1924 presidential election | |
![]() ![]() Nominees Coolidge and Dawes | |
Convention | |
---|---|
Date(s) | June 10–12, 1924 |
City | Cleveland, Ohio |
Venue | Public Auditorium |
Candidates | |
Presidential nominee | Calvin Coolidge of Massachusetts |
Vice presidential nominee | Charles G. Dawes of Illinois |
The 1924 Republican National Convention was held in Cleveland, Ohio, at the Public Auditorium, from June 10 to 12.
Incumbent President Calvin Coolidge was nominated for a full term and went on to win the general election. The convention nominated Illinois Governor Frank Orren Lowden for vice president on the second ballot, but he declined the nomination. The convention then selected Charles G. Dawes. Also considered for the nomination was Senator Charles Curtis of Kansas, a future vice president.
For this convention the method of allocating delegates changed in order to reduce the overrepresentation of the South. [1] This effort proved only partly successful as Southern delegates proved to be more overrepresented than they had been in 1916 or 1920, though they were not as overrepresented as they had been in 1912 and earlier.
There were 120 women delegates, 11% of the total. [2] [lower-alpha 1] The Republican National Committee approved a rule providing for a national committeeman and a national committeewoman from each state. [3] [4] [5]
The head of the Ku Klux Klan, Imperial Wizard Hiram Wesley Evans, was in the city for the convention but maintained a low public profile. [4] [5] Time featured Evans in a cover photograph [6] in conjunction with an article about the organization's role in the Republican convention, dubbing it "the Kleveland Konvention." [7] As with the 1924 Democratic National Convention, some delegates supported adding a condemnation of the Ku Klux Klan by name into the party platform, but they lacked enough support to bring their proposed language to a vote. [8]
Coolidge faced a challenge from California Senator Hiram Johnson and Wisconsin Senator Robert M. La Follette in the 1924 Republican primaries. Coolidge fended off his progressive challengers with convincing wins in the Republican primaries, and was assured of the 1924 presidential nomination by the time the convention began. [9] After his defeat in the primaries, La Follette ran a third party candidacy that attracted significant support.
Presidential Balloting | ||
---|---|---|
Candidate | 1st | Unanimous |
Coolidge | 1,065 | 1,109 |
La Follette | 34 | |
Johnson | 10 |
Presidential Balloting / 3rd Day of Convention (June 12, 1924)
As Calvin Coolidge had ascended to the presidency following the death of Warren G. Harding on August 2, 1923, he served the remainder of Harding's term without a vice president as the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution had not yet been passed. With Coolidge having locked up the presidential nomination, most attention was focused on the vice presidential nomination.
Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover of California and appellate judge William Kenyon of Iowa were seen as the front-runners for the nomination, as both were popular Western progressives who could provide balance to a ticket led by a conservative from Massachusetts. [10] Coolidge's first choice was reported to be Idaho Senator William E. Borah, also a progressive Westerner, but Borah declined to be considered. [10] Illinois Governor Frank O. Lowden, University of Michigan president Marion Leroy Burton, Ambassador Charles B. Warren of Michigan, Washington Senator Wesley Livsey Jones, college president John Lee Coulter of North Dakota, General James Harbord, and General Charles Dawes also had support as potential running mates. [10] Despite saying that he would not accept the nomination, Lowden was nominated for Vice President on the second ballot over Dawes, Kenyon, and Ohio Representative Theodore E. Burton. [11] However, Lowden declined, an action, that as of 2020 [update] , has never been repeated, and is now considered unthinkable. The convention then held another ballot, with Coolidge favoring Hoover. [11] However, the delegates picked Dawes, partly as a reaction to the perceived dominance of Coolidge in running the convention. [11]
Vice Presidential Balloting | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Candidate | 1st | 2nd (Before Shifts) | 2nd (After Shifts) | Unanimous | 3rd | Unanimous |
Lowden | 222 | 413 | 766 | 1,109 | 0 | |
Dawes | 149 | 111 | 49 | 682.5 | 1,109 | |
Burton | 139 | 288 | 94 | 0 | ||
Hoover | 0 | 0 | 0 | 234.5 | ||
Kenyon | 172 | 95 | 68 | 75 | ||
Graham | 81 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Watson | 79 | 55 | 7 | 45 | ||
Curtis | 56 | 31 | 24 | 0 | ||
Hyde | 55 | 36 | 36 | 0 | ||
Norris | 35 | 2 | 2 | 29 | ||
Brookhart | 0 | 31 | 31 | 0 | ||
Hines | 29 | 15 | 0 | 0 | ||
March | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Taylor | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Jackson | 23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Warren | 0 | 23 | 23 | 0 | ||
DuPont | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | ||
Dixon | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 | ||
Sanders | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | ||
Harbord | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Beveridge | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Coulter | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Wrigley | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
Not Voting | 8 | 6 | 6 | 21 |
Vice Presidential Balloting / 3rd Day of Convention (June 12, 1924)
Each of the three days of the convention opened with a lengthy invocation by a different clergymen—one Methodist, one Jewish, one Catholic. Each was listed among the convention officers as an official chaplain. [12]
On June 10, the opening prayer was given by William F. Anderson, Methodist Episcopal bishop of Boston. Among other things, he called for "stricter observance of the law and the preservation of the Constitution of the United States", in other words, for more zealous enforcement of Prohibition. [13]
The next day's session was opened by Rev. Dr. Samuel Schulman, rabbi of Temple Beth-El in New York. Schulman spoke with appreciation for "the Republican Party's precious heritage of the championship of human rights"; he called for "every form of prejudice and misunderstanding" to be "driven forever out of our land". Speaking of Calvin Coolidge, he praised "the integrity, the wisdom, the fearlessness of our beloved President". [14]
On June 12, the final day's invocation was given by Roman Catholic Bishop Joseph Schrembs of Cleveland. Schrembs characterized President Calvin Coolidge as "a chieftain whose record of faithful public service, and whose personality, untarnished and untainted by the pollution of political corruption, will fill the heart of America with the new hope of a second spring". [15]
Calvin Coolidge was an American attorney and politician who served as the 30th president of the United States from 1923 to 1929.
The 1924 United States presidential election was the 35th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 4, 1924. In a three-way contest, incumbent Republican President Calvin Coolidge won election to a full term. Coolidge was the second vice president to ascend to the presidency and then win a full term.
The 1928 United States presidential election was the 36th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 6, 1928. Republican former Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover defeated the Democratic nominee, Governor Al Smith of New York. After President Calvin Coolidge declined to seek reelection, Hoover emerged as his party's frontrunner. As Hoover's party opponents failed to unite around a candidate, Hoover received a large majority of the vote at the 1928 Republican National Convention. The strong state of the economy discouraged some Democrats from running, and Smith was nominated on the first ballot of the 1928 Democratic National Convention. Hoover and Smith had been widely known as potential presidential candidates long before the 1928 campaign, and both were generally regarded as outstanding leaders. Both were newcomers to the presidential race and presented in their person and record an appeal of unknown potency to the electorate. Both faced serious discontent within their respective parties' membership, and both lacked the wholehearted support of their parties' organization.
The 1932 United States presidential election was the 37th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 8, 1932. The election took place against the backdrop of the Great Depression. The incumbent Republican President Herbert Hoover was defeated in a landslide by Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt, the governor of New York and the vice presidential nominee of the 1920 presidential election. Roosevelt was the first Democrat in 80 years to simultaneously win an outright majority of the electoral college and popular vote, a feat last accomplished by Franklin Pierce in 1852, as well as the first Democrat in 56 years to win a majority of the popular vote, which was last achieved by Samuel J. Tilden in 1876. Roosevelt was the last sitting governor to be elected president until Bill Clinton in 1992. Hoover became the first incumbent president to lose an election to another term since William Howard Taft in 1912, and the last to do so until Gerald Ford lost 44 years later. The election marked the effective end of the Fourth Party System, which had been dominated by Republicans. It was the first time since 1916 that a Democrat was elected president.
Charles Gates Dawes was an American diplomat and Republican politician who was the 30th vice president of the United States from 1925 to 1929 under Calvin Coolidge. He was a co-recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1925 for his work on the Dawes Plan for World War I reparations.
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Frank Orren Lowden was an American Republican Party politician who served as the 25th Governor of Illinois and as a United States Representative from Illinois. He was also a candidate for the Republican presidential nominations in 1920 and 1928.
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The 1932 Republican National Convention was held at Chicago Stadium in Chicago, Illinois, from June 14 to June 16, 1932. It nominated President Herbert Hoover and Vice President Charles Curtis for reelection.
Electoral history of Herbert Hoover, who served as the 31st president of the United States (1929–1933) and 3rd United States Secretary of Commerce (1921–1928).
Electoral history of William Edgar Borah, United States Senator from Idaho (1907–1940)
The 1924 United States presidential election in New York took place on November 4, 1924. All contemporary 48 states were part of the 1924 United States presidential election. Voters chose 45 electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president.
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The 1924 United States presidential election in Indiana took place on November 4, 1924, as part of the 1924 United States presidential election which was held throughout all contemporary 48 states. Voters chose 15 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1924 United States presidential election in Illinois took place on November 4, 1924, as part of the 1924 United States presidential election. State voters chose 29 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
Preceded by 1920 Chicago, Illinois | Republican National Conventions | Succeeded by 1928 Kansas City, Missouri |