43rd United States Congress

43rd United States Congress
42nd  ← →  44th
United States Capitol (1877)
March 4, 1873 – March 4, 1875
Members	74 senators 292 representatives 10 non-voting delegates
Senate majority	Republican
Senate President	Henry Wilson (R)
House majority	Republican
House Speaker	James G. Blaine (R)
Sessions
Special [a] : March 4, 1873 – March 26, 1873 1st: December 1, 1873 – June 23, 1874 2nd: December 7, 1874 – March 4, 1875

The 43rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1873, to March 4, 1875, during the fifth and sixth years of Ulysses S. Grant's presidency.

The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1870 United States census.

Both chambers had a Republican majority. This is the last time Republicans held a 2/3 majority in the Senate.

Major events

See also: 1873 in the United States, 1874 in the United States, and 1875 in the United States

• September 18, 1873: New York stock market crash triggered the Panic of 1873, part of the Long Depression
• November 4, 1874: United States House of Representatives elections, 1874 -Democrats regained control of the U.S. House of Representatives for the first time since 1860
• November 25, 1874: United States Greenback Party established as a political party, made primarily of farmers financially hurt by the Panic of 1873

Major legislation

Main article: List of United States federal legislation § 43rd United States Congress

• June 22, 1874: Revised Statutes of the United States
• June 23, 1874: Poland Act, 18  Stat.   253
• January 14, 1875: Specie Payment Resumption Act ch. 15, 18  Stat.   296
• March 1, 1875: Civil Rights Act of 1875, (Butler-Sumner Act) 18  Stat.   335
• March 3, 1875: Tariff of 1875
• March 3, 1875: Page Act of 1875, 18  Stat.   477

Treaties

• March 18, 1874: Hawaii signed a treaty with the United States granting exclusive trading rights.

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

Senators of the 43rd United States Congress

	Party (shading shows control)				Total	Vacant
	Democratic (D)	Anti- Monopoly (AM)	Liberal Republican (LR)	Republican (R)
End of previous congress	17	0	1	54	72	2
Begin	19	0	3	50	72	2
End	20		2	51	73	1
Final voting share	27.4%	0.0%	2.7%	69.9%
Beginning of next congress	28	1	0	43	72	2

House of Representatives

Before this Congress, the 1870 United States Census and resulting reapportionment changed the size of the House to 292 members.

	Party (shading shows control)						Total	Vacant
	Democratic (D)	Independent Democratic (ID)	Independent (I)	Independent Republican (IR)	Liberal Republican (LR)	Republican (R)
End of previous congress	97	0	0	1	4	140	242	1
Begin	87	1	0	0	4	198	290	2
End	91			1		193
Final voting share	31.4%	0.3%	0.0%	0.3%	1.4%	66.6%
Beginning of next congress	177	1	4	3	0	101	286	5

Leadership

President of the Senate
Henry Wilson

Senate

• President: Henry Wilson (R)
• President pro tempore: Matthew H. Carpenter (R)
  • Henry B. Anthony (R), elected January 25, 1875.

House of Representatives

• Speaker: James G. Blaine (R)
• Republican Conference Chairman: Horace Maynard
• Democratic Caucus Chairman: William E. Niblack

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class and Members of the House by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1874; class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1876; and class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1878.

Alabama ▌2. George Goldthwaite (D) ▌3. George E. Spencer (R) Arkansas ▌2. Powell Clayton (R) ▌3. Stephen W. Dorsey (R) California ▌1. Eugene Casserly (D), until November 29, 1873 ▌ John S. Hager (D), from December 23, 1873 ▌3. Aaron A. Sargent (R) Connecticut ▌1. William A. Buckingham (R), until February 5, 1875 ▌ William W. Eaton (D), from February 5, 1875 ▌3. Orris S. Ferry (LR) Delaware ▌1. Thomas F. Bayard Sr. (D) ▌2. Eli Saulsbury (D) Florida ▌1. Abijah Gilbert (R) ▌3. Simon B. Conover (R) Georgia ▌2. Thomas M. Norwood (D) ▌3. John B. Gordon (D) Illinois ▌2. John A. Logan (R) ▌3. Richard J. Oglesby (R) Indiana ▌1. Daniel D. Pratt (R) ▌3. Oliver H. P. T. Morton (R) Iowa ▌2. George G. Wright (R) ▌3. William B. Allison (R) Kansas ▌2. Alexander Caldwell (R), until March 24, 1873 ▌ Robert Crozier (R), November 24, 1873 - February 12, 1874 ▌ James M. Harvey (R), from February 12, 1874 ▌3. John J. Ingalls (R) Kentucky ▌2. John W. Stevenson (D) ▌3. Thomas C. McCreery (D) Louisiana ▌2. J. Rodman West (R) 3: vacant Maine ▌1. Hannibal Hamlin (R) ▌2. Lot M. Morrill (R) Maryland ▌1. William T. Hamilton (D) ▌3. George R. Dennis (D) Massachusetts ▌1. Charles Sumner (LR), until March 11, 1874 ▌ William B. Washburn (R), from April 17, 1874 ▌2. George S. Boutwell (R), from March 17, 1873 Michigan ▌1. Zachariah Chandler (R) ▌2. Thomas W. Ferry (R) Minnesota ▌1. Alexander Ramsey (R) ▌2. William Windom (R)

Mississippi ▌1. Adelbert Ames (R), until January 10, 1874 ▌ Henry R. Pease (R), from February 3, 1874 ▌2. James L. Alcorn (R) Missouri ▌1. Carl Schurz (R) ▌3. Lewis V. Bogy (D) Nebraska ▌1. Thomas Tipton (R) ▌2. Phineas Hitchcock (R) Nevada ▌1. William M. Stewart (R) ▌3. John P. Jones (R) New Hampshire ▌2. Aaron H. Cragin (R) ▌3. Bainbridge Wadleigh (R) New Jersey ▌1. John P. Stockton (D) ▌2. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen (R) New York ▌1. Reuben E. Fenton (R) ▌3. Roscoe Conkling (R) North Carolina ▌2. Matt W. Ransom (D) ▌3. Augustus S. Merrimon (D) Ohio ▌1. Allen G. Thurman (D) ▌3. John Sherman (R) Oregon ▌2. James K. Kelly (D) ▌3. John H. Mitchell (R) Pennsylvania ▌1. John Scott (R) ▌3. Simon Cameron (R) Rhode Island ▌1. William Sprague IV (R) ▌2. Henry B. Anthony (R) South Carolina ▌2. Thomas J. Robertson (R) ▌3. John J. Patterson (R) Tennessee ▌1. William G. Brownlow (R) ▌2. Henry Cooper (D) Texas ▌1. James W. Flanagan (R) ▌ 2. Morgan C. Hamilton (LR) Vermont ▌1. George F. Edmunds (R) ▌3. Justin S. Morrill (R) Virginia ▌1. John F. Lewis (R) ▌2. John W. Johnston (D) West Virginia ▌1. Arthur I. Boreman (R) ▌2. Henry G. Davis (D) Wisconsin ▌1. Matthew H. Carpenter (R) ▌3. Timothy O. Howe (R)

Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 43rd Congress in March 1873. The green stripes represent Liberal Republicans. One of Louisiana's seats was never filled.   2 Democrats   1 Democrat and 1 Republican   2 Republicans   Territories

President pro tempore Matthew H. Carpenter President pro tempore Henry B. Anthony

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama ▌ 1 . Frederick G. Bromberg (LR) ▌ 2 . James T. Rapier (R) ▌ 3 . Charles Pelham (R) ▌ 4 . Charles Hays (R) ▌ 5 . John H. Caldwell (D) ▌ 6 . Joseph H. Sloss (D) ▌ At-large . Charles C. Sheats (R) ▌ At-large . Alexander White (R) Arkansas ▌ 1 . Asa Hodges (R) ▌ 2 . Oliver P. Snyder (R) ▌ 3 . William W. Wilshire (R), until June 16, 1874 ▌ Thomas M. Gunter (D), from June 16, 1874 ▌ At-large . William J. Hynes (LR) California ▌ 1 . Charles Clayton (R) ▌ 2 . Horace F. Page (R) ▌ 3 . John K. Luttrell (D) ▌ 4 . Sherman O. Houghton (R) Connecticut ▌ 1 . Joseph R. Hawley (R) ▌ 2 . Stephen W. Kellogg (R) ▌ 3 . Henry H. Starkweather (R) ▌ 4 . William H. Barnum (D) Delaware ▌ At-large . James R. Lofland (R) Florida ▌ At-large . Josiah T. Walls (R) ▌ At-large . William J. Purman (R), until January 25, 1875 Georgia ▌ 1 . Morgan Rawls (D), until March 24, 1874 ▌ Andrew Sloan (R), from March 24, 1874 ▌ 2 . Richard H. Whiteley (R) ▌ 3 . Philip Cook (D) ▌ 4 . Henry R. Harris (D) ▌ 5 . James C. Freeman (R) ▌ 6 . James H. Blount (D) ▌ 7 . Pierce M. B. Young (D) ▌ 8 . Alexander H. Stephens (D), from December 1, 1873 ▌ 9 . Hiram P. Bell (D) Illinois ▌ 1 . John B. Rice (R), until December 17, 1874 ▌ Bernard G. Caulfield (D), from February 1, 1875 ▌ 2 . Jasper D. Ward (R) ▌ 3 . Charles B. Farwell (R) ▌ 4 . Stephen A. Hurlbut (R) ▌ 5 . Horatio C. Burchard (R) ▌ 6 . John B. Hawley (R) ▌ 7 . Franklin Corwin (R) ▌ 8 . Greenbury L. Fort (R) ▌ 9 . Granville Barrere (R) ▌ 10 . William H. Ray (R) ▌ 11 . Robert M. Knapp (D) ▌ 12 . James C. Robinson (D) ▌ 13 . John McNulta (R) ▌ 14 . Joseph G. Cannon (R) ▌ 15 . John R. Eden (D) ▌ 16 . James S. Martin (R) ▌ 17 . William R. Morrison (D) ▌ 18 . Isaac Clements (R) ▌ 19 . Samuel S. Marshall (D) Indiana ▌ 1 . William E. Niblack (D) ▌ 2 . Simeon K. Wolfe (D) ▌ 3 . William S. Holman (D) ▌ 4 . Jeremiah M. Wilson (R) ▌ 5 . John Coburn (R) ▌ 6 . Morton C. Hunter (R) ▌ 7 . Thomas J. Cason (R) ▌ 8 . James N. Tyner (R) ▌ 9 . John P. C. Shanks (R) ▌ 10 . Henry B. Sayler (R) ▌ At-large . Jasper Packard (R) ▌ At-large . Godlove S. Orth (R) ▌ At-large . William Williams (R) Iowa ▌ 1 . George W. McCrary (R) ▌ 2 . Aylett R. Cotton (R) ▌ 3 . William G. Donnan (R) ▌ 4 . Henry O. Pratt (R) ▌ 5 . James Wilson (R) ▌ 6 . William Loughridge (R) ▌ 7 . John A. Kasson (R) ▌ 8 . James W. McDill (R) ▌ 9 . Jackson Orr (R) Kansas ▌ At-large . Stephen A. Cobb (R) ▌ At-large . David P. Lowe (R) ▌ At-large . William A. Phillips (R) Kentucky ▌ 1 . Edward Crossland (D) ▌ 2 . John Y. Brown (D) ▌ 3 . Charles W. Milliken (D) ▌ 4 . William B. Read (D) ▌ 5 . Elisha D. Standiford (D) ▌ 6 . William E. Arthur (D) ▌ 7 . James B. Beck (D) ▌ 8 . Milton J. Durham (D) ▌ 9 . George M. Adams (D) ▌ 10 . John D. Young (D) Louisiana ▌ 1 . J. Hale Sypher (R), until March 3, 1875 ▌ Effingham Lawrence (D), from March 3, 1875 ▌ 2 . Lionel A. Sheldon (R) ▌ 3 . Chester B. Darrall (R) ▌ 4 . George L. Smith (R), from November 24, 1873 ▌ 5 . Frank Morey (R) ▌ At-large . George A. Sheridan (LR) from March 3, 1875 Maine ▌ 1 . John H. Burleigh (R) ▌ 2 . William P. Frye (R) ▌ 3 . James G. Blaine (R) ▌ 4 . Samuel F. Hersey (R), until February 3, 1875 ▌ 5 . Eugene Hale (R) Maryland ▌ 1 . Ephraim K. Wilson II (D) ▌ 2 . Stevenson Archer (D) ▌ 3 . William J. O'Brien (D) ▌ 4 . Thomas Swann (D) ▌ 5 . William Albert (R) ▌ 6 . Lloyd Lowndes Jr. (R) Massachusetts ▌ 1 . James Buffington (R) ▌ 2 . Benjamin W. Harris (R) ▌ 3 . William Whiting (R), until June 29, 1873 ▌ Henry L. Pierce (R), from December 1, 1873 ▌ 4 . Samuel Hooper (R) ▌ 5 . Daniel W. Gooch (R) ▌ 6 . Benjamin F. Butler (R) ▌ 7 . Ebenezer R. Hoar (R) ▌ 8 . John M. S. Williams (R) ▌ 9 . George F. Hoar (R) ▌ 10 . Alvah Crocker (R), until December 26, 1874 ▌ Charles A. Stevens (R), from January 27, 1875 ▌ 11 . Henry L. Dawes (R) Michigan ▌ 1 . Moses W. Field (R) ▌ 2 . Henry Waldron (R) ▌ 3 . George Willard (R) ▌ 4 . Julius C. Burrows (R) ▌ 5 . Wilder D. Foster (R), until September 20, 1873 ▌ William B. Williams (R), from December 1, 1873 ▌ 6 . Josiah Begole (R) ▌ 7 . Omar D. Conger (R) ▌ 8 . Nathan B. Bradley (R) ▌ 9 . Jay A. Hubbell (R) Minnesota ▌ 1 . Mark H. Dunnell (R) ▌ 2 . Horace B. Strait (R) ▌ 3 . John T. Averill (R) Mississippi ▌ 1 . Lucius Q. C. Lamar (D) ▌ 2 . Albert R. Howe (R) ▌ 3 . Henry W. Barry (R) ▌ 4 . Jason Niles (R) ▌ 5 . George C. McKee (R) ▌ 6 . John R. Lynch (R) Missouri ▌ 1 . Edwin O. Stanard (R) ▌ 2 . Erastus Wells (D) ▌ 3 . William H. Stone (D) ▌ 4 . Robert A. Hatcher (D) ▌ 5 . Richard P. Bland (D) ▌ 6 . Harrison E. Havens (R) ▌ 7 . Thomas T. Crittenden (D) ▌ 8 . Abram Comingo (D) ▌ 9 . Isaac C. Parker (R) ▌ 10 . Ira B. Hyde (R) ▌ 11 . John B. Clark Jr. (D) ▌ 12 . John M. Glover (D) ▌ 13 . Aylett H. Buckner (D) Nebraska ▌ At-large . Lorenzo Crounse (R)

Nevada ▌ At-large . Charles W. Kendall (D) New Hampshire ▌ 1 . William B. Small (R) ▌ 2 . Austin F. Pike (R) ▌ 3 . Hosea W. Parker (D) New Jersey ▌ 1 . John W. Hazelton (R) ▌ 2 . Samuel A. Dobbins (R) ▌ 3 . Amos Clark Jr. (R) ▌ 4 . Robert Hamilton (D) ▌ 5 . William W. Phelps (R) ▌ 6 . Marcus L. Ward (R) ▌ 7 . Isaac W. Scudder (R) New York ▌ 1 . Henry J. Scudder (R) ▌ 2 . John G. Schumaker (D) ▌ 3 . Stewart L. Woodford (R), until July 1, 1874 ▌ Simeon B. Chittenden (IR), from November 3, 1874 ▌ 4 . Philip S. Crooke (R) ▌ 5 . William R. Roberts (D) ▌ 6 . James Brooks (D), until April 30, 1873 ▌ Samuel S. Cox (D), from November 4, 1873 ▌ 7 . Thomas J. Creamer (D) ▌ 8 . John D. Lawson (R) ▌ 9 . David B. Mellish (R), until May 23, 1874 ▌ Richard Schell (D), from December 7, 1874 ▌ 10 . Fernando Wood (D) ▌ 11 . Clarkson N. Potter (D) ▌ 12 . Charles St. John (R) ▌ 13 . John O. Whitehouse (D) ▌ 14 . David M. De Witt (D) ▌ 15 . Eli Perry (D) ▌ 16 . James S. Smart (R) ▌ 17 . Robert S. Hale (R) ▌ 18 . William A. Wheeler (R) ▌ 19 . Henry H. Hathorn (R) ▌ 20 . David Wilber (R) ▌ 21 . Clinton L. Merriam (R) ▌ 22 . Ellis H. Roberts (R) ▌ 23 . William E. Lansing (R) ▌ 24 . R. Holland Duell (R) ▌ 25 . Clinton D. MacDougall (R) ▌ 26 . William H. Lamport (R) ▌ 27 . Thomas C. Platt (R) ▌ 28 . H. Boardman Smith (R) ▌ 29 . Freeman Clarke (R) ▌ 30 . George G. Hoskins (R) ▌ 31 . Lyman K. Bass (R) ▌ 32 . Walter L. Sessions (R) ▌ At-large . Lyman Tremain (R) North Carolina ▌ 1 . Clinton L. Cobb (R) ▌ 2 . Charles R. Thomas (R) ▌ 3 . Alfred M. Waddell (D) ▌ 4 . William A. Smith (R) ▌ 5 . James M. Leach (D) ▌ 6 . Thomas S. Ashe (D) ▌ 7 . William M. Robbins (D) ▌ 8 . Robert B. Vance (D) Ohio ▌ 1 . Milton Sayler (D) ▌ 2 . Henry B. Banning (LR) ▌ 3 . John Q. Smith (R) ▌ 4 . Lewis B. Gunckel (R) ▌ 5 . Charles N. Lamison (D) ▌ 6 . Isaac R. Sherwood (R) ▌ 7 . Lawrence T. Neal (D) ▌ 8 . William Lawrence (R) ▌ 9 . James W. Robinson (R) ▌ 10 . Charles Foster (R) ▌ 11 . Hezekiah S. Bundy (R) ▌ 12 . Hugh J. Jewett (D), until June 23, 1874 ▌ William E. Finck (D), from December 7, 1874 ▌ 13 . Milton I. Southard (D) ▌ 14 . John Berry (D) ▌ 15 . William P. Sprague (R) ▌ 16 . Lorenzo Danford (R) ▌ 17 . Laurin D. Woodworth (R) ▌ 18 . James Monroe (R) ▌ 19 . James A. Garfield (R) ▌ 20 . Richard C. Parsons (R) Oregon ▌ At-large . Joseph G. Wilson (R), until July 2, 1873 ▌ James W. Nesmith (D), from December 1, 1873 Pennsylvania ▌ 1 . Samuel J. Randall (D) ▌ 2 . Charles O'Neill (R) ▌ 3 . Leonard Myers (R) ▌ 4 . William D. Kelley (R) ▌ 5 . Alfred C. Harmer (R) ▌ 6 . James S. Biery (R) ▌ 7 . Washington Townsend (R) ▌ 8 . Hiester Clymer (D) ▌ 9 . A. Herr Smith (R) ▌ 10 . John W. Killinger (R) ▌ 11 . John B. Storm (D) ▌ 12 . Lazarus D. Shoemaker (R) ▌ 13 . James D. Strawbridge (R) ▌ 14 . John B. Packer (R) ▌ 15 . John A. Magee (D) ▌ 16 . John Cessna (R) ▌ 17 . R. Milton Speer (D) ▌ 18 . Sobieski Ross (R) ▌ 19 . Carlton B. Curtis (R) ▌ 20 . Hiram L. Richmond (R) ▌ 21 . Alexander W. Taylor (R) ▌ 22 . James S. Negley (R) ▌ 23 . Ebenezer McJunkin (R), until January 1, 1875 ▌ John M. Thompson (R), from January 5, 1875 ▌ 24 . William S. Moore (R) ▌ At-large . Charles Albright (R) ▌ At-large . Glenni W. Scofield (R) ▌ At-large . Lemuel Todd (R) Rhode Island ▌ 1 . Benjamin T. Eames (R) ▌ 2 . James M. Pendleton (R) South Carolina ▌ 1 . Joseph Rainey (R) ▌ 2 . Alonzo J. Ransier (R) ▌ 3 . Robert B. Elliott (R), until November 1, 1874 ▌ Lewis C. Carpenter (R), from November 3, 1874 ▌ 4 . Alexander S. Wallace (R) ▌ At-large . Richard H. Cain (R) Tennessee ▌ 1 . Roderick R. Butler (R) ▌ 2 . Jacob M. Thornburgh (R) ▌ 3 . William Crutchfield (R) ▌ 4 . John M. Bright (D) ▌ 5 . Horace Harrison (R) ▌ 6 . Washington C. Whitthorne (D) ▌ 7 . John D. C. Atkins (D) ▌ 8 . David A. Nunn (R) ▌ 9 . Barbour Lewis (R) ▌ At-large . Horace Maynard (R) Texas ▌ 1 . William S. Herndon (D) ▌ 2 . William P. McLean (D) ▌ 3 . De Witt C. Giddings (D) ▌ 4 . John Hancock (D) ▌ At-large . Roger Q. Mills (D) ▌ At-large . Asa H. Willie (D) Vermont ▌ 1 . Charles W. Willard (R) ▌ 2 . Luke P. Poland (R) ▌ 3 . George W. Hendee (R) Virginia ▌ 1 . James B. Sener (R) ▌ 2 . James H. Platt Jr. (R) ▌ 3 . J. Ambler Smith (R) ▌ 4 . William H. H. Stowell (R) ▌ 5 . Alexander Davis (D), until March 5, 1874 ▌ Christopher Thomas (R), from March 5, 1874 ▌ 6 . Thomas Whitehead (D) ▌ 7 . John T. Harris (D) ▌ 8 . Eppa Hunton, II (D) ▌ 9 . Rees Bowen (D) West Virginia ▌ 1 . John J. Davis (ID) ▌ 2 . John Hagans (R) ▌ 3 . Frank Hereford (D) Wisconsin ▌ 1 . Charles G. Williams (R) ▌ 2 . Gerry W. Hazelton (R) ▌ 3 . J. Allen Barber (R) ▌ 4 . Alexander Mitchell (D) ▌ 5 . Charles A. Eldredge (D) ▌ 6 . Philetus Sawyer (R) ▌ 7 . Jeremiah M. Rusk (R) ▌ 8 . Alexander S. McDill (R) Non-voting members ▌ Arizona Territory . Richard C. McCormick (NU) ▌ Colorado Territory . Jerome B. Chaffee (R) ▌ Dakota Territory . Moses K. Armstrong (D) ▌ District of Columbia . Norton P. Chipman (R) ▌ Idaho Territory . John Hailey (D) ▌ Montana Territory . Martin Maginnis (D) ▌ New Mexico Territory . Stephen B. Elkins (R) ▌ Utah Territory . George Q. Cannon (R) ▌ Washington Territory . Obadiah B. McFadden (D) ▌ Wyoming Territory . William R. Steele (D)

House seats by party holding plurality in state   80+% Democratic   80+% Republican   60+% to 80% Democratic   60+% to 80% Republican   Up to 60% Democratic   Up to 60% Republican Speaker James G. Blaine

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

• Replacements: 5
  • Democratic: 1 seat net gain
  • Republican: no net change
  • Liberal Republican: 1 seat net loss
• Deaths: 3
• Resignations: 3
• Interim appointments: 1
• Vacancy: 1
• Total seats with changes: 7

See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate

Senate changes

State (class)	Vacated by	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's formal installation [b]
Massachusetts (2)	Vacant	Henry Wilson resigned in previous congress after becoming Vice President of the United States. Successor elected March 17, 1873.	George S. Boutwell (R)	March 17, 1873
Mississippi (1)	Adelbert Ames (R)	Resigned March 17, 1873, after being elected Governor of Mississippi. Successor elected February 3, 1874.	Henry R. Pease (R)	February 3, 1874
Kansas (2)	Alexander Caldwell (R)	Resigned March 24, 1873. Successor appointed November 24, 1873.	Robert Crozier (R)	November 24, 1873
California (1)	Eugene Casserly (D)	Resigned November 29, 1873. Successor elected December 23, 1873.	John S. Hager (D)	December 23, 1873
Kansas (2)	Robert Crozier (R)	Interim appointee retired when successor elected February 2, 1874.	James M. Harvey (R)	February 2, 1874
Massachusetts (1)	Charles Sumner (LR)	Died March 11, 1874. Successor elected April 17, 1874.	William B. Washburn (R)	April 17, 1874
Connecticut (1)	William A. Buckingham (R)	Died February 5, 1875. Successor appointed February 5, 1875, having already been elected to the next tern.	William W. Eaton (D)	February 5, 1875

House of Representatives

• Replacements: 15
  • Democratic: 3 seat net gain
  • Republican: 4 seat net loss
  • Liberal Republican: 1 seat net gain
• Deaths: 8
• Resignations: 5
• Contested election: 4
• Total seats with changes: 19

See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

House changes

District	Vacated by	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's formal installation [b]
Louisiana 4th	Vacant	Rep-elect Samuel Peters died before taking seat	George L. Smith (R)	November 24, 1873
Georgia 8th	Vacant	Rep-elect Ambrose R. Wright died before taking seat	Alexander H. Stephens (D)	December 1, 1873
New York 6th	James Brooks (D)	Died April 30, 1873	Samuel S. Cox (D)	November 4, 1873
Massachusetts 3rd	William Whiting (R)	Died June 29, 1873	Henry L. Pierce (R)	December 1, 1873
Oregon At-large	Joseph G. Wilson (R)	Died July 2, 1873	James Nesmith (D)	December 1, 1873
Michigan 5th	Wilder D. Foster (R)	Died September 20, 1873	William B. Williams (R)	December 1, 1873
Virginia 5th	Alexander Davis (D)	Lost contested election March 5, 1874	Christopher Thomas (R)	March 5, 1874
Georgia 1st	Morgan Rawls (D)	Lost contested election March 24, 1874	Andrew Sloan (R)	March 24, 1874
New York 9th	David B. Mellish (R)	Died May 23, 1874	Richard Schell (D)	December 7, 1874
Arkansas 3rd	William W. Wilshire (R)	Lost contested election June 16, 1874	Thomas M. Gunter (D)	June 16, 1874
Ohio 12th	Hugh J. Jewett (D)	Resigned June 23, 1874, after becoming President of the Erie Railroad	William E. Finck (D)	December 7, 1874
New York 3rd	Stewart L. Woodford (R)	Resigned July 1, 1874	Simeon B. Chittenden (IR)	November 3, 1874
South Carolina 3rd	Robert B. Elliott (R)	Resigned November 1, 1874	Lewis C. Carpenter (R)	November 3, 1874
Illinois 1st	John B. Rice (R)	Died December 17, 1874	Bernard G. Caulfield (D)	February 1, 1875
Massachusetts 10th	Alvah Crocker (R)	Died December 26, 1874	Charles A. Stevens (R)	January 27, 1875
Pennsylvania 23rd	Ebenezer McJunkin (R)	Resigned January 1, 1875	John M. Thompson (R)	January 5, 1875
Florida At-large	William J. Purman (R)	Resigned January 25, 1875	Vacant	Not filled this term
Maine 4th	Samuel F. Hersey (R)	Died February 3, 1875	Vacant	Not filled this term
Louisiana 1st	J. Hale Sypher (R)	Lost contested election March 3, 1875	Effingham Lawrence (D)	March 3, 1875
Louisiana At-Large	Vacant	Contested election originally won by Pinckney Pinchback	George A.Sheridan (R)	March 3, 1875

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

• Agriculture (Chairman: Frederick T. Frelinghuysen; Ranking Member: George R. Dennis)
• Appropriations (Chairman: Lot M. Morrill; Ranking Member: William B. Allison)
• Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: Matthew H. Carpenter; Ranking Member: George R. Dennis)
• Civil Service and Retrenchment (Chairman: George G. Wright; Ranking Member: Timothy O. Howe)
• Claims (Chairman: John Scott; Ranking Member: George S. Boutwell)
• Commerce (Chairman: Zachariah Chandler; Ranking Member: George S. Boutwell)
• Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
• District of Columbia (Chairman: John F. Lewis; Ranking Member: John P. Jones)
• Education and Labor (Chairman: James W. Flanagan; Ranking Member: Oliver P. Morton)
• Engrossed Bills (Chairman: Thomas F. Bayard; Ranking Member: Henry Cooper)
• Finance (Chairman: John Sherman; Ranking Member: Thomas W. Ferry)
• Foreign Relations (Chairman: Simon Cameron; Ranking Member: Roscoe Conkling)
• Indian Affairs (Chairman: William A. Buckingham; Ranking Member: John J. Ingalls)
• Judiciary (Chairman: George F. Edmunds; Ranking Member: George G. Wright)
• Manufactures (Chairman: Thomas J. Robertson; Ranking Member: Reuben E. Fenton)
• Military Affairs (Chairman: John A. Logan; Ranking Member: Bainbridge Wadleigh)
• Mines and Mining (Chairman: Hannibal Hamlin; Ranking Member: George Goldthwaite)
• Mississippi River Levee System (Select)
• Naval Affairs (Chairman: Aaron H. Cragin; Ranking Member: Simon B. Conover)
• Ordnance and War Ships (Select)
• Outrages in Southern States (Select)
• Patents (Chairman: Orris S. Ferry; Ranking Member: William T. Hamilton)
• Pensions (Chairman: Daniel D. Pratt; Ranking Member: Morgan C. Hamilton)
• Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Alexander Ramsey; Ranking Member: John P. Jones)
• Private Land Claims (Chairman: Allen G. Thurman; Ranking Member: Thomas F. Bayard)
• Privileges and Elections (Chairman: Oliver P. Morton; Ranking Member: John H. Mitchell)
• Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Justin S. Morrill; Ranking Member: John J. Patterson)
• Public Lands (Chairman: William Sprague; Ranking Member: Bainbridge Wadleigh)
• Railroads (Chairman: William M. Stewart; Ranking Member: Timothy O. Howe)
• Removal of Political Disabilities (Select)
• Retrenchment
• Revision of the Laws (Chairman: Hannibal Hamlin; Ranking Member: James L. Alcorn)
• Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: William G. Brownlow; Ranking Member: John W. Johnston)
• Rules (Select)
• Tariff Regulation (Select)
• Territories (Chairman: Arthur I. Boreman; Ranking Member: John J. Patterson)
• Transportation Routes to the Seaboard (Select) (Chairman: William Windom; Ranking Member: John H. Mitchell)
• Whole

House of Representatives

• Accounts (Chairman: James Buffington; Ranking Member: Alexander S. Wallace)
• Agriculture (Chairman: Charles Hays; Ranking Member: Sobieski Ross)
• Appropriations (Chairman: James A. Garfield; Ranking Member: James N. Tyner)
• Alabama Affairs (Select)
• Arkansas Affairs (Select)
• Banking and Currency (Chairman: Horace Maynard; Ranking Member: Jay Abel Hubbell)
• Claims (Chairman: John B. Hawley; Ranking Member: Julius C. Burrows)
• Coinage, Weights and Measures (Chairman: Samuel Hooper; Ranking Member: Horace B. Strait)
• Commerce (Chairman: William A. Wheeler; Ranking Member: Richard C. Parsons)
• District of Columbia (Chairman: Alfred C. Harmer; Ranking Member: Charles Pelham)
• Education and Labor (Chairman: James Monroe; Ranking Member: Alexander S. McDill)
• Elections (Chairman: Horace B. Smith; Ranking Member: Horace H. Harrison)
• Expenditures in the Interior Department (Chairman: Jackson Orr; Ranking Member: James C. Robinson)
• Expenditures in the Justice Department (Chairman: James B. Sener; Ranking Member: Robert M. Speer)
• Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: Julius C. Burrows; Ranking Member: John A. Magee)
• Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: Henry W. Barry; Ranking Member: Pierce M. B. Young)
• Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: Jasper Packard; Ranking Member: William R. Morrison)
• Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: J. Hale Sypher; Ranking Member: John G. Schumaker)
• Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: William Williams; Ranking Member: John M. Bright)
• Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: R. Holland Duell; Ranking Member: Henry O. Pratt)
• Freedmen's Affairs (Chairman: Clinton L. Cobb; Ranking Member: J. Allen Barber)
• Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Godlove Stein Orth; Ranking Member: William J. Albert)
• Indian Affairs (Chairman: John T. Averill; Ranking Member: John D. Lawson)
• Invalid Pensions (Chairman: Jeremiah McLain Rusk; Ranking Member: William B. Small)
• Judiciary (Chairman: Benjamin F. Butler; Ranking Member: Alexander White)
• Manufactures (Chairman: Charles B. Farwell; Ranking Member: Laurin D. Woodworth)
• Mileage (Chairman: Hezekiah S. Bundy; Ranking Member: James W. Nesmith)
• Military Affairs (Chairman: John Coburn; Ranking Member: Clinton D. MacDougall)
• Militia (Chairman: Roderick R. Butler; Ranking Member: Josiah T. Walls)
• Mines and Mining (Chairman: David P. Lowe; Ranking Member: Christopher C. Sheats)
• Naval Affairs (Chairman: Glenni W. Scofield; Ranking Member: John H. Burleigh)
• Pacific Railroads (Chairman: Philetus Sawyer; Ranking Member: James W. McDill)
• Patents (Chairman: Omar D. Conger; Ranking Member: Henry B. Sayler)
• Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: John B. Packer; Ranking Member: Stephen A. Cobb)
• Private Land Claims (Chairman: Jasper Packard; Ranking Member: James C. Freeman)
• Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: James H. Platt Jr.; Ranking Member: Lloyd Lowndes Jr.)
• Public Expenditures (Chairman: Harrison E. Havens; Ranking Member: Josiah W. Begole)
• Public Lands (Chairman: Washington Townsend; Ranking Member: William A. Phillips)
• Railways and Canals (Chairman: George W. McCrary; Ranking Member: Alexander W. Taylor)
• Reform on Civil Service (Chairman: Stephen W. Kellogg; Ranking Member: James D. Strawbridge)
• Revision of Laws (Chairman: Luke P. Poland; Ranking Member: William S. Moore)
• Revolutionary Pensions and War of 1812 (Chairman: Lazarus D. Shoemaker; Ranking Member: William Crutchfield)
• Rules (Select) (Chairman: James G. Blaine; Ranking Member: Samuel S. Cox)
• Standards of Official Conduct
• Territories (Chairman: George C. McKee; Ranking Member: Greenbury L. Fort)
• War Claims (Chairman: William Lawrence; Ranking Member: Abraham H. Smith)
• Ways and Means (Chairman: Henry L. Dawes; Ranking Member: Lionel A. Sheldon)
• Whole

Joint committees

• Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
• Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Rep. Chester B. Darrall; Vice Chairman: Rep. Henry R. Harris)
• Inquire into the Affairs of the District of Columbia (Select) (Chairman: Rep. Jeremiah M. Wilson; Vice Chairman: Rep. Hugh J. Jewett)
• The Library (Chairman: Rep. William P. Frye; Vice Chairman: Rep. Hiester Clymer)
• Printing (Chairman: Rep. William G. Donnan; Vice Chairman: Rep. Alfred M. Waddell)

Caucuses

• Democratic (House)
• Democratic (Senate)

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

• Architect of the Capitol: Edward Clark
• Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford

Senate

• Chaplain: John P. Newman (Methodist), until December 8, 1873
  • Byron Sunderland (Presbyterian), elected December 8, 1873
• Librarian: George S. Wagner
• Secretary: George C. Gorham
• Sergeant at Arms: John R. French

House of Representatives

• Chaplain: John G. Butler (Presbyterian)
• Clerk: Edward McPherson
• Clerk at the Speaker’s Table: John M. Barclay
• Doorkeeper: Otis S. Buxton
• Postmaster: Henry Sherwood, elected December 1, 1873
• Reading Clerks: Charles N. Clisbee (D) and William K. Mehaffey (R)
• Sergeant at Arms: Nehemiah G. Ordway

See also

• 1872 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
  • 1872 United States presidential election
  • 1872–73 United States Senate elections
  • 1872–73 United States House of Representatives elections
• 1874 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
  • 1874–75 United States Senate elections
  • 1874–75 United States House of Representatives elections

Notes

1. Special session of the Senate.
2. When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.

References

• Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
• Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

External links

• Statutes at Large, 1789-1875
• Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
• House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
• Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
• U.S. House of Representatives: House History
• U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
• Congressional Directory for the 43rd Congress, 1st Session. U.S. Govt. Print. Off., etc. 1873.
• Congressional Directory for the 43rd Congress, 1st Session (1st Revision). U.S. Govt. Print. Off., etc. 1874.
• Congressional Directory for the 43rd Congress, 1st Session (2nd Revision). 1874.
• Congressional Directory for the 43rd Congress, 2nd Session. U.S. Govt. Print. Off., etc. 1874.
• Congressional Directory for the 43rd Congress, 2nd Session (Revision). U.S. Govt. Print. Off., etc. 1875.