United States congressional delegations from Hawaii

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Map of Hawaii's two congressional districts for the United States House of Representatives since 2022 Hawaii Congressional Districts, 118th Congress.svg
Map of Hawaii's two congressional districts for the United States House of Representatives since 2022

Since Hawaii became a state in 1959, [1] it has sent congressional delegations to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. Each state elects two senators to serve for six years. Members of the House of Representatives are elected to two-year terms, one from each of Hawaii's congressional districts. Before becoming a state, the Territory of Hawaii elected a non-voting delegate at-large to Congress from 1900 to 1958.

Contents

The longest-serving senator was Daniel Inouye, from 1963 to 2012—he served as President pro tempore of the United States Senate from 2010 to 2012 as the longest-serving senator. [2] Patsy Mink was the first woman of color to serve in the House, and the first woman to represent Hawaii in Congress.

Current delegation

Current U.S. senators from Hawaii
Hawaii

CPVI (2022): [3]
D+14
Class I senator Class III senator
Mazie Hirono, official portrait, 113th Congress (cropped).jpg
Mazie Hirono
(Junior senator)
Brian Schatz, official portrait, 113th Congress 2 (cropped).jpg
Brian Schatz
(Senior senator)
PartyDemocraticDemocratic
Incumbent sinceJanuary 3, 2013December 26, 2012

Hawaii's current congressional delegation in the 118th Congress consists of its two senators and two representatives, all of whom are Democrats.

The current dean of the Hawaii delegation is Mazie Hirono, having served in the Senate since 2013 and in Congress since 2007.

Current U.S. representatives from Hawaii
DistrictMember
(Residence) [4]
PartyIncumbent since CPVI
(2022) [5]
District map
1st Ed Case, official portrait, 117th Congress.jpg
Ed Case
(Kāneʻohe)
DemocraticJanuary 3, 2019D+14 Hawaii's 1st congressional district in Honolulu (since 2023).svg
2nd Rep. Jill Tokuda official photo, 118th Congress (1).jpg
Jill Tokuda
(Kāneʻohe)
DemocraticJanuary 3, 2023D+14 Hawaii's 2nd congressional district in Honolulu (since 2023).svg

United States Senate

Each state elects two senators by statewide popular vote every six years. [6] The terms of the two senators are staggered so that they are not elected in the same year, meaning that each seat also has a class determining the years in which the seat will be up for election. Hawaii's senators are elected in classes 1 and 3.

There have been seven senators elected from Hawaii, of whom six have been Democrats and one has been a Republican. Hawaii's current senators, both Democrats, are Mazie Hirono, in office since 2013, and Brian Schatz, in office since 2012.

   Democratic (D)   Republican (R)

Hiram Fong, Hawaii's only Republican senator Hiram Fong.jpg
Hiram Fong, Hawaii's only Republican senator
Daniel Inouye, Hawaii's longest-serving senator from 1963 to 2012 and former President pro tempore of the United States Senate Daniel Inouye Official Photo 2009.jpg
Daniel Inouye, Hawaii's longest-serving senator from 1963 to 2012 and former President pro tempore of the United States Senate


United States Senate
Class I senatorsCongressClass III senators
Hiram Fong (R) 86th (1959–1961) Oren E. Long (D)
87th (1961–1963)
88th (1963–1965) Daniel Inouye (D) [lower-alpha 1]
89th (1965–1967)
90th (1967–1969)
91st (1969–1971)
92nd (1971–1973)
93rd (1973–1975)
94th (1975–1977)
Spark Matsunaga (D) [lower-alpha 2] 95th (1977–1979)
96th (1979–1981)
97th (1981–1983)
98th (1983–1985)
99th (1985–1987)
100th (1987–1989)
101st (1989–1991)
Daniel Akaka (D)
102nd (1991–1993)
103rd (1993–1995)
104th (1995–1997)
105th (1997–1999)
106th (1999–2001)
107th (2001–2003)
108th (2003–2005)
109th (2005–2007)
110th (2007–2009)
111th (2009–2011)
112th (2011–2013)
Brian Schatz (D)
Mazie Hirono (D) 113th (2013–2015)
114th (2015–2017)
115th (2017–2019)
116th (2019–2021)
117th (2021–2023)
118th (2023–2025)

U.S. House of Representatives

Territorial delegates

The Territory of Hawaii was an organized incorporated territory of the United States formed by the Hawaiian Organic Act on April 30, 1900, following the annexation of Hawaii. [10] The territory initially consisted of the Hawaiian Islands, although the Palmyra Atoll was separated from Hawaii when it was admitted into the Union. [11]

The territorial delegates were elected to two-year terms from the at-large congressional district in the Hawaii Territory. Delegates were allowed to serve on committees, debate, and submit legislation, but were not permitted to vote on bills. [12] The first delegate, Robert William Wilcox, [13] took office on December 15, 1900, and the last delegate, John A. Burns, left office on August 21, 1959, succeeded on the same day by representative Daniel Inouye. Delegates only served in the House of Representatives, as there was no representation in the Senate until Hawaii became a state.

   Democratic (D)   Republican (R)   Home Rule (HR)

Robert William Wilcox, the first congressional delegate from Hawaii and the only delegate from the Home Rule Party of Hawaii Robert William Wilcox 1900.jpg
Robert William Wilcox, the first congressional delegate from Hawaii and the only delegate from the Home Rule Party of Hawaii
Elizabeth P. Farrington, a delegate who succeeded her husband after his death Elizabethfarrington.jpg
Elizabeth P. Farrington, a delegate who succeeded her husband after his death
John A. Burns, Hawaii Territory's last delegate before statehood John A. Burns 1966.jpg
John A. Burns, Hawaii Territory's last delegate before statehood
Territorial delegates
CongressDelegate
56th (1899–1901) Robert William Wilcox (HR)
57th (1901–1903)
58th (1903–1905) Jonah Kūhiō
Kalanianaʻole
(R)
59th (1905–1907)
60th (1907–1909)
61st (1909–1911)
62nd (1911–1913)
63rd (1913–1915)
64th (1915–1917)
65th (1917–1919)
66th (1919–1921)
67th (1921–1923) Henry Alexander Baldwin (R)
68th (1923–1925) William Paul Jarrett (D)
69th (1925–1927)
70th (1927–1929) Victor S. K. Houston (R)
71st (1929–1931)
72nd (1931–1933)
73rd (1933–1935) Lincoln Loy McCandless (D)
74th (1935–1937) Samuel Wilder King (R)
75th (1937–1939)
76th (1939–1941)
77th (1941–1943)
78th (1943–1945) Joseph Rider
Farrington
(R) [lower-alpha 3]
79th (1945–1947)
80th (1947–1949)
81st (1949–1951)
82nd (1951–1953)
83rd (1953–1955)
Elizabeth P. Farrington (R)
84th (1955–1957)
85th (1957–1959) John A. Burns (D)
86th (1959–1961)

Representatives from the State of Hawaii

Members of the House of Representatives are elected every two years by popular vote within a congressional district. [15] From in the 86th Congress through the 91st Congress, both of Hawaii's representatives were elected from Hawaii's at-large congressional district, but in 1969, the Hawaii legislature passed a law creating Hawaii's first and second congressional district, which elected representatives to the 92nd Congress. [16] The representatives from the two new districts, Patsy Mink and Spark Matsunaga, were also the last two representatives of the seats in the at-large district. Every ten years, the number of seats in the House apportioned to every state is recalculated based on the state's population as determined by the United States census. [17] Hawaii had one seat until the 1960 United States census allotted Hawaii a second seat, which was first filled by Thomas Gill in the 1962 House elections. [18]

   Democratic (D)   Republican (R)

Patsy Mink, the first woman to represent Hawaii in the United States Congress, and the first woman of color to serve in the United States Congress from any state. Patsy Mink 1970s.jpg
Patsy Mink, the first woman to represent Hawaii in the United States Congress, and the first woman of color to serve in the United States Congress from any state.
Neil Abercrombie, representative from Hawaii from 1986 to 1987 and from 1991 to 2010 Neil Abercrombie.jpg
Neil Abercrombie, representative from Hawaii from 1986 to 1987 and from 1991 to 2010
Tulsi Gabbard, representative from Hawaii and candidate during the 2020 Democratic presidential primaries Tulsi Gabbard by Gage Skidmore.jpg
Tulsi Gabbard, representative from Hawaii and candidate during the 2020 Democratic presidential primaries
Ed Case, incumbent representative from Hawaii since 2019 Ed Case, official portrait, 116th Congress.jpg
Ed Case, incumbent representative from Hawaii since 2019
Representatives from the State of Hawaii
CongressDistrict
Seat A Seat B
86th (1959–1961) Daniel Inouye (D)
87th (1961–1963)
88th (1963–1965) Spark Matsunaga (D) Thomas Gill (D)
89th (1965–1967) Patsy Mink (D)
90th (1967–1969)
91st (1969–1971)
Congress 1st district 2nd district
92nd (1971–1973) Spark Matsunaga (D) Patsy Mink (D)
93rd (1973–1975)
94th (1975–1977)
95th (1977–1979) Cecil Heftel (D) [lower-alpha 4] Daniel Akaka (D) [lower-alpha 5]
96th (1979–1981)
97th (1981–1983)
98th (1983–1985)
99th (1985–1987)
Neil Abercrombie (D) [lower-alpha 6]
100th (1987–1989) Pat Saiki (R)
101st (1989–1991)
Patsy Mink (D) [lower-alpha 7]
102nd (1991–1993) Neil Abercrombie (D) [lower-alpha 8]
103rd (1993–1995)
104th (1995–1997)
105th (1997–1999)
106th (1999–2001)
107th (2001–2003)
Ed Case (D)
108th (2003–2005)
109th (2005–2007)
110th (2007–2009) Mazie Hirono (D)
111th (2009–2011)
Charles Djou (R)
112th (2011–2013) Colleen Hanabusa (D)
113th (2013–2015) Tulsi Gabbard (D)
114th (2015–2017) Mark Takai (D) [lower-alpha 9]
Colleen Hanabusa (D)
115th (2017–2019)
116th (2019–2021) Ed Case (D)
117th (2021–2023) Kai Kahele (D)
118th (2023–2025) Jill Tokuda (D)

See also

Notes

  1. Senator Inouye died while in office. [7] He requested that Representative Colleen Hanabusa be appointed to the seat by Governor Neil Abercrombie, but Abercrombie appointed Brian Schatz to fill the seat. [8]
  2. Senator Matsunaga died while in office. [9]
  3. Delegate Farrington died while in office. [14]
  4. Representative Heftel resigned on July 11, 1986 to unsuccessfully run for Governor of Hawaii. [21]
  5. Representative Akaka resigned on May 16, 1990, to be appointed to the Senate seat vacated upon the death of Senator Spark Matsunaga. [22]
  6. Because of the timing of Rep. Heftel's resignation, the special election to fill Heftel's seat and the primary for the seat's next election were held on the same day. Abercrombie won the special election to fill the seat through the current congressional session, but lost the primary for the general election that would be held in November, rendering him unable to run to finish the term. [23]
  7. Representative Mink died in office. [24]
  8. Representative Abercrombie resigned on February 28, 2010, to run for Governor of Hawaii. [25]
  9. Representative Takai died while in office. [26]

Related Research Articles

Since Alaska became a U.S. state in 1959, it has sent congressional delegations to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. Each state elects two senators to serve for six years, and member(s) of the House to two-year terms. Before becoming a state, the Territory of Alaska elected a non-voting delegate at-large to Congress from 1906 to 1959.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Daniel Akaka</span> American politician (1924-2018)

Daniel Kahikina Akaka was an American educator and politician who served as a United States Senator from Hawaii from 1990 to 2013. A member of the Democratic Party, Akaka was the first U.S. Senator of Native Hawaiian ancestry.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Neil Abercrombie</span> American politician (born 1938)

Neil Abercrombie is an American politician who served as the seventh governor of Hawai'i from 2010 to 2014. He is a member of the Democratic Party.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ed Case</span> American lawyer & politician (born 1952)

Edward Espenett Case is an American lawyer and Democratic politician and since 2019 has served as the U.S. representative for Hawaii's 1st congressional district, which covers the urban core of Honolulu. He represented the 2nd district, which covers the rest of the state, from 2002 to 2007.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spark Matsunaga</span> American politician (1916–1990)

Spark Masayuki Matsunaga was an American politician and attorney who served as United States Senator for Hawaii from 1977 until his death in 1990. Matsunaga also represented Hawaii in the U.S. House of Representatives and served in the Hawaii territorial house of representatives. A member of the Democratic Party, Matsunaga introduced legislation that led to the creation of the United States Institute of Peace and to reparations to Japanese-American World War II detainees.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Patsy Mink</span> American politician (1927–2002)

Patsy Matsu Mink was an American attorney and politician from the U.S. state of Hawaii. She served in the United States House of Representatives for 24 years as a member of the Democratic Party, initially from 1965 to 1977, and again from 1990 until her death in 2002. She was the first woman of color and the first Asian-American woman elected to Congress, and is known for her work on legislation advancing women's rights and education.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pat Saiki</span> American politician (born 1930)

Patricia Hatsue Saiki is an American politician and former educator from Hilo, Hawaii. She served as a Republican in Congress from 1987 to 1991 and then as Administrator of the Small Business Administration under President of the United States George H. W. Bush.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Campbell Cavasso</span> American politician

Campbell "Cam" Cavasso, is an American politician, businessman and perennial candidate. A Republican, Cavasso served three terms in the Hawaii House of Representatives from 1985 to 1991, and would later run for both chambers of the United States Congress in 2004, 2010, 2014, and 2018.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brian Schatz</span> American educator and politician (born 1972)

Brian Emanuel Schatz is an American educator and politician serving as the senior United States senator from Hawaii, a seat he has held since 2012. A member of the Democratic Party, Schatz served in the Hawaii House of Representatives from 1998 to 2006, representing the 25th legislative district; as the chairman of the Democratic Party of Hawaii from 2008 to 2010; and as the 12th lieutenant governor of Hawaii from 2010 to 2012.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Colleen Hanabusa</span> American politician (born 1951)

Colleen Wakako Hanabusa is an American lawyer and politician who served as the U.S. representative for Hawaii's 1st congressional district from 2011 to 2015 and again from 2016 to 2019. A member of the Democratic Party, she ran for her party's nomination for governor of Hawaii in 2018, challenging and losing to incumbent and fellow Democrat David Ige.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2010 Hawaii's 1st congressional district special election</span>

The 2010 special election for the 1st congressional district of Hawaii was a special election to the United States House of Representatives that took place to fill the vacancy caused by Representative Neil Abercrombie's resignation on February 28, 2010 to focus on his campaign for Governor of Hawaii in the 2010 gubernatorial election. Abercrombie planned to not run for re-election in 2010, and many of the candidates that were running for his open seat transferred to the special election. The election was held on May 22, 2010 and Republican Charles Djou won, defeating five Democrats, four fellow Republicans, and four Independent candidates. The main reason for his win was because there were two Democratic candidates instead of one, which split the votes, allowing Djou to win, as Hawaii is an overwhelmingly Democratic state. Djou became the first Republican elected to Congress from Hawaii since Pat Saiki in 1988; Djou volunteered on Saiki's 1988 campaign, and Saiki served as Djou's campaign chair in 2010. As of 2022, this was the last time in which a Republican was elected to Congress from Hawaii.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1976 United States Senate election in Hawaii</span>

The 1976 United States Senate election in Hawaii took place on November 2, 1976. Incumbent Republican U.S. Senator Hiram Fong did not seek re-election to a fourth term. Democrat Spark Matsunaga won the open seat by defeating Republican William Quinn.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2002–03 Hawaii's 2nd congressional district special elections</span> U.S. House special elections in Hawaii

There were two United States House of Representatives special elections in Hawaii's 2nd congressional district within 35 days of each other to select the successor to Democrat Patsy Mink who had died from pneumonia. The elections, held November 30, 2002, and January 4, 2003, were officially nonpartisan and each held as general elections without primaries to pick a successor for the remainder of her term in the 107th Congress and for the next term in the 108th Congress, to which Mink was posthumously re-elected. Both elections were won by Democrat Ed Case.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2016 United States Senate election in Hawaii</span>

The 2016 United States Senate election in Hawaii was held November 8, 2016, concurrently with the 2016 U.S. presidential election as well as other elections to the United States Senate and House of Representatives and various state and local elections. The primaries were held August 13. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Brian Schatz won reelection to his first full term in office, defeating Republican former state legislator John Carroll.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Esther Kiaʻāina</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii</span>

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References

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