House Republican Conference | |
---|---|
Chairperson | Elise Stefanik (NY) |
Part of | United States House of Representatives |
House Speaker | Mike Johnson (LA) |
Floor Leader | Steve Scalise (LA) |
Floor Whip | Tom Emmer (MN) |
Vice Chair | Blake Moore (UT) |
Ideology | Conservatism Trumpism |
Affiliation | Republican Party |
Colors | Red |
Seats | 218 / 435 |
Website | |
https://www.gop.gov | |
This article is part of a series on the |
United States House of Representatives |
---|
History of the House |
Members |
Congressional districts |
Politics and procedure |
Places |
United Statesportal |
The House Republican Conference is the party caucus for Republicans in the United States House of Representatives. It hosts meetings and is the primary forum for communicating the party's message to members. The Conference produces a daily publication of political analysis under the title Legislative Digest .
When the conference holds the majority of seats, it is usually led by the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives who is assisted on the floor by the House Majority Leader and the party's Chief Whip. When in the minority, it is led by the House Minority Leader, assisted by the Chief Whip. The conference has a chair who directs day-to-day operations and who is assisted by an elected vice chair and a secretary. The current chair is Elise Stefanik of New York, who assumed the position after a vote of the House Republican Conference on May 14, 2021. [1] [2] Former chairs include Gerald Ford, John Boehner, Mike Pence, John B. Anderson, Dick Cheney, Jack Kemp, J. C. Watts, Deborah D. Pryce, Adam Putnam, Jeb Hensarling, Cathy McMorris Rodgers, Liz Cheney, and Kevin McCarthy. As a result of the 2022 elections, the party holds a narrow majority in the House of Representatives in the 118th Congress, which was reduced from 222 to 221 after the expulsion of Republican George Santos on December 1, 2023. It was reduced additionally upon the resignation of Kevin McCarthy on December 31, 2023.
As of November 8, 2023, the conference leadership has been as follows:
Congress | Leader | District | Took office | Left office | House Speaker | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
36th | William Pennington (1796–1862) | New Jersey 5 | February 1, 1860 | March 3, 1861 | Himself1860–1861 | ||
37th | Galusha A. Grow (1823–1907) | Pennsylvania 14 | July 4, 1861 | March 4, 1863 | Himself1861–1863 | ||
38th | Schuyler Colfax (1823–1885) | Indiana 9 | December 7, 1863 | March 3, 1869 [lower-alpha 1] | Himself1863–1869 | ||
39th | |||||||
40th | |||||||
40th | Theodore M. Pomeroy (1824–1905) | New York 24 | March 3, 1869 | March 4, 1869 | Himself1869 | ||
41st | James G. Blaine (1830–1893) | Maine 3 | March 4, 1869 | March 4, 1875 | Himself1869–1875 | ||
42nd | |||||||
43rd | |||||||
44th | George W. McCrary (1835–1890) | Iowa 1 | March 4, 1875 | March 3, 1877 | Kerr 1875–1876 | ||
Randall 1876–1881 | |||||||
45th | Eugene Hale (1836–1918) | Maine 5 | March 4, 1877 | March 4, 1879 | |||
46th | William P. Frye (1830–1911) | Maine 2 | March 4, 1879 | March 3, 1881 | |||
47th | J. Warren Keifer (1836–1932) | Ohio 8 | December 5, 1881 | March 4, 1883 | Himself1881–1883 | ||
48th | Joseph Gurney Cannon (1836–1926) | Illinois 15 | March 4, 1883 | March 3, 1889 | Carlisle 1883–1889 | ||
49th | |||||||
50th | |||||||
51st | Thomas Brackett Reed (1839–1902) | Maine 1 | December 4, 1889 | March 3, 1891 | Himself1889–1891 | ||
52nd | Thomas J. Henderson (1824–1911) | Illinois 7 | March 4, 1891 | March 3, 1895 | Crisp 1891–1895 | ||
53rd | |||||||
54th | Thomas Brackett Reed (1839–1902) | Maine 1 | December 2, 1895 | March 4, 1899 | Himself1895–1899 | ||
55th | |||||||
56th | David B. Henderson (1840–1906) | Iowa 3 | December 4, 1899 | March 4, 1903 | Himself1899–1903 | ||
57th | |||||||
58th | Joseph Gurney Cannon (1836–1926) | Illinois 18 | November 9, 1903 | March 4, 1911 | Himself1903–1911 | ||
59th | |||||||
60th | |||||||
61st | |||||||
62nd | James Robert Mann (1856–1922) | Illinois 2 | March 4, 1911 | March 3, 1919 | Clark 1911–1919 | ||
63rd | |||||||
64th | |||||||
65th | |||||||
66th | Frederick H. Gillett (1851–1935) | Massachusetts 2 | May 19, 1919 | March 3, 1925 | Himself1919–1925 | ||
67th | |||||||
68th | |||||||
69th | Nicholas Longworth (1869–1931) | Ohio 1 | December 7, 1925 | March 4, 1931 | Himself1925–1931 | ||
70th | |||||||
71st | |||||||
72nd | Bertrand Snell (1870–1958) | New York 31 | March 4, 1931 | January 3, 1939 | Garner 1931–1933 | ||
73rd | Rainey 1933–1934 | ||||||
74th | Byrns 1935–1936 | ||||||
Bankhead 1936–1940 | |||||||
75th | |||||||
76th | Joseph W. Martin Jr. (1884–1968) | Massachusetts 14 | January 3, 1939 | January 3, 1959 | |||
Rayburn 1940–1947 | |||||||
77th | |||||||
78th | |||||||
79th | |||||||
80th | Himself1947–1949 | ||||||
81st | Rayburn 1949–1953 | ||||||
82nd | |||||||
83rd | Himself1953–1955 | ||||||
84th | Rayburn 1955–1961 | ||||||
85th | |||||||
86th | Charles A. Halleck (1900–1986) | Indiana 2 | January 3, 1959 | January 3, 1965 | |||
87th | |||||||
McCormack 1962–1971 | |||||||
88th | |||||||
89th | Gerald Ford (1913–2006) | Michigan 5 | January 3, 1965 | December 6, 1973 [lower-alpha 1] | |||
90th | |||||||
91st | |||||||
92nd | Albert 1971–1977 | ||||||
93rd | |||||||
93rd | John Jacob Rhodes (1916–2003) | Arizona 1 | December 7, 1973 | January 3, 1981 | |||
94th | |||||||
95th | O'Neill 1977–1987 | ||||||
96th | |||||||
97th | Robert H. Michel (1923–2017) | Illinois 18 | January 3, 1981 | January 3, 1995 | |||
98th | |||||||
99th | |||||||
100th | Wright 1987–1989 | ||||||
101st | |||||||
101st | Foley 1989–1995 | ||||||
102nd | |||||||
103rd | |||||||
104th | Newt Gingrich (born 1943) | Georgia 6 | January 3, 1995 | January 3, 1999 [lower-alpha 2] | Himself1995–1999 | ||
105th | |||||||
106th | Dennis Hastert (born 1942) | Illinois 14 | January 6, 1999 | January 3, 2007 | Himself1999–2007 | ||
107th | |||||||
108th | |||||||
109th | |||||||
110th | John Boehner (born 1949) | Ohio 8 | January 3, 2007 | October 29, 2015 [lower-alpha 2] | Pelosi 2007–2011 | ||
111th | |||||||
112th | Himself2011–2015 | ||||||
113th | |||||||
114th | |||||||
114th | Paul Ryan (born 1970) | Wisconsin 1 | October 29, 2015 | January 3, 2019 | Himself2015–2019 | ||
115th | |||||||
116th | Kevin McCarthy (born 1965) | California 23 | January 3, 2019 | October 3, 2023 [lower-alpha 3] | Pelosi 2019–2023 | ||
117th | |||||||
118th | California 20 | Himself2023 | |||||
October 3, 2023 | October 25, 2023 | McHenry [lower-alpha 4] 2023 | |||||
Mike Johnson (born 1972) | Louisiana 4 | October 25, 2023 | Incumbent | Himself2023–present |
The conference chair is elected each Congress. [3]
The vice chair is next in rank after the House Republican Conference Chair. Like the chair, the vice chair is elected by a vote of all Republican House members before each Congress. Among other duties, the vice chair has a seat on both the Steering and Policy Committees. [4]
Congress | Name | State | Term start | Term end |
---|---|---|---|---|
Position established | ||||
90th | Dick Poff | Virginia | January 3, 1967 | August 29, 1972 |
91st | ||||
92nd | ||||
Jack Edwards [5] [6] | Alabama | August 29, 1972 | January 3, 1979 | |
93rd | ||||
94th | ||||
95th | ||||
96th | Clair Burgener | California | January 3, 1979 | January 3, 1985 |
97th | ||||
98th | ||||
99th | Robert J. Lagomarsino | January 3, 1985 | January 3, 1989 | |
100th | ||||
101st | Vin Weber | Minnesota | January 3, 1989 | January 3, 1993 |
102nd | ||||
103rd | Tom DeLay | Texas | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 1995 |
104th | Barbara Vucanovich | Nevada | January 3, 1995 | January 3, 1997 |
105th | Jennifer Dunn | Washington | January 3, 1997 | July 17, 1997 |
Tillie Fowler | Florida | July 17, 1997 | January 3, 1999 | |
106th | Deborah Pryce | Ohio | January 3, 1999 | January 3, 2001 |
107th | Barbara Cubin | Wyoming | January 3, 2001 | January 3, 2003 |
108th | John Doolittle | California | January 3, 2003 | January 3, 2007 |
109th | ||||
110th | John Carter | Texas | January 3, 2007 | January 3, 2013 |
111th | ||||
112th | ||||
113th | Virginia Foxx | North Carolina | January 3, 2013 | January 3, 2017 |
114th | ||||
115th | Jason Smith | Missouri | January 3, 2017 | January 3, 2021 |
116th | ||||
117th | Richard Hudson | North Carolina | January 3, 2021 | January 3, 2023 |
118th | Lisa McClain | Michigan | January 3, 2023 | present |
The speaker of the United States House of Representatives, commonly known as the speaker of the House, is the presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives. The office was established in 1789 by Article I, Section II, of the U.S. Constitution. By custom and House rules, the speaker is the political and parliamentary leader of the House and is simultaneously its presiding officer, de facto leader of the body's majority party, and the institution's administrative head. Speakers also perform various other administrative and procedural functions. Given these several roles and responsibilities, the speaker usually does not personally preside over debates—that duty is instead delegated to members of the House from the majority party—nor regularly participate in floor debates.
The positions of majority leader and minority leader are held by two United States senators and people of the party leadership of the United States Senate. They serve as a chief spokespersons for their respective political parties holding the majority and the minority in the United States Senate. They are each elected as majority leader and minority leader by the senators of their party caucuses: the Senate Democratic Caucus and the Senate Republican Conference.
The 107th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 2001, to January 3, 2003, during the final weeks of the Clinton presidency and the first two years of the George W. Bush presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1990 United States census.
A caucus chair is a person who chairs the meetings of a caucus. Often, the caucus chair is assigned other duties as well.
Kevin Owen McCarthy is a retired American politician who served as the 55th speaker of the United States House of Representatives from January to October 2023. A member of the Republican Party, he was the U.S. Representative for California's 20th congressional district from 2007 until his resignation in 2023.
Stephen Joseph Scalise is an American politician who has served as the House majority leader since 2023 and the U.S. representative for Louisiana's 1st congressional district since 2008. A member of the Republican Party, he served as the House majority whip from 2014 to 2019 and the House minority whip 2019 to 2023.
In the United States House of Representatives, the two major political parties maintain policy and steering committees. Their primary purpose is to assign fellow party members to other House committees, and they also advise party leaders on policy.
The New York State Democratic Committee is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of New York. Its headquarters are in Manhattan, and it has an office in Albany. It is currently the dominant party in the state, controlling the majority of New York's U.S. House seats, both U.S. Senate seats, both houses of the state legislature, and the governorship.
The 114th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States of America federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 2015, to January 3, 2017, during the final two years of Barack Obama's presidency. The seats in the House were apportioned based on the 2010 United States census.
The Congressional Western Caucus is a caucus within the United States House of Representatives composed of 62 members. Although it has historically been bipartisan, it is currently composed almost exclusively of Republicans. It was founded by then-representatives James V. Hansen (R-Utah), Bob Stump (R-Arizona), Joe Skeen and Barbara Vucanovich (R-Nevada) in 1993 during the 103rd United States Congress. Despite its name, the Congressional Western Caucus has members from outside the Western United States, including as far east as New York City and Puerto Rico.
Elise Marie Stefanik is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for New York's 21st congressional district. As chair of the House Republican Conference since 2021, she is the fourth-ranking House Republican. Stefanik's district covers most of the North Country and the Adirondack Mountains, some of the outer suburbs of Utica and the Capital District in New York. In addition to being the first woman to occupy her House seat, Stefanik was 30 when first elected to the House in 2014, making her the youngest woman elected to Congress at the time.
The 117th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It convened in Washington, D.C., on January 3, 2021, during the final weeks of Donald Trump's presidency and the first two years of Joe Biden's presidency and ended on January 3, 2023.
The Freedom Caucus, also known as the House Freedom Caucus, is a congressional caucus consisting of Republican members of the United States House of Representatives. It is generally considered to be the most conservative and furthest-right bloc within the chamber. The caucus was formed in January 2015 by a group of conservatives and Tea Party movement members, with the aim of pushing the Republican leadership to the right. Its first chairperson, Jim Jordan, described the caucus as a "smaller, more cohesive, more agile and more active" group of conservative representatives.
On October 29, 2015, during the 114th United States Congress, an election for speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives was necessitated by the impending resignation of John Boehner, set for October 30. Boehner was the first speaker to resign in the middle of a Congressional term since Jim Wright in 1989.
The 118th United States Congress is the current meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It convened in Washington, D.C., on January 3, 2023, and will end on January 3, 2025, during the final two years of President Joe Biden's initial term.
On January 6, 2015, the first day of the 114th United States Congress and two months after the 2014 U.S. House elections, the incoming House members held an election for its speaker. This was 123rd speaker election since the office was created in 1789. The incumbent, John Boehner, received 216 votes, a majority of the votes cast and was re-elected to office, despite a coordinated effort by Freedom Caucus Republicans to oust him.
On January 3, 2019, the first day of the 116th United States Congress and two months after the 2018 U.S. House elections, the incoming members of the U.S. House of Representatives held an election for speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. This was the 126th U.S. speaker election since the office was created in 1789.
The 2022 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming was held on November 8, 2022, to elect the U.S. representative for Wyoming's at-large congressional district. The election coincided with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections.
At the opening of the 118th United States Congress, the members-elect of the House of Representatives elected in the 2022 midterms held an election for its speaker, marking the 128th speaker election since the office was created in 1789. It began on January 3, 2023, and concluded in the early morning hours of January 7 when Kevin McCarthy of California, leader of the House Republican Conference, won a majority of votes cast on the fifteenth ballot. After the longest speaker election since December 1859 – February 1860, McCarthy won the speakership by making concessions to Republican Party hardliners, who had refused to support him through several rounds of voting, finding him too weak and untrustworthy.