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Elections for the United States House of Representatives are preceded by primary elections. Incumbent representatives often win renomination, although there are some instances of incumbents who lose to a primary challenge. In cases of redistricting, incumbents may run against each other in the same district.
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charles A. Buckley | Democratic | New York 23rd | 1934 | Jonathan B. Bingham | |
| Clifford Davis | Democratic | Tennessee 9th | 1940 | George W. Grider | |
| Carl Elliott | Democratic | Alabama 7th | 1948 | George C. Hawkins | Challenger lost general election | 
| James C. Healey | Democratic | New York 21st | 1956 | James H. Scheuer | |
| John Lesinski Jr. | Democratic | Michigan 16th | 1950 | John Dingell | Lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Gillis William Long | Democratic | Louisiana 8th | 1962 | Speedy Long | |
| Harold M. Ryan | Democratic | Michigan 14th | 1962 | Lucien Nedzi | Lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Victor Wickersham | Democratic | Oklahoma 6th | 1960 | Jed Johnson Jr. | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lindley Beckworth | Democratic | Texas 3rd | 1956 | Ray Roberts | Redistricted to the 4th district ; lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Ralph Harvey | Republican | Indiana 10th | 1960 | Richard L. Roudebush | Lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Joseph W. Martin Jr. | Republican | Massachusetts 10th | 1924 | Margaret Heckler | |
| D. R. Matthews | Democratic | Florida 8th | 1952 | Don Fuqua | Redistricted to the 2nd district ; lost to fellow incumbent | 
| James H. Morrison | Democratic | Louisiana 6th | 1942 | John Rarick | |
| Tom J. Murray | Democratic | Tennessee 7th | 1942 | Ray Blanton | |
| Howard W. Smith | Democratic | Virginia 8th | 1930 | George Rawlings | Challenger lost general election | 
| J. Russell Tuten | Democratic | Georgia 8th | 1962 | W. S. Stuckey Jr. | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| William Henry Harrison III | Republican | Wyoming at-large | 1966 | John S. Wold | |
| Barratt O'Hara | Democratic | Illinois 2nd | 1952 | Abner Mikva | |
| Edwin E. Willis | Democratic | Louisiana 3rd | 1948 | Patrick T. Caffery | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jeffery Cohelan | Democratic | California 7th | 1958 | Ron Dellums | |
| Glenn Cunningham | Republican | Nebraska 2nd | 1956 | John Y. McCollister | |
| George Hyde Fallon | Democratic | Maryland 4th | 1944 | Paul Sarbanes | |
| Leonard Farbstein | Democratic | New York 19th | 1956 | Bella Abzug | |
| Michael A. Feighan | Democratic | Ohio 20th | 1942 | James V. Stanton | |
| Samuel Friedel | Democratic | Maryland 7th | 1952 | Parren Mitchell | |
| Jacob H. Gilbert | Democratic | New York 22nd | 1960 | James H. Scheuer | Lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Philip J. Philbin | Democratic | Massachusetts 3rd | 1942 | Robert Drinan | Ran as an independent in the general election and lost | 
| Adam Clayton Powell Jr. | Democratic | New York 18th | 1944 | Charles Rangel | |
| Byron G. Rogers | Democratic | Colorado 1st | 1950 | Craig S. Barnes | Challenger lost general election | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glenn Robert Davis | Republican | Wisconsin 9th | 1964 | Bob Kasten | |
| John William Davis | Democratic | Georgia 7th | 1960 | Larry McDonald | |
| Orval H. Hansen | Republican | Idaho 2nd | 1968 | George V. Hansen | |
| John Rarick | Democratic | Louisiana 6th | 1966 | Jeff La Caze | Challenger lost general election | 
| Bertram L. Podell | Democratic | New York 13th | 1968 | Stephen Solarz | |
| Frank Stubblefield | Democratic | Kentucky 1st | 1958 | Carroll Hubbard | |
| Robert Tiernan | Democratic | Rhode Island 2nd | 1967 | Edward Beard | |
| Lawrence G. Williams | Republican | Pennsylvania 7th | 1966 | Stephen J. McEwen Jr. | Challenger lost general election | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | 
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andrew J. Hinshaw | Republican | California 40th | 1972 | Robert Badham | 
| Ray Madden | Democratic | Indiana 1st | 1942 | Adam Benjamin Jr. | 
| Otto Passman | Democratic | Louisiana 5th | 1946 | Jerry Huckaby | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| John B. Breckinridge | Democratic | Kentucky 6th | 1972 | Charles T. Easterly | Challenger lost general election | 
| Dale Milford | Democratic | Texas 24th | 1972 | Martin Frost | |
| Robert N. C. Nix Sr. | Democratic | Pennsylvania 2nd | 1958 | William H. Gray III | |
| Ted Risenhoover | Democratic | Oklahoma 2nd | 1974 | Mike Synar | |
| John Andrew Young | Democratic | Texas 14th | 1956 | Joseph P. Wyatt Jr. | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| John Hall Buchanan Jr. | Republican | Alabama 6th | 1964 | Albert L. Smith Jr. | |
| Robert B. Duncan | Democratic | Oregon 3rd | 1974 | Ron Wyden | |
| Richard Kelly | Republican | Florida 5th | 1974 | Bill McCollum | |
| Edward J. Stack | Democratic | Florida 12th | 1978 | Alan S. Becker | Challenger lost general election | 
| Bennett Stewart | Democratic | Illinois 1st | 1978 | Harold Washington | |
| Charles H. Wilson | Democratic | California 31st | 1962 | Mervyn Dymally | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ed Derwinski | Republican | Illinois 4th | 1958 | George M. O'Brien | Lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Billy Lee Evans | Democratic | Georgia 8th | 1976 | J. Roy Rowland | |
| David W. Evans | Democratic | Indiana 6th | 1974 | Andrew Jacobs Jr. | Redistricted to the 11th district ; lost to fellow incumbent | 
| John G. Fary | Democratic | Illinois 5th | 1975 | Bill Lipinski | |
| Wayne R. Grisham | Republican | California 33rd | 1978 | David Dreier | Lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Gary A. Lee | Republican | New York 33rd | 1978 | George C. Wortley | Redistricted to the 27th district ; lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Ronald M. Mottl | Democratic | Ohio 23rd | 1974 | Ed Feighan | Redistricted to the 19th district | 
| Tom Railsback | Republican | Illinois 19th | 1966 | Kenneth G. McMillan | Redistricted to the 17th district ; challenger lost general election | 
| Joseph F. Smith | Democratic | Pennsylvania 3rd | 1981 | Thomas M. Foglietta | Redistricted to the 1st district ; lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | 
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Katie Hall | Democratic | Indiana 1st | 1982 | Pete Visclosky | 
| Frank Harrison | Democratic | Pennsylvania 11th | 1982 | Paul Kanjorski | 
| Abraham Kazen | Democratic | Texas 23rd | 1966 | Albert Bustamante | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neil Abercrombie | Democratic | Hawaii 1st | 1986 | Mufi Hannemann | Challenger lost general election | 
| Mark D. Siljander | Republican | Michigan 4th | 1981 | Fred Upton | |
| Alton Waldon | Democratic | New York 6th | 1986 | Floyd Flake | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | 
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ernie Konnyu | Republican | California 12th | 1986 | Tom Campbell | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buz Lukens | Republican | Ohio 8th | 1986 | John Boehner | Resigned | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lucien Blackwell | Democratic | Pennsylvania 2nd | 1991 | Chaka Fattah | |
| David A. Levy | Republican | New York 4th | 1992 | Dan Frisa | |
| Mike Synar | Democratic | Oklahoma 2nd | 1978 | Virgil Cooper | Challenger lost general election | 
| Craig Washington | Democratic | Texas 18th | 1989 | Sheila Jackson Lee | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | 
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barbara-Rose Collins | Democratic | Michigan 15th | 1990 | Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick | 
| Greg Laughlin | Republican | Texas 14th | 1988 | Ron Paul | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | 
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jay Kim | Republican | California 41st | 1992 | Gary Miller | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Merrill Cook | Republican | Utah 2nd | 1996 | Derek Smith | Challenger lost general election | 
| Michael Forbes | Democratic | New York 1st | 1994 | Regina Seltzer | Elected as a Republican in 1998; ran as independent in the general election and lost; challenger lost general election | 
| Matthew G. Martínez | Democratic | California 31st | 1982 | Hilda Solis | Later defected to the Republican Party | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bob Barr | Republican | Georgia 7th | 1994 | John Linder | Lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Gary Condit | Democratic | California 18th | 1989 | Dennis Cardoza | |
| Earl Hilliard | Democratic | Alabama 7th | 1992 | Artur Davis | |
| Brian Kerns | Republican | Indiana 7th | 2000 | Steve Buyer | Redistricted to the 4th district ; lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Frank Mascara | Democratic | Pennsylvania 20th | 1994 | John Murtha | Redistricted to the 12th district ; lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Cynthia McKinney | Democratic | Georgia 4th | 1992 | Denise Majette | |
| Lynn Rivers | Democratic | Michigan 13th | 1994 | John Dingell | Redistricted to the 15th district ; lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Tom Sawyer | Democratic | Ohio 14th | 1986 | Tim Ryan | Redistricted to the 17th district | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chris Bell | Democratic | Texas 25th | 2002 | Al Green | Redistricted to the 9th district | 
| Ciro Rodriguez | Democratic | Texas 28th | 1997 | Henry Cuellar | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cynthia McKinney | Democratic | Georgia 4th | 2004 | Hank Johnson | |
| Joe Schwarz | Republican | Michigan 7th | 2004 | Tim Walberg | Lost general election as a write-in | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chris Cannon | Republican | Utah 3rd | 1996 | Jason Chaffetz | |
| David Davis | Republican | Tennessee 1st | 2006 | Phil Roe | |
| Wayne Gilchrest | Republican | Maryland 1st | 1990 | Andy Harris | Challenger lost general election | 
| Albert Wynn | Democratic | Maryland 4th | 1992 | Donna Edwards | Resigned; challenger elected to finish term | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parker Griffith | Republican | Alabama 5th | 2008 | Mo Brooks | Elected as a Democrat and switched parties in 2009 | 
| Bob Inglis | Republican | South Carolina 4th | 2004 | Trey Gowdy | |
| Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick | Democratic | Michigan 13th | 1996 | Hansen Clarke | |
| Alan Mollohan | Democratic | West Virginia 1st | 1982 | Mike Oliverio | Challenger lost general election | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sandy Adams | Republican | Florida 24th | 2010 | John Mica | Redistricted to the 7th district ; lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Jason Altmire | Democratic | Pennsylvania 4th | 2006 | Mark Critz | Redistricted to the 12th district ; lost to fellow incumbent; challenger lost general election | 
| Russ Carnahan | Democratic | Missouri 3rd | 2004 | Lacy Clay | Redistricted to the 1st district ; lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Hansen Clarke | Democratic | Michigan 13th | 2010 | Gary Peters | Redistricted to the 14th district ; lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Tim Holden | Democratic | Pennsylvania 17th | 1992 | Matt Cartwright | |
| Dennis Kucinich | Democratic | Ohio 10th | 1996 | Marcy Kaptur | Redistricted to the 9th district ; lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Don Manzullo | Republican | Illinois 16th | 1992 | Adam Kinzinger | Lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Ben Quayle | Republican | Arizona 3rd | 2010 | David Schweikert | Redistricted to the 6th district ; lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Silvestre Reyes | Democratic | Texas 16th | 1996 | Beto O'Rourke | |
| Steve Rothman | Democratic | New Jersey 9th | 1996 | Bill Pascrell | Lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Jean Schmidt | Republican | Ohio 2nd | 2005 | Brad Wenstrup | |
| Cliff Stearns | Republican | Florida 6th | 1988 | Ted Yoho | Redistricted to the 3rd district | 
| John Sullivan | Republican | Oklahoma 1st | 2002 | Jim Bridenstine | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kerry Bentivolio | Republican | Michigan 11th | 2012 | Dave Trott | |
| Eric Cantor | Republican | Virginia 7th | 2000 | Dave Brat | Only sitting Majority Leader to have ever lost a primary. Resigned; challenger elected to finish term | 
| Ralph Hall | Republican | Texas 4th | 1980 | John Ratcliffe | |
| Vance McAllister | Republican | Louisiana 5th | 2013 | Ralph Abraham | Lost in blanket primary | 
| John F. Tierney | Democratic | Massachusetts 6th | 1996 | Seth Moulton | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Corrine Brown | Democratic | Florida 5th | 1992 | Al Lawson | |
| Renee Ellmers | Republican | North Carolina 2nd | 2010 | George Holding | Lost to fellow incumbent | 
| Chaka Fattah | Democratic | Pennsylvania 2nd | 1994 | Dwight Evans | Resigned; challenger elected to finish term | 
| Randy Forbes | Republican | Virginia 4th | 2001 | Scott Taylor | Redistricted to the 2nd district | 
| Tim Huelskamp | Republican | Kansas 1st | 2010 | Roger Marshall | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | Ref | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Madeleine Bordallo | Democratic | Guam at-large | 2002 | Michael San Nicolas | [1] | |
| Mike Capuano | Democratic | Massachusetts 7th | 1998 | Ayanna Pressley | [2] | |
| Joe Crowley | Democratic | New York 14th | 1998 | Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez | Lost general election under new party | [2] | 
| Robert Pittenger | Republican | North Carolina 9th | 2012 | Mark Harris | General election voided | [3] | 
| Mark Sanford | Republican | South Carolina 1st | 2013 | Katie Arrington | Challenger lost general election | [4] | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | Ref | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lacy Clay | Democratic | Missouri 1st | 2000 | Cori Bush | [5] | |
| Eliot Engel | Democratic | New York 16th | 1988 | Jamaal Bowman | [6] | |
| Steve King | Republican | Iowa 4th | 2002 | Randy Feenstra | [7] | |
| Dan Lipinski | Democratic | Illinois 3rd | 2004 | Marie Newman | [8] | |
| Denver Riggleman | Republican | Virginia 5th | 2018 | Bob Good | Lost in party convention | [9] | 
| Ross Spano | Republican | Florida 15th | 2018 | Scott Franklin | [10] | |
| Scott Tipton | Republican | Colorado 3rd | 2010 | Lauren Boebert | [11] | |
| Steve Watkins | Republican | Kansas 2nd | 2018 | Jake LaTurner | [12] | 
| Member | Party | District | First elected | Challenger | Notes | Ref | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jamaal Bowman | Democratic | New York 16th | 2020 | George Latimer | [27] | |
| Cori Bush | Democratic | Missouri 1st | 2020 | Wesley Bell | [28] | |
| Jerry Carl | Republican | Alabama 1st | 2020 | Barry Moore | Lost to fellow incumbent | [29] | 
| Bob Good | Republican | Virginia 5th | 2020 | John McGuire | [30] |