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From March 7 to June 6, 1972, voters of the Republican Party chose its nominee for president in the 1972 United States presidential election. Incumbent President Richard Nixon was again selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 1972 Republican National Convention held from August 21 to August 23, 1972, in Miami, Florida.
| Candidate | Most recent office | Home state | Campaign Withdrawal date | Popular vote | Contests won | Running mate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Richard Nixon |  | President of the United States (1969–1974) |  California |  (Campaign) Secured nomination:August 23, 1972 | 5,378,704 (96.9%) | 18 | Spiro Agnew | |
| Candidate | Most recent office | Home state | Campaign Withdrawal date | Popular vote | Contests won | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| John M. Ashbrook |  | U.S. Representative from Ohio (1961–1982) |  Ohio |  | 311,543 (5.0%) | 0 | |
| Pete McCloskey |  | U.S. Representative from California (1967–1983) | California |  | 132,731 (2.1%) | 0 | |
| Poll source | Publication | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gallup [9] | Feb. 1972 | 5% | 6% | 83% |
Nixon was a popular incumbent president in 1972, as he seemed to have reached détente with China and the USSR. He shrugged off the first glimmers of that, after the election, because of the massive Watergate scandal.
Polls showed that Nixon had a strong lead. He was challenged by two minor candidates, liberal Pete McCloskey of California and conservative John Ashbrook of Ohio. McCloskey ran as an anti-Vietnam war candidate dedicated to a much more clearer liberal position compared to Nixon's ambiguity approach within the party, while Ashbrook was dedicated to a much more clearer conservative position than Nixon and opposed Nixon's détente policies towards China and the Soviet Union. In the New Hampshire primary McCloskey's platform of peace garnered 19.7% of the vote to Nixon's 67.9%, with Ashbrook receiving 10.9% and comedian Pat Paulsen receiving 1.1%. [10] Having previously stated that he would withdraw from the race had he not achieved 20% of the vote, McCloskey did so.
Nixon won 1,347 of the 1,348 delegates to the GOP convention, with McCloskey receiving the vote of one delegate from New Mexico. [11]
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 79,239 | 67.6 | |
| Paul N. McCloskey | 23,190 | 19.8 | |
| John M. Ashbrook | 11,362 | 9.7 | |
| Others | 3,417 | 2.9 | |
| Total votes | 117,208 | 100.0 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 360,278 | 87 | |
| John M. Ashbrook | 36,617 | 8.8 | |
| Paul N. McCloskey | 17,312 | 4.2 | |
| Total votes | 414,207 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 32,550 | 97 | |
| John M. Ashbrook | 170 | 0.5 | |
| Paul N. McCloskey | 47 | 0.1 | |
| Others | 802 | 2.4 | |
| Total votes | 33,569 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 277,601 | 96.9 | |
| Paul N. McCloskey | 3,651 | 1.3 | |
| John M. Ashbrook | 2,604 | 0.9 | |
| "None of the names shown" | 2,315 | 0.8 | |
| Others | 273 | 0.1 | |
| Total votes | 286,444 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 99,150 | 81.2 | |
| Paul N. McCloskey | 16,435 | 13.5 | |
| John M. Ashbrook | 4,864 | 4 | |
| Others | 1,690 | 1.4 | |
| Total votes | 122,139 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 153,886 | 83.3 | |
| George C. Wallace | 20,472 | 11.1 | |
| Others | 10,443 | 5.7 | |
| Total votes | 184,801 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 417,069 | 100 | |
| Total votes | 417,069 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 692,828 | 100 | |
| Total votes | 692,828 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 109,696 | 95.8 | |
| John M. Ashbrook | 2,419 | 2.1 | |
| Paul N. McCloskey | 2,370 | 2.1 | |
| Others | 4 | 0 | |
| Total votes | 114,489 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 159,167 | 94.8 | |
| Paul N. McCloskey | 8,732 | 5.2 | |
| Total votes | 167,899 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 179,464 | 92.4 | |
| Paul N. McCloskey | 9,011 | 4.6 | |
| John M. Ashbrook | 4,996 | 2.6 | |
| Others | 801 | 0.4 | |
| Total votes | 194,272 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unpledged delegates at large | 95,813 | 100 | |
| Total votes | 95,813 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 99,308 | 86.2 | |
| Paul N. McCloskey | 9,223 | 8 | |
| John M. Ashbrook | 6,718 | 5.8 | |
| Total votes | 115,249 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 321,652 | 95.5 | |
| Paul N. McCloskey | 9,691 | 2.9 | |
| Unpledged delegates | 5,370 | 1.6 | |
| Others | 30 | 0 | |
| Total votes | 336,743 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 231,151 | 82 | |
| Paul N. McCloskey | 29,365 | 10.4 | |
| John M. Ashbrook | 16,696 | 5.9 | |
| Others | 4,798 | 1.7 | |
| Total votes | 282,010 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 4,953 | 88.3 | |
| Paul N. McCloskey | 337 | 6 | |
| John M. Ashbrook | 175 | 3.1 | |
| Unpledged delegates at large | 146 | 2.6 | |
| Total votes | 5,611 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 2,058,825 | 90.1 | |
| John M. Ashbrook | 224,922 | 9.8 | |
| Others | 175 | 0 | |
| Total votes | 2,283,922 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unpledged delegates at large | 215,719 | 100 | |
| Total votes | 215,719 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 49,067 | 88.5 | |
| Paul N. McCloskey | 3,367 | 5.5 | |
| "None of the names shown" | 3,035 | 5.5 | |
| Total votes | 104,536 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 52,820 | 100 | |
| Total votes | 52,820 | 100 | |
| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon (incumbent) | 5,378,704 | 86.9 | |
| Unpledged delegates | 317,048 | 5.1 | |
| John M. Ashbrook | 311,543 | 5.0 | |
| Paul N. McCloskey | 132,731 | 2.1 | |
| George C. Wallace | 20,472 | 0.3 | |
| "None of the names shown" | 5,350 | 0.1 | |
| Others | 22,433 | 0.4 | |
| Total votes | 6,188,281 | 100 | |
The 1968 United States presidential election was the 46th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 5, 1968. The Republican nominee, former vice president Richard Nixon, defeated both the Democratic nominee, incumbent vice president Hubert Humphrey, and the American Independent Party nominee, former Alabama governor George Wallace. This was the last election until 1988 in which the incumbent president was not on the ballot. This was also the last election where a third-party candidate received an electoral vote.
The 1972 United States presidential election was the 47th quadrennial presidential election held on Tuesday, November 7, 1972. Incumbent Republican president Richard Nixon defeated Democratic U.S. senator George McGovern in a landslide victory. With 60.7% of the popular vote, Richard Nixon won the largest share of the popular vote for the Republican Party in any presidential elections.
John Milan Ashbrook was an American politician and newspaper publisher. A member of the Republican Party, he served in the United States House of Representatives from Ohio from 1961 until his death. Ashbrook was associated with the New Right. He ran against President Richard Nixon in the 1972 Republican Party presidential primaries, attempting to appeal to voters who believed Nixon was insufficiently conservative, but he failed to win any statewide contests. At the time of his death, he was running for U.S. Senate in Ohio in the 1982 election.
John George Schmitz was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives and California State Senate from Orange County, California. He was also a member of the John Birch Society. In 1972 he was the candidate for President of the United States of the American Independent Party, later known as the American Party.
Paul Norton McCloskey Jr. is an American politician who represented San Mateo County, California as a Republican in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1967 to 1983.
The 1972 Republican National Convention was held from August 21 to August 23, 1972, at the Miami Beach Convention Center in Miami Beach, Florida. It nominated President Richard M. Nixon and Vice President Spiro T. Agnew for reelection. The convention was chaired by House minority leader and future Nixon successor Gerald Ford of Michigan. It was the fifth time that Nixon had been nominated on the Republican ticket for vice president or president. Nixon's five appearances on his party's ticket matched the major-party American standard of Franklin D. Roosevelt, a Democrat who had been nominated for vice president once and president four times.
The master list of Nixon's political opponents was a secret list compiled by President Richard Nixon's Presidential Counselor Charles Colson. It was an expansion of the original Nixon's Enemies List of 20 key people considered opponents of President Richard Nixon. In total, the expanded list contained 220 people or organizations.
From January 19 to June 8, 1976, voters of the Republican Party chose its nominee for president in the 1976 United States presidential election. The major candidates were incumbent President Gerald Ford and former Governor of California Ronald Reagan. After a series of primary elections and caucuses, neither secured a majority of the delegates before the convention.
Operation Sandwedge was a proposed clandestine intelligence-gathering operation against the political enemies of U.S. President Richard Nixon's administration. The proposals were put together by Nixon's Chief of Staff H. R. Haldeman, domestic affairs assistant John Ehrlichman and staffer Jack Caulfield in 1971. Caulfield, a former police officer, created a plan to target the Democratic Party and the anti-Vietnam War movement, inspired by what he believed to be the Democratic Party's employment of a private investigation firm.
Richard Nixon served as the 37th president of the United States from 1969 to 1974. He previously served as the 36th vice president of the United States from 1953 to 1961, and as a United States senator from 1950 to 1953 and United States representative from 1947 to 1950.
The 1968 presidential campaign of Richard Nixon, the 36th vice president of the United States, began when Nixon, the Republican nominee of 1960, formally announced his candidacy, following a year's preparation and five years' political reorganization after defeats in the 1960 presidential election and the 1962 California gubernatorial election.
1968 in the United States was marked by several major historical events. It is often considered to be one of the most turbulent and traumatic years of the 20th century in the United States.
Events from the year 1970 in the United States.
Events from the year 1971 in the United States.
Events from the year 1972 in the United States.
Events from the year 1973 in the United States. The year saw a number of important historical events in the country, including the death of former President Lyndon B. Johnson, the U.S. Supreme Court's decision on Roe v. Wade, the signing of the Paris Peace Accords and end of the United States participation in the Vietnam War, the end of the post-World War II boom and the beginning of the first of a series of recessions that continued over the next decade, and the first oil crisis.
Events from the year 1974 in the United States.
Events from the year 1976 in the United States. Major events include Jimmy Carter defeating incumbent president Gerald Ford in the presidential election of that year, the incorporation of Apple Computer Company and Microsoft, and the New Jersey Supreme Court ruling that Karen Ann Quinlan could be disconnected from her ventilator.
The 1972 United States presidential election in Florida was held on November 7, 1972, as part of the concurrent United States presidential election. Florida voters chose seventeen electors, or representatives to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Incumbent Republican President Richard Nixon won the state over the Democratic nominee, South Dakota Senator George McGovern, by a landslide margin of 44.11% and over one million votes.
The 1972 New Hampshire Republican presidential primary was held on March 7, 1972, in New Hampshire as one of the Republican Party's statewide nomination contests ahead of the 1972 United States presidential election. Incumbent President Richard Nixon faced his first major test in New Hampshire against two minor challengers: liberal anti-Vietnam war candidate Pete McCloskey of California and conservative John Ashbrook of Ohio, who opposed Nixon's détente policies towards China and the Soviet Union. Nixon won the Granite State in a landslide, resulting in the withdrawal of McCloskey from the primaries and a clear path for the incumbent President to receive the Republican nomination.
