Luke 24

Last updated
Luke 24
←  chapter 23
John 1  →
Papyrus 75a.gif
Luke 24:51-53, continued with John 1:1-16, on Papyrus 75, written about AD 175-225.
Book Gospel of Luke
Category Gospel
Christian Bible part New Testament
Order in the Christian part3

Luke 24 is the twenty-fourth and final chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The book containing this chapter is anonymous, but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that Luke the Evangelist composed this Gospel as well as the Acts of the Apostles. [1] This chapter records the discovery of the resurrection of Jesus Christ, his appearances to his disciples and his ascension into heaven. [2]

Contents

Text

Codex bezae greek.jpg
Greek text
Codex Bezae - Latin Luke 23-47-24-1 (The S.S. Teacher's Edition-The Holy Bible - Plate XXVI).jpg
Latin text
Luke 23:47-24:1 in Codex Bezae (Cambridge University Library MS. Nn.2.41; ~AD 400).

The original text was written in Koine Greek. Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter are:

This chapter is divided into 53 verses.

Resurrection morning (24:1–12)

Context

The narrative in chapter 24 continues the events concluding chapter 23 without a break: [3]

It was the day of Preparation, and the sabbath was beginning. The women who had come with him from Galilee followed, and they saw the tomb and how his body was laid. Then they returned, and prepared spices and ointments ... But on the first day of the week, at early dawn, they came to the tomb, taking the spices that they had prepared. They found the stone rolled away from the tomb

—  Luke 23:54–24:2: (New Revised Standard Version)

Verse 1

Now upon the first day of the week, very early in the morning, they came unto the sepulchre, bringing the spices which they had prepared, and certain others with them. [4]

Frederic Farrar, in the Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges, suggests that the words "certain others" are "probably spurious", not being part of the text in the Codex Sinaiticus, Codex Vaticanus, Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus or Codex Regius manuscripts. [5]

Traditional sites of Jesus' tomb
The Garden Tomb 2008.jpg
5267-20080122-jerusalem-tomb-of-jesus.jpg
Left: outside of Garden Tomb; right: inside of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre

Verse 10

Ending of Luke and Beginning of John on the same page of Codex Vaticanus (c. 300-325) Codex Vaticanus end or Luke.jpg
Ending of Luke and Beginning of John on the same page of Codex Vaticanus (c. 300–325)
Folio 41v of Codex Alexandrinus (c. 400-440) containing the ending of the Gospel of Luke. Codex Alexandrinus f41v - Luke.jpg
Folio 41v of Codex Alexandrinus (c. 400-440) containing the ending of the Gospel of Luke.

"The women who had come with him from Galilee" included "Mary Magdalene, Joanna, Mary the mother of James, and the other women with them".

It was Mary Magdalene, Joanna, Mary the mother of James, and the other women with them, who told these things to the apostles.

—  Luke 24:10

The names of some women are mentioned in the canonical gospels, but only Luke's gospel mentions Joanna, implying that Luke receives his special information from "one (most likely Joanna) or more than one of" the women. [6] In Luke 8:1–3 Mary called Magdalene, Joanna the wife of Chuza, and Susanna are named as women who provided material sustenance to Jesus during his travels, along with other unnamed women.

While Matthew, Mark and John mentioned the names of the women present at the cross, Luke only refers them as "the women that followed him from Galilee" (Luke 23:49), but name the women at the end in the story of the women's visit to the empty tomb (Luke 24:10). [6] The two passages with the names of some women alongside the mention of the "twelve" and "apostles", respectively (Luke 8:1–3 and Luke 24:10), "form a literary inclusio" which brackets the major part of Jesus' ministry (leaving out only the earliest part of it). [6] [a]

Verse 12

But Peter arose and ran to the tomb; and stooping down, he saw the linen cloths lying by themselves; and he departed, marveling to himself at what had happened. [7]

This verse and verse 34, "The Lord is risen indeed, and has appeared to Simon!", suggest that Peter (alone) went to the tomb, whereas verse 24, And certain of those who were with us went to the tomb and found it just as the women had said, implies more than one person. [8]

American biblical scholar Kim Dreisbach states that Greek : οθονια (othonia), translated here as "linen cloths", is "a word of uncertain meaning ... probably best translated as a generic plural for grave clothes". The same word is used in John 19:40 . [9]

The road to Emmaus (24:13–35)

Luke 24:13–35 describes Jesus' appearance to two disciples who are walking from Jerusalem to Emmaus, which is said to be 60 stadia (10.4 to 12 km, depending on the definition of stadion is used) from Jerusalem. One of the disciples is named Cleopas (verse 18), while his companion remains unnamed.

Jesus appears to the apostles (24:36–49)

Verse 36

Now as they said these things, Jesus Himself stood in the midst of them, and said to them, "Peace to you." [10]

The ascension of Jesus (24:50–53)

Verse 51

Now it came to pass, while He blessed them, that He was parted from them and carried up into heaven. [13]

The words "and carried up into heaven" are not included in some ancient texts of the gospel. [14]

Verse 53

The end (explicit) of the Gospel of Luke in Codex Brixianus from 6th century. CodexBrixianusExplicitLuke.jpg
The end (explicit) of the Gospel of Luke in Codex Brixianus from 6th century.
and were continually in the temple praising and blessing God. Amen. [15]

Luke's gospel ends where it began, [16] in the temple. [17]

The King James Version ends with the word "Amen", following the Textus Receptus, but modern critical editions of the New Testament exclude this word, as do many modern English translations. [18] In a manuscript copy of Beza's, there are added words:

The Gospel according to Saint Luke was published fifteen years after the ascension of Christ, [19] a tradition also known to the eleventh-century Byzantine bishop Theophylact of Ohrid. [20]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Luke has another bigger inclusio using Simon Peter as "both the first and the last disciple to be named in his Gospel" (Luke 4:38; Luke 24:34), similar to Mark. [6]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John 21</span> Chapter of the New Testament

John 21 is the twenty-first and final chapter of the Gospel of John in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It contains an account of a post-crucifixion appearance in Galilee, which the text describes as the third time Jesus had appeared to his disciples. In the course of this chapter, there is a miraculous catch of 153 fish, the confirmation of Peter's love for Jesus, a foretelling of Peter's death, and a comment about the beloved disciple's future.

John 20 is the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the New Testament. It relates the story of Jesus' resurrection. It relates how Mary Magdalene went to the tomb of Jesus and found it empty. Jesus appears to her and speaks of his resurrection and dispatches Mary to tell the news to the disciples. Jesus then appears to his disciples. The events related in John 20 are described somewhat differently in Matthew 28, Mark 16, and Luke 24.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John 1</span> Chapter of the New Testament

John 1 is the first chapter in the Gospel of John in the New Testament of the Holy Bible.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Matthew 28</span> Chapter of the New Testament

Matthew 28 is the twenty-eighth and final chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. This chapter records that Jesus is risen, describes the actions of the first witnesses to this event, and ends with the Great Commission.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Matthew 10</span> Chapter of the New Testament

Matthew 10 is the tenth chapter in the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament section of the Christian Bible. This chapter opens with Jesus calling some of his disciples and sending them out to preach and heal. This chapter is also known as the Mission Discourse, the Apostolic Discourse, or the Little Commission, in contrast to the Great Commission at the end of the gospel. The Apostles receiving the Little Commission are directed to enter only the towns of the "lost sheep of the house of Israel" in verse 6, but verse 18 mentions that they will also be a witness to "governors, kings and the Gentiles" while in those towns. In contrast, the Great Commission is specifically directed to all nations. This has led to debate as to whom the target audience of Jesus' original, pre-resurrection ministry was.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Matthew 23</span> Chapter of the New Testament

Matthew 23 is the twenty-third chapter in the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament section of the Christian Bible, and consists almost entirely of the accusations of Jesus against the Pharisees. The chapter is also known as the Woes of the Pharisees or the "Seven Woes". In this chapter, Jesus accuses the Pharisees of hypocrisy. Some writers treat it as part of the fifth and final discourse of Matthew's gospel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Matthew 9</span> Chapter of the New Testament

Matthew 9 is the ninth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. It continues the narrative about Jesus' ministry in Galilee as he ministers to the public, working miracles, and going through all the cities and towns of the area, preaching the gospel, and healing every disease. This chapter opens with Jesus back in "his own town", i.e. Capernaum. This chapter reflects "the crucial role of faith" in relation to healing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Matthew 11</span> Chapter of the New Testament

Matthew 11 is the eleventh chapter in the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament section of the Christian Bible. It continues the gospel's narrative about Jesus' ministry in Galilee.

Matthew 16 is the sixteenth chapter in the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament section of the Christian Bible. Jesus begins a journey to Jerusalem from the vicinity of Caesarea Philippi, near the southwestern base of Mount Hermon. Verse 24 speaks of his disciples "following him".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Matthew 17</span> Chapter of the New Testament

Matthew 17 is the seventeenth chapter in the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament section of the Christian Bible. Jesus continues his final journey to Jerusalem ministering through Galilee. William Robertson Nicoll identifies "three impressive tableaux" in this chapter: the transfiguration, the epileptic boy and the temple tribute.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Matthew 19</span> Chapter of the New Testament

Matthew 19 is the nineteenth chapter in the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament section of the Christian Bible. The book containing this chapter is anonymous, but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that Matthew composed this Gospel. Jesus commences his final journey to Jerusalem in this chapter, ministering through Perea. It can be seen as the starting point for the passion narrative.

John 16 is the sixteenth chapter of the Gospel of John in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It records Jesus' continued Farewell Discourse to his disciples, set on the last night before his crucifixion. In this chapter, Jesus speaks about the work of the Holy Spirit, the joy of the believers and his victory over the world. The book containing this chapter is anonymous, but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that John composed this Gospel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Luke 6</span> Chapter of the New Testament

Luke 6 is the sixth chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible, traditionally attributed to Luke the Evangelist, a companion of Paul the Apostle on his missionary journeys. Jesus' teaching about the Sabbath enrages the religious authorities and deepens their conflict. The selection of twelve apostles is recounted and this is followed by the "Sermon on the Plain", where key aspects of Jesus' teaching are presented.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Luke 8</span> Chapter of the New Testament

Luke 8 is the eighth chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The book containing this chapter is anonymous but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that Luke the Evangelist, a companion of Paul the Apostle on his missionary journeys, composed both this Gospel and the Acts of the Apostles. This chapter mentions the women who supported Jesus and records some of the great miracles he performed, as well as several parables told by him.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Luke 9</span> Chapter of the New Testament

Luke 9 is the ninth chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It records the sending of the twelve disciples, several great miracles performed by Jesus, the story of his transfiguration, Peter's confession and the final departure from Galilee towards Jerusalem. Scottish minister William Robertson Nicoll describes this chapter as unfolding "sundry particulars which together form the closing scenes of the Galilean ministry". The book containing this chapter is anonymous, but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that Luke the Evangelist composed this Gospel as well as the Acts of the Apostles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Luke 11</span> Chapter of the New Testament

Luke 11 is the eleventh chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It records Luke's version of the Lord's Prayer and several parables and teachings told by Jesus Christ. The book containing this chapter is anonymous, but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that Luke the Evangelist composed this Gospel as well as the Acts of the Apostles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Luke 12</span> Chapter of the New Testament

Luke 12 is the 12th chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It records a number of teachings and parables told by Jesus Christ when "an innumerable multitude of people had gathered together", but addressed "first of all" to his disciples. The book containing this chapter is anonymous, but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that Luke the Evangelist composed this Gospel as well as the Acts of the Apostles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Luke 19</span> Chapter of the New Testament

Luke 19 is the nineteenth chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It records Jesus' arrival in Jericho and his meeting with Zacchaeus, the parable of the minas and Jesus' arrival in Jerusalem. The book containing this chapter is anonymous, but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that Luke the Evangelist composed this Gospel as well as the Acts of the Apostles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Luke 23</span> Chapter of the New Testament

Luke 23 is the twenty-third chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The book containing this chapter is anonymous, but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that Luke the Evangelist composed this Gospel as well as the Acts of the Apostles. This chapter records the trial of Jesus Christ before Pontius Pilate, Jesus' meeting with Herod Antipas, and his crucifixion, death and burial.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Acts 1</span> Chapter of the New Testament

Acts 1 is the first chapter of the Acts of the Apostles in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The book containing this chapter is anonymous, but early Christian tradition affirmed that Luke composed this book as well as the Gospel of Luke. This chapter functions as a transition from the "former account" with a narrative prelude, repeated record of the ascension of Jesus Christ with more detail and the meeting of Jesus' followers, until before Pentecost.

References

  1. ↑ Holman Illustrated Bible Handbook. Holman Bible Publishers, Nashville, Tennessee. 2012.
  2. ↑ Halley, Henry H. Halley's Bible Handbook: an Abbreviated Bible Commentary. 23rd edition. Zondervan Publishing House. 1962.
  3. ↑ Nicoll, W. R., The Expositor's Greek Testament on Luke 24, accessed 7 November 2023
  4. ↑ Luke 24:1: King James Version
  5. ↑ Farrar, F. W. (1891), Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges on Luke 24, accessed 27 July 2018
  6. 1 2 3 4 Bauckham 2017, p. 131.
  7. ↑ Luke 24:12 NKJV
  8. 1 2 3 Meyer, Heinrich August Wilhelm (1880). Commentary on the New Testament. Luke 24. Translation by Peter Christie from Meyer's sixth edition. Accessed February 14, 2019.
  9. ↑ The Definitive Shroud of Turin FAQ, accessed 27 July 2018
  10. ↑ Luke 24:36: NKJV
  11. ↑ Luke 24:36 Greek text analysis. Biblehub.
  12. 1 2 Ellicott, C. J. (Ed.) (1905). Ellicott's Bible Commentary for English Readers. Luke 24. London : Cassell and Company, Limited, [1905-1906] Online version: (OCoLC) 929526708. Accessed 28 April 2019.
  13. ↑ Luke 24:51: NKJV
  14. ↑ Footnote g in the New Revised Standard Version at Luke 24:51
  15. ↑ Luke 24:53 KJV
  16. ↑ Luke 1:9
  17. ↑ Jerusalem Bible (1966), footnote at Luke 24:53
  18. ↑ BibleGateway.com, Translations of Luke 24:53
  19. ↑ Gill, J., Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible on Luke 24, accessed 28 July 2018
  20. ↑ Theophylact of Ohrid, Preface to the Gospel of Matthew Archived 2018-07-28 at the Wayback Machine , accessed 28 July 2018

Bibliography

Preceded by
Luke 23 		Chapters of the Bible
Gospel of Luke 		Succeeded by
John 1
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.