List of power stations in Hawaii

Sources of Hawaii's utility-scale electricity generation:
full-year 2023 ^[1]

  Petroleum (77%)

  Solar (6.8%)

  Wind (6.8%)

  Geothermal (3.7%)

  Biomass (3%)

  Hydroelectric (0.9%)

  Other (1.9%)

This is a list of electricity-generating power stations in the U.S. state of Hawaii , sorted by type and name. In 2022, Hawaii had a total summer capacity of 2,906 MW through all of its power plants, and a net generation of 9,337 GWh. ^[2] The utility-scale electrical energy generation mix in 2023 was 77% petroleum-derived fuels, 6.8% solar, 6.8% wind, 3.7% geothermal, 3% biomass, 0.9% hydroelectric, and 1.9% other. ^[1] Hawaii's one geothermal plant, which previously supplied about 2% of the state's and 10% of the Big Island's electricity, was offline during 2019 to repair damage from the 2018 lower Puna eruption. The plant came back online in late 2020, slowly ramping up to its full operational level. ^[3]

Small-scale distributed solar including customer-owned photovoltaic panels delivered an additional 1,409 GWh to the six separate electrical grids serving Hawaii's major islands in 2023. ^[1] This was more than twice the amount generated by the state's utility-scale photovoltaic plants. In 2021, solar energy accounted for three-fifths of Hawaii's electricity generation by renewables. The state's renewable portfolio standard is the most ambitious in the U.S. at 30% of capacity by 2020, ramping to 100% by 2045. The large dependence on imported petroleum liquids contributes to Hawaii having the highest average retail electricity prices of any U.S. state. ^[3]

Fossil-fuel power stations

Kahe Power Plant on Farrington Hwy., Kapolei, Oahu

Data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration serves as a general reference. ^[4]

Coal

Hawaii closed its last coal-fired power plant in September 2022. ^[5]

Petroleum

Name	Location	Coordinates	Capacity (MW)	Technology	Year Opened	Refs
Campbell Industrial Park	Honolulu County	21°18′09″N158°06′06″W / 21.3025°N 158.1017°W / 21.3025; -158.1017 (Campbell Industrial Park)	113	Simple Cycle [A]	2009
Gay Robinson	Kauai County	21°55′04″N159°37′46″W / 21.9178°N 159.6294°W / 21.9178; -159.6294 (Gay Robinson)	1.0	Reciprocating Engine (x2)	2010
Hamakua Energy Plant	Hawaii County	20°05′38″N155°28′16″W / 20.0939°N 155.4711°W / 20.0939; -155.4711 (Hamakua)	66	2x1 Combined Cycle	2000
Hana Substation	Maui County	20°45′57″N155°59′46″W / 20.7658°N 155.9961°W / 20.7658; -155.9961 (Hana)	2.0	Reciprocating Engine (x2)	2001
Hawaii Cogen	Honolulu County	21°18′42″N158°06′50″W / 21.3117°N 158.1139°W / 21.3117; -158.1139 (Hawaii Cogen)	12.2	Simple Cycle (x4)	1990/2011
Kahe	Honolulu County	21°21′23″N158°07′44″W / 21.3564°N 158.1289°W / 21.3564; -158.1289 (Kahe)	609.7	Steam Turbine (x6)	1963-1981
Kahului	Maui County	20°53′49″N156°27′46″W / 20.8969°N 156.4627°W / 20.8969; -156.4627 (Kahului)	34	Steam Turbine (x4)	1954-1966
Kalaeloa Cogen Plant	Honolulu County	21°18′08″N158°05′47″W / 21.3021°N 158.0963°W / 21.3021; -158.0963 (Kalaeloa)	299.4	2x1 Combined Cycle	1989/1991
Kanoelehua	Hawaii County	19°42′19″N155°03′45″W / 19.7052°N 155.0625°W / 19.7052; -155.0625 (Kanoelehua)	21	Simple Cycle, Reciprocating Engine	1962, 1972
Kapaia Power Station (KIUC)	Kauai County	21°59′47″N159°22′33″W / 21.9965°N 159.3758°W / 21.9965; -159.3758 (Kapaia Station)	39.1	Simple Cycle [B]	2002	[6] [7]
Keahole	Hawaii County	19°43′54″N156°01′42″W / 19.7317°N 156.0283°W / 19.7317; -156.0283 (Keahole)	89.1	Reciprocating Engine (x3), Simple Cycle, 2x1 Combined Cycle	1984/1988, 1989, 2004/2009
Maalaea	Maui County	20°48′04″N156°29′35″W / 20.8012°N 156.4930°W / 20.8012; -156.4930 (Maalaea)	229.8	Reciprocating Engine (x15), 2x1 Combined Cycle (x2)	1971–1989, 1993/2006
Miki Basin	Maui County	20°47′24″N156°56′03″W / 20.7900°N 156.9342°W / 20.7900; -156.9342 (Miki Basin)	10.2	Reciprocating Engine (x8)	1990/1996
Palaau Power Hybrid	Maui County	21°06′22″N157°03′53″W / 21.1060°N 157.0647°W / 21.1060; -157.0647 (Palaau)	14	Reciprocating Engine (x9), Simple Cycle	1985–1996,
Port Allen	Kauai County	21°53′59″N159°35′06″W / 21.8996°N 159.5850°W / 21.8996; -159.5850 (Port Allen)	99.5	Reciprocating Engine (x9), Steam Turbine, Simple Cycle (x2)	1964–1991, 1969, 1973/1977	[8]
Puna	Hawaii County	19°37′54″N155°01′53″W / 19.6316°N 155.0313°W / 19.6316; -155.0313 (Puna)	39.1	Steam Turbine, Simple Cycle	1988, 1992
Tesoro Hawaii	Honolulu County	21°18′12″N158°05′29″W / 21.3033°N 158.0914°W / 21.3033; -158.0914 (Tesoro)	20	Simple Cycle	1982
Waiau	Honolulu County	21°23′20″N157°57′41″W / 21.3890°N 157.9615°W / 21.3890; -157.9615 (Waiau)	474.6	Steam Turbine (x6), Simple Cycle (x2)	1947–1968, 1973
Waimea	Hawaii County	20°01′31″N155°41′44″W / 20.0252°N 155.6955°W / 20.0252; -155.6955 (Waimea)	7.5	Reciprocating Engine (x3)	1970/1972
W H Hill	Hawaii County	19°42′15″N155°03′39″W / 19.7041°N 155.0607°W / 19.7041; -155.0607 (W H Hill)	37.1	Reciprocating Engine (x3)	1965/1974

^A Campbell burned biomass liquids exclusively from 2011 to 2017 and shifted to primarily burn distillate fuel oil by 2019. ^[9]
B Kapaia station's GE LM2500 gas turbine primarily burned jet fuel from its commissioning until 2008 and has since shifted to burn a mixture of other petroleum distillates. ^[10]

Natural gas

Hawaii had no utility-scale power plants primarily fueled by fossil gas in 2019.

Renewable power stations

Data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration serves as a general reference. ^[4]

Biomass and municipal waste

Name	Location	Coordinates	Capacity (MW)	Primary Fuel	Technology	Year Opened	Refs
Biomass to Energy Facility, Kauai	Kauai County	21°57′55″N159°27′38″W / 21.9653°N 159.4606°W / 21.9653; -159.4606 (Kauai Biomass)	6.7	biofuel, wood	Reciprocating Engine (x2), Steam Turbine	2014, 2016	[11]
H Power	Honolulu County	21°18′00″N158°05′55″W / 21.3000°N 158.0986°W / 21.3000; -158.0986 (H Power)	97.3	Municipal Solid Waste (biogenic and non-biogenic)	Steam Turbine (x2)	1989/2013	[12]
HNL Emergency Power Facility Daniel K. Inouye International Airport	Honolulu County	21°20′11″N157°55′10″W / 21.3364°N 157.9194°W / 21.3364; -157.9194 (HNL EP Facility)	10	biofuel	Reciprocating Engine (x4)	2017	[13]
Schofield Generating Station	Honolulu County	21°28′43″N158°03′29″W / 21.4785°N 158.0581°W / 21.4785; -158.0581 (Schofield)	50.4	biofuel	Reciprocating Engine (x6)	2018	[14]

Geothermal

Name	Location	Coordinates	Capacity (MW)	Technology	Year Opened	Refs
Puna Geothermal Venture I	Hawaii County	19°28′44″N154°53′18″W / 19.4790°N 154.8884°W / 19.4790; -154.8884 (Puna Geothermal)	38	Flash Steam Cycle (x10), Binary Cycle (x2)	1992, 2012

^A The plant was shut down shortly after the start of the May 2018 lower Puna eruption. ^{[15] [16]}

Hydroelectric

Name	Location	Coordinates	Capacity (MW)	Number of Turbines	Year Opened	Refs
Gay Robinson	Kauai County	21°55′04″N159°37′46″W / 21.9178°N 159.6294°W / 21.9178; -159.6294 (Gay Robinson Hydro)	8.7	2	1982/2019
Kaheka Hydro	Maui County	20°53′19″N156°21′25″W / 20.8886°N 156.3569°W / 20.8886; -156.3569 (Kaheka Hydro)	4.5	3	1925
Kalaheo Hydro	Kauai County	21°56′10″N159°31′44″W / 21.9361°N 159.5289°W / 21.9361; -159.5289 (Kalaheo Hydro)	2.0	1	2016
Paia Hydroelectric Plant	Maui County	20°53′12″N156°20′16″W / 20.8867°N 156.3378°W / 20.8867; -156.3378 (Paia Hydro)	1.3	1	1912
Puueo	Hawaii County	19°43′35″N155°05′27″W / 19.7265°N 155.0908°W / 19.7265; -155.0908 (Puueo Hydro)	3.1	2	1918/2005	[17]
Waiau Hydro	Hawaii County	19°43′13″N155°07′08″W / 19.7203°N 155.1189°W / 19.7203; -155.1189 (Waiau Hydro)	1.0	2	1921/1928	[17]
Wailuku River Hydroelectric	Hawaii County	19°42′47″N155°08′55″W / 19.7130°N 155.1486°W / 19.7130; -155.1486 (Wailuku River Hydro)	10.4	2	1993	[17]
Wainiha Hydro	Kauai County	22°11′47″N159°33′22″W / 22.1963°N 159.5561°W / 22.1963; -159.5561 (Wainiha)	3.6	2	1906/2010

Solar photovoltaic

See also: Solar power in Hawaii

Name	Location	Coordinates	Capacity (MWAC)	Year Opened	Refs
Aloha Solar Energy Fund 1 PK1	Honolulu County	21°24′25″N158°09′05″W / 21.4069°N 158.1514°W / 21.4069; -158.1514 (Aloha Solar)	5.0	2017
EE Waianae Solar Project	Honolulu County	21°27′07″N158°11′16″W / 21.4520°N 158.1879°W / 21.4520; -158.1879 (EE Waianae Solar)	27.6	2017
Kalaeloa Renewable Energy Park	Honolulu County	21°19′41″N158°02′24″W / 21.3281°N 158.0400°W / 21.3281; -158.0400 (Kalaeloa RE Park)	5.0	2014
Kalaeloa Solar Two	Honolulu County	21°19′12″N158°05′13″W / 21.3200°N 158.0869°W / 21.3200; -158.0869 (Kalaeloa Solar Two)	5.0	2012
Kapaa Photovoltaic Project	Kauai County	22°04′49″N159°19′54″W / 22.0804°N 159.3316°W / 22.0804; -159.3316 (Kapaa PV)	1.0	2010
Kapolei Solar Energy Park	Honolulu County	21°19′16″N158°07′03″W / 21.3211°N 158.1175°W / 21.3211; -158.1175 (Kapolei Solar)	1.0	2012
Kawailoa Solar	Honolulu County	21°37′26″N158°03′18″W / 21.6240°N 158.0550°W / 21.6240; -158.0550 (Kawailoa Solar)	49	2019
Kekaha Solar	Kauai County	22°00′02″N159°45′44″W / 22.0006°N 159.7621°W / 22.0006; -159.7621 (Kekaha Solar)	14	2019
Kihei Solar Farm	Maui County	20°47′37″N156°26′02″W / 20.7937°N 156.4339°W / 20.7937; -156.4339 (Kihei Solar)	2.9	2018
KIUC Kapaia PV	Kauai County	21°59′50″N159°22′45″W / 21.9973°N 159.3792°W / 21.9973; -159.3792 (KIUC Kapaia PV)	13	2017	[18]
KRS I Anahola Solar Hybrid	Kauai County	22°07′54″N159°18′11″W / 22.1317°N 159.3031°W / 22.1317; -159.3031 (KRS I Anahola Solar)	12	2015	[19]
KRS II Koloa Solar	Kauai County	21°54′03″N159°27′00″W / 21.9008°N 159.4500°W / 21.9008; -159.4500 (KRS II Koloa Solar)	12	2014
Ku'ia Solar	Maui County	20°53′10″N156°39′28″W / 20.8860°N 156.6579°W / 20.8860; -156.6579 (Ku'ia Solar)	2.9	2018
Lanai Solar-Electric Plant	Maui County	20°46′00″N156°55′24″W / 20.7667°N 156.9233°W / 20.7667; -156.9233 (Lanai Solar)	1.2	2008
Lanikuhana Solar LLC	Honolulu County	21°25′43″N158°01′25″W / 21.4287°N 158.0236°W / 21.4287; -158.0236 (Lanikuhana Solar)	14.7	2019
Lawai Solar Hybrid	Kauai County	21°54′30″N159°29′31″W / 21.9082°N 159.4920°W / 21.9082; -159.4920 (Lawai Solar)	20	2018	[20]
Pearl City Peninsula Solar Park	Honolulu County	21°22′32″N157°58′05″W / 21.3756°N 157.9681°W / 21.3756; -157.9681 (Pearl City Peninsula Solar)	1.0	2012
Port Allen Solar	Kauai County	21°54′07″N159°34′54″W / 21.9019°N 159.5817°W / 21.9019; -159.5817 (Port Allen Solar)	6.0	2012
Waikoloa Solar + Storage	Hawaii County		30	2023	[21] [22]
Waihonu North Solar	Honolulu County	21°28′14″N158°00′48″W / 21.4706°N 158.0133°W / 21.4706; -158.0133 (Waihonu North Solar)	5.0	2016
Waihonu South Solar	Honolulu County	21°28′08″N158°00′59″W / 21.4689°N 158.0164°W / 21.4689; -158.0164 (Wihonu South Solar)	1.5	2016
Waipio Solar	Honolulu County	21°27′22″N157°58′55″W / 21.4560°N 157.9820°W / 21.4560; -157.9820 (Waipio Solar)	49.9	2019
Waiawa Solar	Honolulu County		36	2023
West Loch Solar One	Honolulu County	21°20′25″N158°00′54″W / 21.3403°N 158.0151°W / 21.3403; -158.0151 (West Loch Solar One)	20	2019

Wind

See also: Wind power in Hawaii

Wind power in Hawaii

Name	Location	Coordinates	Capacity (MW)	Number of Turbines	Year Opened	Refs
Auwahi Wind Energy Hybrid	Maui County	20°35′46″N156°19′05″W / 20.5960°N 156.3180°W / 20.5960; -156.3180 (Auwahi Wind)	24	8	2012
Hawi Wind Farm	Hawaii County	20°15′26″N155°51′01″W / 20.2573°N 155.8504°W / 20.2573; -155.8504 (Hawi Wind)	10.6	16	2006
Kaheawa Wind Power	Maui County	20°48′51″N156°33′04″W / 20.8142°N 156.5510°W / 20.8142; -156.5510 (Kaheawa Pastures Wind)	30	20	2006
Kaheawa Wind Power II	Maui County	20°47′41″N156°32′10″W / 20.7947°N 156.5360°W / 20.7947; -156.5360 (Kaheawa Wind)	21	14	2012
Kahuku Wind Power	Honolulu County	21°40′52″N157°58′30″W / 21.6810°N 157.9750°W / 21.6810; -157.9750 (Kahuku Wind)	30	12	2011
Kawailoa Wind	Honolulu County	21°36′37″N158°02′27″W / 21.6103°N 158.0408°W / 21.6103; -158.0408 (Kawailoa Wind)	69	30	2012
Pakini Nui Wind Farm	Hawaii County	18°58′27″N155°41′29″W / 18.9742°N 155.6914°W / 18.9742; -155.6914 (Pakini Nui Wind)	21	14	2007
Lalamilo Wells	Hawaii County		3.3	5	2017	[23]
Nā Pua Makani	Honolulu County	21°40′19″N157°57′08″W / 21.67187°N 157.95225°W / 21.67187; -157.95225 (Nā Pua Makani)	24	8	2021	[24]

Nuclear power stations

Hawaii had no utility-scale power plants fueled by fissile material in 2019

Battery storage facilities

Name	Location	Coordinates	Discharge Capacity (MW)	Storage Capacity [A] (MWh)	Year Opened	Refs
Anahola Solar Hybrid	Kauai County	22°07′54″N159°18′11″W / 22.1317°N 159.3031°W / 22.1317; -159.3031 (Anahola Solar BESS)	6	4.6	2015	[19]
Auwahi Wind Storage (A123 BESS)	Maui County	20°35′46″N156°19′05″W / 20.5960°N 156.3180°W / 20.5960; -156.3180 (Auwahi Wind BESS)	11	4.4	2012	[25]
Campbell Industrial Park BESS	Honolulu County (Kapolei)	21°18′23″N158°06′18″W / 21.3064°N 158.1050°W / 21.3064; -158.1050 (Campbell BESS)	1.0	0.25	2016	[26]
Hawi Wind BESS	Hawaii County	20°15′26″N155°51′01″W / 20.2573°N 155.8504°W / 20.2573; -155.8504 (Hawi Wind BESS)	1.0	0.25	2012
Kaheawa Wind II Storage	Maui County	20°47′41″N156°32′10″W / 20.7947°N 156.5360°W / 20.7947; -156.5360 (Kaheawa Wind BESS)	10	20	2012
KIUC Kapaia PV Storage (Tesla BESS)	Kauai County	21°59′50″N159°22′45″W / 21.9973°N 159.3792°W / 21.9973; -159.3792 (Kapaia PV Storage)	13	52	2017	[18]
Lawai Solar Storage (AES Lawai Solar Hybrid)	Kauai County	21°54′30″N159°29′31″W / 21.9082°N 159.4920°W / 21.9082; -159.4920 (Lawai Solar Storage)	20	100	2018	[20]
Palaau Power Hybrid (Molokaii BESS)	Maui County	21°06′22″N157°03′53″W / 21.1060°N 157.0647°W / 21.1060; -157.0647 (Palaau Storage)	2.0	0.375	2017	[27]
Waiawa Solar Storage	Honolulu County		36	144	2023	[28]

^A Battery storage power stations stabilize an electrical grid against fluctuations in solar and wind generation for periods extending from less than a minute to as long as several hours. ^[29]

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• Hawaii portal

References

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