119th United States Congress | |
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118th ← → 120th | |
![]() United States Capitol (2023) | |
January 3, 2025 – present | |
Members | 100 senators 435 representatives 6 non-voting delegates |
Senate majority | Republican |
Senate President | Kamala Harris (D) (until January 20, 2025) JD Vance (R) (since January 20, 2025) |
House majority | Republican |
House Speaker | Mike Johnson (R) |
Sessions | |
1st: January 3, 2025 – present |
The 119th United States Congress is the current term of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It convened on January 3, 2025, during the last weeks of Joe Biden's presidency and the first two years of Donald Trump's second presidency.
Following the 2024 elections, the Republican Party retained its slim majority in the House, won the majority in the Senate, and with Trump's second inauguration on January 20, 2025, have an overall federal government trifecta for the first time since the 115th Congress in 2017, which was in session during Trump's first term.
The 119th Congress features the slimmest majority in the House for any party since the 72nd Congress in 1931, and the first openly transgender member of Congress in history (Representative Sarah McBride of Delaware). [1] [2]
In the 2024 elections, the Republican Party retained control of the House of Representatives and gained control of the Senate, while Republican nominee Donald Trump won the presidential election, securing a second non-consecutive term. [3] The results of the election were attributed to economic conditions of voters and concerns over immigration, particularly the Mexico–United States border crisis. [4] [5] [6] [7]
The Senate flipped to a 53–47 Republican majority, and in their leadership elections, John Thune was elected as Mitch McConnell's successor after 18 years. [8] [9]
The House assumed a 220–215 Republican majority, the narrowest controlling majority in House history with the 65th Congress. [10] Mike Johnson was re-elected as speaker on the first ballot after initially not receiving enough votes on the roll call, with the vote remaining open until enough members changed votes to support him. [11]
On January 6, a joint session to count the presidential Electoral College votes. The proceeding were peaceful, four years after the January 6 Capitol attack, in which supporters of Trump entered the Capitol and disrupted Joe Biden's certification as president. In response to the attack and Trump's efforts to overturn the 2020 election, Congress has passed revisions to the Electoral Count Act that prevent the vice president from altering the results. [12]
Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Independent [a] | Republican | |||
End of previous Congress | 47 | 4 | 49 | 100 | 0 |
Begin (January 3, 2025) [b] | 45 | 2 | 52 | 99 | 1 |
January 10, 2025 [c] | 51 | 98 | 2 | ||
January 14, 2025 [d] | 52 | 99 | 1 | ||
January 20, 2025 [e] | 51 | 98 | 2 | ||
January 21, 2025 [c] [e] | 53 | 100 | 0 | ||
Current voting share | 47% | 53% |
Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Republican | |||
End of previous Congress | 210 | 219 | 429 | 6 |
Begin (January 3, 2025) [f] | 215 | 219 | 434 | 1 |
January 20, 2025 [g] | 218 | 433 | 2 | |
Current voting share | 49.7% | 50.3% | ||
Non-voting members | 3 [h] | 3 | 6 | 0 |
Note: Democrats refer to themselves as a "caucus"; Republicans refer to themselves as a "conference".
The numbers refer to their Senate classes. All class 1 seats were contested in the November 2024 elections. In this Congress, class 1 means their term commenced in the current Congress, requiring re-election in 2030; class 2 means their term ends with this Congress, requiring re-election in 2026; and class 3 means their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 2028.
All seats were filled by election in November 2024.
State (class) | Vacated by | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation [n] |
---|---|---|---|---|
West Virginia (1) | Vacant | Senator-elect chose to wait until finishing his term as Governor of West Virginia before taking his seat. [34] | Jim Justice (R) | January 14, 2025 |
Ohio (3) | JD Vance (R) | Incumbent resigned on January 10, 2025, to become Vice President of the United States. [35] [36] Successor was appointed to continue the term until a special election is held in 2026. [37] | Jon Husted (R) | January 21, 2025 [38] |
Florida (3) | Marco Rubio (R) | Incumbent resigned on January 20, 2025, to become United States Secretary of State. [39] Successor was appointed to continue the term until a special election is held in 2026. [40] | Ashley Moody (R) | January 21, 2025 [38] |
District | Vacated by | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation [n] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Florida 1 | Vacant | Matt Gaetz (R) resigned November 13, 2024, before the beginning of this Congress, and declined to take office after being re-elected. [41] A special election will be held on April 1, 2025. | ||
Florida 6 | Michael Waltz (R) | Incumbent resigned on January 20, 2025, to become National Security Advisor. [42] [20] A special election will be held on April 1, 2025. |
Committee | Chair | Vice Chair | Ranking Member | Vice Ranking Member |
---|---|---|---|---|
Economic | Rep. David Schweikert (R-AZ) | Sen. Eric Schmitt (R-MO) | Sen. Maggie Hassan (D-NH) | Rep. Don Beyer (D-VA) |
Inaugural Ceremonies (Special) Until January 20, 2025 | Sen. Amy Klobuchar (D-MN) | Rep. Mike Johnson (R-LA) | Rep. Hakeem Jeffries (D-NY) | Sen. Deb Fischer (R-NE) |
Library | Rep. Bryan Steil (R-WI) | Sen. Mitch McConnell (R-KY) | Sen. Alex Padilla (D-CA) | Rep. Joe Morelle (D-NY) |
Printing | Sen. Mitch McConnell (R-KY) | Rep. Bryan Steil (R-WI) | Rep. Joe Morelle (D-NY) | Sen. Alex Padilla (D-CA) |
Taxation [o] | Rep. Jason Smith (R-MO) | Sen. Mike Crapo (R-ID) | Sen. Ron Wyden (D-OR) | Rep. Richard Neal (D-MA) |