Lycium andersonii

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Lycium andersonii
Lycium andersonii 6.jpg
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe)
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Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Solanales
Family: Solanaceae
Genus: Lycium
Species:
L. andersonii
Binomial name
Lycium andersonii

Lycium andersonii is a species of flowering plant in the nightshade family, Solanaceae. Its common names include water-jacket, [1] redberry desert-thorn, [2] Anderson thornbush, Anderson's desert thorn, [3] Anderson boxthorn, [4] Anderson lycium, Anderson wolfberry, and squawberry. [5]

The species is native to the Southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, where it is distributed in New Mexico, Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah, Baja California, Sinaloa, and Sonora. [1] It grows in many habitat types and plant communities, including pinyon-juniper woodland, creosote bush scrub, sagebrush scrub, chaparral, and coastal sage scrub. [3]

This plant is a shrub growing up to about 2.7 metres (8 ft 10 in) in maximum height. It grows from a large fibrous root system which can extend over 9 metres (30 ft) from the base of the plant. The shrub is rounded in shape with many branches covered in many thin spines up to 2 centimetres (0.79 in) long. The flat leaves are thick and fleshy, measuring up to 1.7 centimetres (0.67 in) long. They are shed from the plant in dry conditions. [5] The flowers have funnel-shaped white or purple-tinged corollas up to a centimeter long. The fruit is a red or orange berry less than a centimeter long. [6]

This plant grows in sandy, gravelly washes and on slopes and mesas. It tolerates some soil salinity and alkaline soils such as caliche. It thrives in hot, dry climates. It is rarely dominant in the local flora. Common associates include creosote bush (Larrea tridentata), yellow palo verde (Parkinsonia microphylla), white bursage, (Ambrosia dumosa), smoke tree (Psorothamnus spinosus), Nevada ephedra (Ephedra nevadensis), hop sage (Grayia spinosa), pale wolfberry (Lycium pallidum), blackbrush (Coleogyne ramosissima), singlewhorl burrobrush (Hymenoclea monogyra), and Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia). [5]

It was named after Charles Lewis Anderson by Asa Gray. [7]

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References

  1. 1 2 "Lycium andersonii". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  2. ↑ Lycium andersonii. NatureServe. 2012.
  3. 1 2 Lycium andersonii. Calflora.
  4. ↑ "Anderson boxthorn". Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation and Virginia Tech . vTree. Archived from the original on 2013-06-27. Retrieved 2013-08-05.
  5. 1 2 3 Tesky, J. L. 1992. Lycium andersonii. In: Fire Effects Information System. USDA, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.
  6. ↑ "Lycium andersonii". The Jepson Manual eFlora. 2012. Retrieved August 5, 2013.
  7. ↑ Gray, Asa (1868). "Characters of New Plants of California and Elsewhere . ". Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts. 7: 388.


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