A dual carriageway (BrE) or a divided highway (AmE) is a class of highway with carriageways for traffic travelling in opposite directions separated by a central reservation (BrE) or median (AmE). Roads with two or more carriageways which are designed to higher standards with controlled access are generally classed as motorways, freeways, etc., rather than dual carriageways.
A limited-access road, known by various terms worldwide, including limited-access highway, dual-carriageway, expressway, and partial controlled-access highway, is a highway or arterial road for high-speed traffic which has many or most characteristics of a controlled-access highway, including limited or no access to adjacent property, some degree of separation of opposing traffic flow, use of grade separated interchanges to some extent, prohibition of slow modes of transport, such as bicycles, horse-drawn vehicles or ridden horses, or self-propelled agricultural machines; and very few or no intersecting cross-streets or level crossings. The degree of isolation from local traffic allowed varies between countries and regions. The precise definition of these terms varies by jurisdiction.
A controlled-access highway is a type of highway that has been designed for high-speed vehicular traffic, with all traffic flow—ingress and egress—regulated. Common English terms are freeway, motorway, and expressway. Other similar terms include throughway or thruway and parkway. Some of these may be limited-access highways, although this term can also refer to a class of highways with somewhat less isolation from other traffic.
Almetyevsk is a city in Tatarstan, Russia, located on the left bank of the Zay River 265 kilometers (165 mi) southeast of Kazan. Population: 146,393 (2010 Census); 140,437 (2002 Census); 129,008 (1989 Soviet census); 77,000 (1969); 49,000 (1959).
The M10 "Russia" is a federal highway in Russia connecting the country's two largest cities, Moscow and Saint Petersburg. Other than in the vicinity of Moscow and Saint Petersburg, the M10 is basically a two-lane highway, with an occasional third centre lane to allow overtaking or for left-turning traffic at intersections.
Roads in Ukraine's transportation network are divided into two main categories: general-use roads, which consist of streets and roads in cities, villages, and other populated areas; and specialized roads, which include official, private, and special-use roads. Most members of the public travel on general-use roads, the most prominent of which are part of the international E-road network. However, high-speed highways, locally known as avtomahistrali (motorways) or shvydkisni dorohy (expressways), are rare and only exist on certain segments of major routes. In early 2010, in preparation for Ukraine co-hosting the UEFA Euro 2012 football tournament, significant infrastructure improvement projects were announced by the newly-established Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine, then headed by Borys Kolesnikov. These efforts fell short of expectations in some areas, and the road network at-large is still in need of significant renovation.
Krasnoyarsk Metro System is a future light rail (metrotram) system in the city of Krasnoyarsk, Russia. Construction began at a slow pace in the late 1990s, it is planned to be completed by 2027.
The Amur–Yakutsk Mainline, abbreviated to AYaM, is a partially complete railway in eastern Russia, linking the Trans–Siberian Railway and Baikal–Amur Mainline with the Sakha Republic.
A375 Highway, formerly named as Vostok Highway, is a Russian federal highway currently under construction that will run 824 km (512 mi) between Khabarovsk and Nakhodka.
This article describes the highway systems available in selected countries.
The Moscow–Saint Petersburg motorway, designated as the М11 Neva, is a Russian federal highway in the European part of Russia, running parallel to the M10 highway, serving from the federal cities of Moscow to St. Petersburg. The M11 goes through Moscow, Tver, Novgorod, and Leningrad Oblasts, running pass the cities of Khimki, Zelenograd, Solnechnogorsk, Klin, Tver, Vyshny Volochyok, Valday, Veliky Novgorod, Chudovo, and Tosno.
The Georgian S1 route, is a "road of international importance" with a registered length of 542.7 kilometres (337.2 mi) within the Georgian classification system, which makes it the longest Georgian highway route. It runs from Tbilisi via Mtskheta, Gori, Khashuri, Zestaponi, Kutaisi, Samtredia, Senaki, Zugdidi, Sukhumi and Gagra to the border with Russia near Leselidze at the northwestern tip of the country, covering in practice 537 kilometres (334 mi). After crossing the Georgia–Russia border in breakaway Abkhazia, the highway continues to Sochi and Krasnodar as A147. It is part of European E60, E97 and E117 routes and Asian Highways AH5, AH81 and AH82, and connects with six other S-routes.
Highways in Bulgaria are dual carriageways, grade separated with controlled-access, designed for high speeds. In 2012, legislation amendments defined two types of highways: motorways and expressways. The main differences are that motorways have emergency lanes and the maximum allowed speed limit is 140 km/h (87 mph), while expressways do not and the speed limit is 120 km/h (75 mph). As of October 2024, a total of 884 kilometers of motorways are in service.
The Anadyr Highway is a highway on the territory of Magadan Oblast and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug from the R504 Kolyma Highway to the city of Anadyr with branches to Bilibino, Komsomolsky and Egvekinot. In the Magadan Region it is numbered 44H-3; in Chukotka the existing segments have the number 77K-022. The new highway will ensure the year-round connection of the Chukotka Autonomous District with the rest of Russia.
The Federal MotorwayМ12 "Vostok", is a highway under construction in the European part of Russia, running between the M7 and M5 highways, serving from the federal city of Moscow to Tyumen. Its construction will be finished by 2027 and will cost around 612 billion rubles. On 23 May 2020, it became known that according to the latest plans, it is planned to speed up the construction of the highway and hand it over in 2024. The M12's total length will be 1600 km.
The Russian route A121, also known as the Sortavala Highway, is a Russian federal highway from Saint Petersburg to R21 highway in the Republic of Karelia. On the route Saint Petersburg – Sortavala – R21 "Kola" its length is 448 km. In 2017 a 54-km-long road section to Vyartsilya and Finland–Russia border became a part of the A121 highway increasing the total length of the Sortavala Highway to 502 km.
Donaerodorstroy is a Russian company, one of the largest construction companies in the country. It is a part of OJSC "Group of construction companies "DON".
