk) | 95 km |
Neva | 684 km | 15–684 km (Moscow – Saint Petersburg) | 669 km |
1283 km | 14–34 km (Perm – Bershet) | 20 km | |
Central Ring Road | 525 km | 0–251 km (Bukharovo – Lisintsevo) | 251 km |
Saint Petersburg Ring Road | 142.2 km | Entire | 142.2 km |
[3] | 189 km | 6–67 km (Kemerovo – Leninsk-Kuznetsky) | 61 km |
Spur route Klin | 4 km | Entire | 4 km |
Mezhdunarodnoye shosse | 3.3 km | Entire | 3.3 km |
Western Rapid Diameter | 46.6 km | Entire | 46.6 km |
Total | 1701 km |
Name or road number | Total length of the road number | Motorway | Total length as motorway | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ural | 1879 km | 10 km in Samara Oblast 24 km [4] in Chelyabinsk Oblast | 34 km | Downgraded to Dual carriageway in November 2020 [5] |
Total | 34 km |
Name or road number | Total length of the road number | Expressway | Total length as expressway |
---|---|---|---|
Belarus | 440 km | 0–18 km (Moscow – Lesnoy Gorodok) 34–66 km (Lesnoy Gorodok – Kubinka) | 50 km |
Ukraine | 490 km | 124–194 km (Maloyaroslavets – Besovo) | 70 km |
Don | 1517 km | 170–194 km (Venyov – Karniki) 228–260 km (Bogoroditsk – Kusovka) 296–322 km (Zalesskoe – Pushkari) 339–460 km (Babarykino – Horse-Kolodezsky) 494–517 km (Voronezh International Airport) –Voronezh) 634–713 km (Losevo – Verkhny Mamon) 0–51 km (Plastunovskaya – Maryanskaya) | 356 km |
Kholmogory | 1271 km | 17–35 km (Moscow – Pushkino) | 18 km |
Vostok | ~1600 km | 27–836 km (Moscow – Kazan) | 809 km |
23 km | 24–42 km (Moscow – Moscow Domodedovo Airport) | 18 km | |
217 km | 190–198 km (Sochi – Adler) | 8.2 km | |
189 km | 0–6 km (Kemerovo International Airport – Novostroika) 67–189 km (Leninsk-Kuznetsky – Novokuznetsk) | 128 km | |
Moscow Ring Road | 108.9 km | Entire | 108.9 km |
North-Eastern Chord | 40 km | Entire | 40 km |
South-Eastern Chord | 36 km | Entire | 36 km |
Bagration Avenue (Moscow) | 11 km | Entire | 11 km |
Third Ring Road | 35.1 km | Entire | 35.1 km |
Eastern arterial road (Ufa) | 13.9 km | Entire | 13.9 km |
Tolyatti Bypass | 98.3 km | Entire | 98.3 km |
Khabarovsk Bypass | 52.8 km | 11–37 km (Khabarovsk Novy Airport – Ilinka) | 26 km |
Total | 1826.4 km |
Name or road number | Section | Technical category | Total length | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Belarus | 66–160 km (Moscow Oblast ) | IB (Expressway) | 94 km | Reconstruction of M1 to 2030 |
Crimea | 178–456 km (Tula western bypass) | IA (Motorway) | 54 km | Section between Aleshnya and Lapotkovo near Shchekino is planned |
Ukraine | 51–124 km (Aprelevka – Maloyaroslavets) | IB (Expressway) | 73 km | Reconstruction of M3 from 2024 to 2027 |
Vostok | 0–275 km (Dyurtyuli – Achit ) | IB (Expressway) | 275 km | The section will be completed in 2024 [6] |
Central Ring Road | 251–403 km (Lisintsevo – M11 ) | IA (Motorway) | 152 km | Start of construction in 2025 |
0–171 km (Dzhubga – Sochi) | IB (Expressway) | 171 km | The section will be completed in 2029 [7] | |
A289 | 14–130 km (Krasnodar Krai ) | IB (Expressway) | 116 km | The section will be completed in 2024 [8] |
Motorway Shali – Bavly | 87–232 km (Alexeyevskoye – Almetyevsk) | IA (Motorway) | 145 km | The section will be completed in 2024 [9] |
232–332 km (Almetyevsk – Bavly) | IA (Motorway) | 100 km | Section is planned | |
Kemerovo Northwestern bypass | 0–47.6 km (Northwest of Kemerovo) | IB (Expressway) | 47.6 km | The section will be completed in 2024 [10] |
Volgograd bypass | 0–70 km (West of Volgograd) | IB (Expressway) | 70 km | The section will be completed in 2024 [11] |
Adler bypass | 0–7.8 km (North of Adler) | IB (Expressway) | 7.8 km | The section will be completed in 2026 [12] |
Eastern Speed Diameter | 0–2.6 km (Western Rapid Diameter – Vitebskiy Avenue) | IA (Motorway) | 2.6 km | The section will be completed in 2024 [13] |
2.6–27.4 km (Vitebskiy Avenue – R21) | IA (Motorway) | 24.8 km | Section is planned | |
Total | 1332.8 km |
Kemerovo International Airport, also known as Alexei Leonov Airport, is one of 2 major airports in Kemerovo Oblast area, Russia, Southwestern Siberia located 10 km southeast of Kemerovo. It is a civilian airfield serving medium-sized airliners, but large enough to be used for military purposes.
Mineralnye Vody Airport is an airport in Stavropol Krai, Russia, located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) west of Mineralnye Vody. It features a civilian terminal area on its west side with 41 parking spots. The airfield houses a Tupolev Tu-154 maintenance facility on the east side.
Orenburg Airport is a civil airport located about 25 km east of Orenburg city. Now defunct Orenair had its head office on the airport property.
The Moscow–Saint Petersburg motorway, designated as the М11 Neva, is a Russian federal highway in the European part of Russia, running parallel to the M10 highway, serving from the federal cities of Moscow to St. Petersburg. The M11 goes through Moscow, Tver, Novgorod, and Leningrad Oblasts, running pass the cities of Khimki, Zelenograd, Solnechnogorsk, Klin, Tver, Vyshny Volochyok, Valday, Veliky Novgorod, Chudovo, and Tosno.
Visitors to Tajikistan must obtain a visa unless they are citizens of one of the visa-exempt countries, or citizens who may obtain a visa on arrival, or citizens eligible for an e-Visa.
Highways in Bulgaria are dual carriageways, grade separated with controlled-access, designed for high speeds. In 2012, legislation amendments defined two types of highways: motorways and expressways. The main differences are that motorways have emergency lanes and the maximum allowed speed limit is 140 km/h (87 mph), while expressways do not and the speed limit is 120 km/h (75 mph). As of October 2023, a total of 879,1 kilometers of motorways are in service.
Baikal International Airport, formerly Ulan-Ude Airport is an international airport located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) west of Ulan-Ude, Russia. The airport has two terminals with customs and border control facilities with a capacity of 400 passengers per hour. In 2021, the airport served 540,094 passengers on more than 20 scheduled international and domestic destinations. The airport is named after the nearby Lake Baikal.
Platov International Airport is an airport close to the stanitsa of Grushevskaya, Aksaysky District, Rostov Oblast, Russia near the city of Novocherkassk northeast of Rostov-on-Don. It serves Rostov-on-Don and started operation in December 2017. It is named after Matvei Platov.
The Anadyr Highway is a highway on the territory of Magadan Oblast and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug from the R504 Kolyma Highway to the city of Anadyr with branches to Bilibino, Komsomolsky and Egvekinot. In the Magadan Region it is numbered 44H-3; in Chukotka the existing segments have the number 77K-022. The new highway will ensure the year-round connection of the Chukotka Autonomous District with the rest of Russia.
14 km dorogi Kem-Kalevala is a rural locality in Kemskoye Urban Settlement of Kemsky District, Russia. The population was 604 as of 2013.
Mynchakovo is a rural locality in Kubenskoye Rural Settlement, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 366 as of 2002.
Sindosh is a rural locality in Kubenskoye Rural Settlement, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 6 as of 2002.
Edoma is a rural locality in Zheleznodorozhnoye Rural Settlement, Sheksninsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 21 as of 2002.
The Federal MotorwayМ12 "Vostok", is a highway under construction in the European part of Russia, running between the M7 and M5 highways, serving from the federal city of Moscow to Tyumen. Its construction will be finished by 2027 and will cost around 612 billion rubles. On 23 May 2020, it became known that according to the latest plans, it is planned to speed up the construction of the highway and hand it over in 2024. The M12's total length will be 794 km.
The Russian route A121, also known as the Sortavala Highway, is a Russian federal highway from Saint Petersburg to R21 highway in the Republic of Karelia. On the route Saint Petersburg – Sortavala – R21 "Kola" its length is 448 km. In 2017 a 54-km-long road section to Vyartsilya and Finland–Russia border became a part of the A121 highway increasing the total length of the Sortavala Highway to 502 km.
Baychurovo is a rural locality and the administrative center of Baychurovskoye Rural Settlement, Povorinsky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,577 as of 2010. There are 19 streets.
Donaerodorstroy is a Russian company, one of the largest construction companies in the country. It is a part of OJSC "Group of construction companies "DON".