Jamaal Bowman

Last updated

Jamaal Bowman
Jamaal Bowman 117th U.S Congress.jpg
Member of the U.S.HouseofRepresentatives
from New York's 16th district
Incumbent
Assumed office
January 3, 2021
Bowman's voice
Bowman honoring Caribbean American Heritage Month
Recorded June 22, 2022

Jamaal Anthony Bowman (born April 1, 1976) is an American politician and former educator serving as the United States representative for New York's 16th congressional district since 2021.

Contents

Bowman is the founder and former principal of the Cornerstone Academy for Social Action, a public middle school in Eastchester, Bronx. He defeated 16-term incumbent Eliot Engel in the 2020 Democratic primary and was first elected to Congress in November that year. He is a member of the Squad, an informal group of leftist members of the House Democratic Caucus.

On October 26, 2023, Bowman pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor for willfully setting off a false fire alarm in the Cannon House Office Building. In exchange for his guilty plea, the charge was dropped. On December 7, the House of Representatives voted 214–191 to censure him for the fire alarm incident. [1] [2] In 2024, Bowman ran for reelection [3] but lost to Westchester County executive George Latimer in the district's Democratic primary. [4] [5] [6] Bowman is the first of two Democratic incumbents of the 2024 election cycle to lose his primary along with Cori Bush. He also is the first member of the Squad to lose a primary. [7] [8]

Early life and education

Jamaal Anthony Bowman [9] was born on April 1, 1976, [10] in Manhattan, a borough of New York City. He lived with his grandmother in the East River Houses in East Harlem during the week, and on weekends with his mother and sisters in Yorkville on the Upper East Side. His grandmother died when he was eight years old, after which he lived full time on the Upper East Side. [11] [12] At age 16, he moved with his family to Sayreville, New Jersey. [12] He attended Sayreville War Memorial High School, where he played on the football team. [13]

Bowman briefly attended Potomac State Junior College in West Virginia before earning a Bachelor of Arts in sports management from the University of New Haven in 1999. [14] At the University of New Haven, he played college football as a linebacker for the New Haven Chargers. [15] [16] Bowman later earned a Master of Arts in counseling from Mercy College and a Doctor of Education in educational leadership from Manhattanville College. [17]

Teaching career

After earning his undergraduate degree, Bowman decided not to pursue a career in sports management. Upon the suggestion of a family friend who worked for the New York City Department of Education, Bowman began working as an educator. His first job was as a crisis management teacher in a South Bronx elementary school. [12] In 2009, he founded Cornerstone Academy for Social Action, a public middle school in the Bronx. [11] [12]

As principal of Cornerstone Academy for Social Action, Bowman curated a "wall of honor" featuring likenesses of prominent Black, Latino, and Asian individuals. Its honorees included Martin Luther King Jr., Sonia Sotomayor, Cynthia McKinney, Mutulu Shakur, and Assata Shakur. [18] [19] [20] HuffPost political reporter Daniel Marans criticized Bowman for including "a notorious antisemite and two Black militants convicted of murder and armed robbery"; Bowman's campaign spokesperson responded that it is "a rhetorical tool of the far right to insinuate educating students on major figures of Black American history is serving to promote hateful or divisive rhetoric or actions." [18] Bowman later condemned McKinney's statements as antisemitic. [21]

Bowman became a leading advocate against standardized testing, calling it "slavery". [22] [23] [24] His blog on the role of standardized testing received national attention. [22] He wrote that high-stakes testing had a role in perpetuating inequalities, [25] including turnover, tumult, and a vicious cycle it creates in students' and educators' lives, saying performance assessments damage a school's ability to teach.

Bowman also advocated for children to receive arts, history, and science education in addition to the basics of literacy and numeracy. [22] Bowman's school policy used a restorative justice model to address the school-to-prison pipeline. [26] After 10 years as principal, he left the job to focus on his congressional campaign. [27]

U.S. House of Representatives

Elections

2020

The progressive Justice Democrats recruited Bowman to run for the United States House of Representatives in New York's 16th congressional district , represented by 16-term incumbent Eliot Engel. [28] Engel had served as a member of the House since 1989 and as chair of the United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs since the first session of the 116th United States Congress. Bowman was inspired to run by the insurgent 2018 campaign of Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, and called his platform "anti-poverty and anti-racist", with support for housing, criminal justice reform, education, Medicare for All, and a Green New Deal. [29] No Republican even filed, meaning that whoever won the Democratic primary was virtually assured of victory in November. Registered Democrats in the district outnumbered registered Republicans by more than four to one, so a Republican challenger would have faced very steep odds in any case. [30]

Bowman's campaign criticized Engel's record on foreign policy and response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Bowman's endorsements from the Sunrise Movement and the New York Working Families Party assisted with fundraising despite being well behind Engel. [31] He was also endorsed by Ocasio-Cortez, Bernie Sanders, Elizabeth Warren, and the editorial board of The New York Times . [28] [32]

Bowman won the primary on July 17, 2020, with 55% of the vote. [33] [30] In the general election, he defeated Conservative nominee Patrick McManus with 84% of the vote. [34]

2022

Bowman was challenged in the Democratic primary by Westchester County legislator Vedat Gashi, who was endorsed by Bowman's predecessor and 2020 primary opponent, Eliot Engel. [35] Bowman won the primary with 54% of the vote, and the general election with 64% of the vote. [36]

2024

A frequent critic of U.S. support for Israel during the Gaza-Israel conflict, Bowman was challenged by pro-Israel Westchester County Executive George Latimer in the Democratic primary. [37] [38] The New York Times called the contest "a marquee showcase of the party's divisions over the Israel-Hamas war". [39]

The primary was the most expensive House of Representatives primary in U.S. history, with $15 million in outside spending benefiting Latimer's campaign. [4] Much of the outside spending came from groups affiliated with the pro-Israel American Israel Public Affairs Committee. [40] [3] [41] Latimer defeated Bowman, 58.59% to 41.41%. [42]

Tenure

Bowman with Vice President Kamala Harris and Secretary Xavier Becerra V20211022LJ-0225 (51762000689).jpg
Bowman with Vice President Kamala Harris and Secretary Xavier Becerra

Upon his swearing-in, Bowman joined The Squad, a group of progressive Democratic lawmakers. [43] [44] [45] He has been described as far left. [46] [47]

In January 2021, following the storming of the United States Capitol, Bowman introduced the Congressional Oversight of Unjust Policing Act (COUP Act) to establish a commission to investigate how United States Capitol Police handled the storming of the Capitol and to look at potential ties of some of its members to white nationalism. [48] Bowman said that introducing the bill was "critical when you look at the disparity in terms of how the Capitol Police responded to the insurrection on Wednesday, versus how they responded to—not just [Black Lives Matter] protestors this summer, but other people of color, and people who are disabled, historically". [49] The legislation came after Nancy Pelosi and Chuck Schumer called for the Capitol Police chief's resignation. [50]

On November 5, 2021, Bowman was one of six House Democrats to break with their party and vote against the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act because it did not include the Build Back Better Act. [51] [52]

Bowman was among the 46 House Democrats who voted against final passage of the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023. [53]

Fire alarm incident and House censure

Bowman pulling the alarm Jamaal Bowman pulling alarm.jpg
Bowman pulling the alarm

On September 30, 2023, while House Democrats were attempting to delay a vote on a continuing resolution to fund the government ahead of a midnight deadline,[ citation needed ] Bowman pulled a fire alarm in the Cannon House Office Building, causing the building to be evacuated for an hour and a half. [54] Bowman initially claimed that he had set off the alarm by accident, telling reporters, "I thought the alarm would open the door". [55] [56] His office released "suggested talking points" for political allies, which reiterated the claim that the alarm was an accident and called some Republicans "Nazis", language Bowman said he had not approved. [57] [58] [59] Then-House Speaker Kevin McCarthy alleged that the fire alarm was a delaying tactic, and promised punishment for Bowman. Other House Republicans suggested measures ranging from censure to expulsion. [60] [61]

After a Capitol Police investigation, Bowman accepted a deal in which he pleaded guilty to the misdemeanor crime of willfully or knowingly falsely pulling a fire alarm, paid the maximum fine of $1,000, and wrote a letter of apology to police; in exchange, prosecutors agreed to drop the charges against him after three months. [62] [63] [64]

On December 7, 2023, the House censured Bowman for the incident by a 214–191 vote, with three Democrats joining Republicans in censuring him. [65] Afterwards, the House Ethics Committee dropped its review of Bowman's actions as moot. [66]

Foreign and defense policy

In September 2021, Bowman voted in favor of providing Israel with an additional $1 billion in aid to fund its Iron Dome missile defense system. [67] His vote was controversial among members of the Democratic Socialists of America (DSA), and sparked debate within the DSA about whether it should require that its members support Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions against Israel. [68] A spokesman confirmed in October 2023 that Bowman had let his DSA membership expire in 2022 following DSA's response to his vote. [69] But in May 2024, Bowman rejoined the organization and was endorsed by its New York City chapter. [70] [71] This came as he faced a strong primary challenge from George Latimer, who was endorsed by many pro-Israel lobby groups. [72] [73]

Bowman was among 51 House Democrats who voted against the final passage of the 2022 National Defense Authorization Act. Explaining his vote, he said, "it is astounding how quickly Congress moves weapons but we can't ensure housing, care, and justice for our veterans, nor invest in robust jobs programs for districts like mine." [74] [75]

On July 18, 2023, Bowman and eight other progressive Democrats voted against a congressional non-binding resolution proposed by August Pfluger that "the State of Israel is not a racist or apartheid state", that Congress rejects "all forms of antisemitism and xenophobia", and that "the United States will always be a staunch partner and supporter of Israel". [76]

On October 25, Bowman and eight other progressive Democrats, along with Republican Thomas Massie, voted against a resolution supporting Israel following the October 7 Hamas-led attack on the country. [77] [78]

On November 17, Bowman called reports of Israeli women being raped during the 2023 Hamas attack "propaganda" and a "lie". After Politico reached out to his office about his statements in March 2024, Bowman retracted his previous remarks. [79] [80] Bowman apologized in June 2024, saying, "Immediately when the U.N. provided additional evidence, I voted to condemn the sexual violence." [81] [82]

Liberal Israel lobby group J Street withdrew its endorsement of Bowman on January 29, 2024, citing the "framing and approach" of his response to the Hamas attack. J Street President Jeremy Ben-Ami said that Bowman had "gone too far". [83]

Committee assignments

Caucus memberships

Electoral history

2020

2020 Democratic primary results in New York's 16th congressional district [87]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Jamaal Bowman49,36755.4
Democratic Eliot Engel (incumbent)36,14940.6
Democratic Chris Fink1,6251.8
Democratic Sammy Ravelo1,1391.3
Democratic Andom Ghebreghiorgis (withdrawn)7610.9
Total votes89,041 100.0
2020 general election results in New York's 16th congressional district [88]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic Jamaal Bowman 218,471 84.2
Conservative Patrick McManus41,08515.8
Total votes259,556 100.0
Democratic hold

2022

2022 Democratic primary results in New York's 16th congressional district [89]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic Jamaal Bowman (incumbent) 21,643 54.2
Democratic Vedat Gashi10,00925.0
Democratic Catherine Parker7,50318.8
Democratic Mark Jaffee6081.5
Total votes39,961 100.0
2022 general election results in New York's 16th congressional district [90]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic Jamaal Bowman (incumbent) 133,567 64.2
Republican Miriam Flisser74,15635.7
Total votes207,723 100.0

2024

2024 Democratic primary results in New York's 16th congressional district [91]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic George Latimer 45,909 58.59%
Democratic Jamaal Bowman (incumbent)32,44041.41%
Total votes78,349 100.00%

Personal life

Bowman lives with his wife, Melissa Oppenheimer, and their three children in Yonkers, New York. [11] [92] His wife was upset about his decision to run for office for "the first eleven months", Bowman said on an episode of The Carlos Watson Show. [93]

Bowman is a fan of New York hip-hop group Wu-Tang Clan. He described hip-hop as a "culture that is created by teenagers who were forgotten about, and because they were forgotten about, they were forced to come together and create something beautiful". [94] Bowman drew inspiration from the Wu-Tang Clan during his underdog campaign, [95] and has frequently been seen in a Wu-Tang Clan emblazoned face covering during the COVID-19 pandemic, [95] [96] [97] which GQ noted allowed Bowman to send voters a message. [98]

From 2011 to 2014, Bowman maintained a blog on which he promoted 9/11 conspiracy theories. After the blog was reported on by The Daily Beast , Bowman said he regretted his posts. [99] [100] [101] In May 2024, The Daily Beast revealed that Bowman's personal YouTube account was subscribed to dozens of fringe conspiracy channels, at least several of which he had subscribed to since being elected to Congress. In response, Bowman denied knowledge of any of the channels or their content. [102]

See also

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References

  1. ↑ Guo, Kayla (December 7, 2023). "House Censures Jamaal Bowman for False Fire Alarm". The New York Times– via NYTimes.com.
  2. ↑ "Roll Call 706 - Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives - Vote Details".
  3. 1 2 Reisman, Nick; Mendez, Rich; Ngo, Emily (June 25, 2024). "Jamaal Bowman is ousted in most expensive House primary ever". Politico . Retrieved June 25, 2024.
  4. 1 2 "Bowman Falls". The New York Times . Archived from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved June 25, 2024.
  5. ↑ Lacy, Akela (June 25, 2024). "Half-Hearted Efforts by Democratic Leaders Couldn't Save Jamaal Bowman From AIPAC's Attacks". The Intercept. Retrieved August 1, 2024.
  6. ↑ Fandos, Nicholas (June 20, 2024). "AIPAC Unleashes a Record $14.5 Million Bid to Defeat a Critic of Israel". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved August 1, 2024.
  7. ↑ Waddick, Karissa (June 25, 2024). "Jamaal Bowman becomes first member of the 'Squad' to lose 2024 primary as Democrats divide over Israel". USA Today . Retrieved June 25, 2024.
  8. ↑ "Latimer ousts 'Squad' member Bowman in Democratic primary in New York". The Washington Post . June 25, 2024.
  9. ↑ "Jamaal Anthony Bowman" . Retrieved March 27, 2021.
  10. ↑ "Rep.-elect Jamaal Bowman (D-N.Y.-16)". The Hill . November 30, 2020. Retrieved June 26, 2024.
  11. 1 2 3 Carp, Alex (June 17, 2020). "Jamaal Bowman Takes the Lead". New York . Archived from the original on June 17, 2020. Retrieved June 18, 2020.
  12. 1 2 3 4 Johnson, Stephon (December 8, 2016). "Jamaal Bowman stumbled into education and doesn't regret it". New York Amsterdam News . Archived from the original on June 15, 2020. Retrieved June 14, 2020.
  13. ↑ Tufaro, Greg (October 27, 1993). "Bowman practices what he preaches: Sayreville senior stars on defense". The Central New Jersey Home News. p. C2. Archived from the original on June 21, 2020. Retrieved June 18, 2020– via Newspapers.com.
  14. ↑ "LCV Action Fund and New York LCV Endorse Jamaal Bowman for Congress". League of Conservation Voters. Archived from the original on December 4, 2020. Retrieved November 26, 2020.
  15. ↑ Konick Jr., Emery (July 22, 1998). "Clark anxious for gridiron return: Part of talented cast at U. of New Haven". The Central New Jersey Home News. p. B5. Archived from the original on June 20, 2020. Retrieved June 18, 2020– via Newspapers.com.
  16. ↑ "Jamaal Bowman". New Haven Chargers. Retrieved October 8, 2023.
  17. ↑ Woyton, Michael (June 18, 2020). "Jamaal Bowman: Candidate For NY Congressional District 16". Bronxville-Eastchester, NY Patch. Archived from the original on June 19, 2020. Retrieved June 18, 2020.
  18. 1 2 "Rep. Jamaal Bowman Featured Black Revolutionary Convicted Of Murder On Middle School's "Wall Of Honor"". HuffPost. February 8, 2024.
  19. ↑ "Rep. Bowman's defense of including Louis Farrakhan in Westchester mural sparks outrage". New York Daily News. March 10, 2024.
  20. ↑ "Congressman Bowman "Refuses to Denounce" His Decision to Place a Cop Killer on the Wall of Heroes". Yonkers Times. February 26, 2024.
  21. ↑ Silkoff, Shira (June 29, 2021). "Former Democratic Congresswoman claims Jews caused 9/11 on Twitter". The Jerusalem Post . Retrieved August 14, 2024.
  22. 1 2 3 Tampio, Nicholas (2018). Common Core: National Education Standards and the Threat to Democracy. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 157–159. ISBN   978-1-4214-2464-4. Archived from the original on June 27, 2020. Retrieved June 19, 2020.
  23. ↑ deMause, Neil (March 28, 2016). "Low-Income Parents Are Caught Between the Growing Opt-Out Movement and the City's Attempts to Clamp Down on Dissent". Village Voice . Archived from the original on June 15, 2020. Retrieved June 14, 2020.
  24. ↑ Sobczyk, Nick (January 5, 2021). "Jamaal Bowman gives Green New Dealers another national voice". E&E News by POLITICO. Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  25. ↑ Sahlberg, Pasi; Doyle, William (2019). Let the Children Play: How More Play Will Save Our Schools and Help Children Thrive. Oxford University Press. pp. 169–170. ISBN   978-0-19-093216-9. Archived from the original on August 12, 2020. Retrieved June 19, 2020.
  26. ↑ Chávez, Aída; Lacy, Akela (June 18, 2019). "Hawkish Democrat Rep. Eliot Engel Is Facing Two Primary Challengers". The Intercept . Archived from the original on March 9, 2021. Retrieved June 13, 2020.
  27. ↑ Lacy, Akela (May 26, 2020). "At Debate, Progressive Jamaal Bowman Hits Israel Hawk Eliot Engel's Defense Industry Backing". The Intercept . Archived from the original on April 16, 2021. Retrieved June 13, 2020.
  28. 1 2 McKinley, Jesse (June 17, 2020). "Top Democrats Are Trying to Stop This Man From Becoming the Next A.O.C." The New York Times . Archived from the original on June 17, 2020. Retrieved June 18, 2020.
  29. ↑ Cochrane, Emily (June 18, 2019). "Bronx Principal to Challenge Eliot Engel, Powerful House Democrat, From the Left". The New York Times . Archived from the original on June 17, 2020. Retrieved June 19, 2020.
  30. 1 2 McKinley, Jesse (July 17, 2020). "Jamaal Bowman, Progressive Insurgent, Defeats Eliot Engel in House Primary". The New York Times . Archived from the original on July 17, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
  31. ↑ Lacy, Akela (June 1, 2020). "In Final Stretch, Progressives Coalesce Around a Single Challenger to Rep. Eliot Engel". The Intercept . Archived from the original on June 13, 2020. Retrieved June 13, 2020.
  32. ↑ The New York Times Editorial Board (June 12, 2020). "New York Voters Can Send Some Promising New Faces to Congress". The New York Times . Archived from the original on June 19, 2020. Retrieved June 19, 2020.
  33. ↑ "Jamaal Bowman: Political newcomer shakes up NY 'status quo'". BBC . June 25, 2020. Archived from the original on July 14, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
  34. ↑ "New York Election results". CNN . November 2020. Archived from the original on December 7, 2020. Retrieved December 7, 2020.
  35. ↑ Miller, Jacob (August 4, 2022). "Vedat Gashi gains Engel's endorsement in bid to oust Bowman". Jewish Insider. Retrieved May 29, 2024.
  36. ↑ "House District 16: New York". CNN. Retrieved May 29, 2024.
  37. ↑ Campanile, Carl (April 3, 2024). "Rep. Jamaal Bowman trails rival George Latimer by 17 points". New York Post . Retrieved April 4, 2024.
  38. ↑ Fernandez, Madison (April 3, 2024). "Pro-Israel group looks to oust 2 members of 'the Squad'". Politico. Retrieved April 3, 2024.
  39. ↑ Fandos, Nicholas (June 15, 2024). "Progressive Democrats Scramble to Save One of Their Stars From Defeat" . The New York Times. Retrieved June 15, 2024.
  40. ↑ Krieg, Gregory; Pazmino, Gloria (June 23, 2024). "The progressive left digs in for besieged New York Rep. Jamaal Bowman in Democratic primary clash". CNN .
  41. ↑ Fandos, Nicholas (June 25, 2024). "Bowman Falls to Latimer in a Loss for Progressive Democrats". The New York Times. Retrieved June 26, 2024.
  42. ↑ "Certified June 25, 2024, Federal, State & Local Primary Election Results, approved 07.29.2024". elections.ny.gov. Retrieved November 22, 2024.
  43. ↑ Caldwell, Leigh Ann; Meyer, Theodoric; Dent, Alec (June 25, 2024). "Analysis | Bowman's primary resurfaces Democratic divisions". Washington Post. ISSN   0190-8286 . Retrieved June 25, 2024. Bowman, a member of the far-left 'Squad,' has
  44. ↑ Barkan, Ross (February 22, 2023). "'The Democratic Party in New York Is a Disaster'". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved June 25, 2024. Jamaal Bowman, a Westchester County congressman and a member of the Squad, the prominent group of far-left members of Congress, including Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, Rashida Tlaib and Ilhan Omar.
  45. ↑ "Bowman slams AIPAC in final debate with Latimer". Punchbowl News. Retrieved June 25, 2024. Bowman is embracing underdog status in his competitive primary against Westchester County Executive George Latimer, who is seeking to be the first mainstream Democrat to knock off a member of the far-left Squad.
  46. ↑ Ngo, Emily (June 16, 2024). "Jamaal Bowman's challenger is the Cher of suburban New York". Politico. million in ads attacking the far-left firebrand for being out of step with mainstream Democrats
  47. ↑ Samuels, Ben (June 21, 2024). "AIPAC vs. Jamaal Bowman: New York Democratic Race Turns Into Referendum on pro-Israel group". Haaretz. bid to unseat the far-left Democrat in his race against challenger George Latimer next Tuesday
  48. ↑ Hinman, Michael (January 8, 2021). "Bowman's first bill in Congress? The COUP Act". The Riverdale Press. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
  49. ↑ Voght, Kara (January 8, 2021). "Democrat Introduces Bill to Investigate If Capitol Police Have Ties to White Supremacist Groups". Mother Jones . Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
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  51. ↑ Annie Grayer (November 6, 2021). "These 6 House Democrats voted against the infrastructure bill. These 13 Republicans voted for it". CNN . Archived from the original on November 10, 2021. Retrieved November 6, 2021.
  52. ↑ "New York to Reap Billions of Dollars for Mass Transit in "Monumental" Infrastructure Bill". November 6, 2021. Archived from the original on November 8, 2021. Retrieved November 8, 2021.
  53. ↑ Gans, Jared (May 31, 2023). "Republicans and Democrats who bucked party leaders by voting no". The Hill . Retrieved June 6, 2023.
  54. ↑ "New Details Revealed About Jamaal Bowman and the Fire Alarm". October 26, 2023.
  55. ↑ Zanona, Melanie (September 30, 2023). "New York Rep. Jamaal Bowman pulls fire alarm in House office building but says it was an accident". CNN. Retrieved September 30, 2023.
  56. ↑ "Rep. Bowman pulled fire alarm as Democrats tried to delay vote". Reuters . October 1, 2023.
  57. ↑ "Jamaal Bowman: Republicans seek Democrat's expulsion for pulling fire alarm". BBC News. October 3, 2023. Retrieved October 4, 2023.
  58. ↑ "Rep Jamaal Bowman Fire Alarm Messaging for Allies" (PDF). September 29, 2023. Retrieved January 3, 2024.
  59. ↑ Dorn, Sara (October 2, 2023). "Rep. Bowman Backtracks After Office Slams GOP 'Nazis' In Memo Defending Fire Alarm Pull". Forbes . Retrieved February 19, 2024.
  60. ↑ Brooks, Emily; Robertson, Nick (September 30, 2023). "Rep. Bowman under investigation for pulling fire alarm before government funding vote". The Hill. Retrieved September 30, 2023.
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  62. ↑ "Jamaal Bowman Criminally Charged For Capitol Pulling Fire Alarm". Forbes. October 25, 2023.
  63. ↑ Schonfeld, Zach (October 26, 2023). "Bowman pleads guilty to misdemeanor for pulling fire alarm in House office building". The Hill. Retrieved October 26, 2023.
  64. ↑ Hermann, Peter; Alexander, Keith L.; Williams, Clarence (October 26, 2023). "Congressman pleads guilty to pulling false fire alarm in House building". Washington Post. ISSN   0190-8286 . Retrieved January 3, 2024.
  65. ↑ Solender, Andrew (December 7, 2023). "Jamaal Bowman censured for Capitol Hill alarm incident". Axios . Archived from the original on December 16, 2023. Retrieved June 26, 2024.
  66. ↑ "House Ethics panel drops probe of Jamaal Bowman over fire alarm". Roll Call. January 25, 2024.
  67. ↑ "Roll Call 275 - Bill Number: H. R. 5323". The Clerk of the House. September 23, 2021. Archived from the original on January 23, 2023. Retrieved January 23, 2023.
  68. ↑ Kane, Alex (December 15, 2022). "Palestine Is a Proxy Fight in a Fractious DSA". Jewish Currents. Archived from the original on January 18, 2023.
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  70. ↑ "Bowman Questionnaire v1.pdf". Google Docs. Retrieved May 29, 2024.
  71. ↑ "Endorsed Candidates - NYC Democratic Socialists of America". socialists.nyc. February 1, 2024. Retrieved May 29, 2024.
  72. ↑ "Rep. Jamaal Bowman trails rival George Latimer by 17 points". April 3, 2024. Retrieved April 4, 2024.
  73. ↑ Fernandez, Madison (April 3, 2024). "Pro-Israel group looks to oust 2 members of 'the Squad'". Politico. Retrieved April 3, 2024.
  74. ↑ "S. 1605: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 -- House Vote #405 -- Dec 7, 2021". Archived from the original on December 8, 2021. Retrieved July 23, 2022.
  75. ↑ Johnson, Jake (December 15, 2021). ""Reckless misuse of resources": Congress passes $778 billion military budget". Salon . Archived from the original on July 26, 2022. Retrieved July 23, 2022.
  76. ↑ Wong, Scott; Kaplan, Rebecca; Stewart, Kyle (July 18, 2023). "House overwhelmingly passes resolution backing Israel after Rep. Jayapal calls it a 'racist state'". NBC News . Archived from the original on July 19, 2023. Retrieved July 18, 2023.
  77. ↑ Metzger, Bryan. "These 16 lawmakers did not vote for a House resolution supporting Israel after the Hamas attacks". Business Insider.
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  79. ↑ "Bowman reverses after calling reports of Oct. 7 sexual assaults in Israel 'propaganda'". Politico. March 26, 2024.
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  82. ↑ "'Squad' member apologizes for defending Hamas from rape allegations: 'Kind of person I am'". KATV. June 20, 2024. Retrieved June 21, 2024.
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  85. ↑ "Congressional Black Caucus". cbc.house.gov. Archived from the original on April 21, 2019. Retrieved December 23, 2021.
  86. ↑ "Caucus Members". US House of Representatives. Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 3, 2021.
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  91. ↑ "Certified June 25, 2024, Federal, State & Local Primary Election Results, approved 07.29.2024". elections.ny.gov. Retrieved November 22, 2024.
  92. ↑ "Maya's Marvelous Walk in the Woods". ECE PolicyWorks. September 4, 2017. Archived from the original on June 28, 2020. Retrieved June 28, 2020.
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  94. ↑ Jada, Yuan (July 16, 2020). "How a middle school principal used the Ocasio-Cortez playbook against a 16-term incumbent". The Washington Post . Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 23, 2020.
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  98. ↑ Wolf, Cam (June 24, 2020). "Wu-Tang Clan, Washington Nationals, and Apple Emojis: Politicians Are Flexing the Mask's Power". GQ . Archived from the original on July 23, 2020. Retrieved July 23, 2020.
  99. ↑ Bredderman, William (January 29, 2024). "NY Rep. Jamaal Bowman Promoted 9/11 Conspiracy Theories on Blog". The Daily Beast . Archived from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved June 26, 2024.
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  101. ↑ Lotz, Avery (January 30, 2024). "Bowman says he regrets years-old blog posts that touted 9/11 conspiracy theories". CNN . Archived from the original on June 21, 2024. Retrieved June 26, 2024.
  102. ↑ Bredderman, William (May 8, 2024). "Squad Rep's YouTube Page Is a Conspiracy Theorist's Dream". The Daily Beast . Archived from the original on June 22, 2024. Retrieved June 26, 2024.
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from New York's 16th congressional district
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