Abbreviation | M.M. |
---|---|
Formation | 1912 |
Founders | Mary Joseph Rogers |
Type | Religious Congregation (for Women) |
Headquarters | P.O. Box 317, Maryknoll, NY 10545-0317 |
Key people | Teresa Hougnon, President |
The Maryknoll Sisters, (formerly the Maryknoll Sisters of St. Dominic/Teresians) [1] are an institute of Catholic religious sisters founded in the village of Ossining, Westchester County, New York, in 1912, six months after the 1911 creation of the Maryknoll community of missionary brothers and fathers. Until 1954, when they became a pontifical institute, the religious institute was known as the Foreign Mission Sisters of St. Dominic. The sisters use the suffix "M.M." after their names.
The institute was founded in 1912 by Mother Mary Joseph (née Mary Josephine "Mollie" Rogers), from Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, a graduate of Smith College (1905). [2] [3] In 1914 one of the Teresians' earliest benefactors, Julia Ward, took Rogers to Europe. They visited Our Lady of Lourdes in France and Vatican City. This was Roger's first experience of the European Catholic approach religious congregation devoted specifically to foreign mission work. Having only been exposed to Protestant missionary attitudes at Smith College, Rogers had patterned the Teresians on that model: active, practical, and pious. [4]
The first group of sisters went to Los Angeles and Seattle in 1914 to work among the children of Japanese immigrants. In 1920, Patrick Joseph Hayes, Archbishop of New York, granted the sisters canonical approval as a diocesan religious community; they became known as "the Foreign Mission Sisters of St. Dominic" in recognition of the religious formation they have received from the Dominican Sisters of Sinsinawa. [1]
The early missionaries concentrated in East Asia, particularly China (1921) [5] and Korea (1922). World War II interrupted their work. Many Sisters were detained and deported, and two lost their lives. However, numerous South American countries were added as mission sites. Maryknoll Sisters also responded to the needs of refugees in Central America, Africa and Asia. [6]
In 1954, the community became a congregation of pontifical right and changed its name to the "Maryknoll Sisters of St. Dominic". [1] During the 1950s, the sisters produced Crusade - The Story of the Bible Retold for Catholic, a soft covered series of Bible stories for children.
As of 2023, approximately 300 women serve in 18 countries. [6] The sisters profess the evangelical counsels and devote their lives in service overseas. They continue to serve in Hong Kong. [7]
They work in a variety of fields including medicine, communications, education, agriculture, social services and spiritual formation. In North Carolina they operate Helping Hand Developmental Center for pre-schoolers, [8] and St. Gerard House for people affected by autism. [9]
In 1930, at the invitation of Archbishop John Joseph Cantwell, the order purchased a tuberculosis sanatorium in Monrovia, California in order to treat Asian tuberculosis victims within the Archdiocese of Los Angeles. [10] The sanatorium was replaced with a modern hospital during the 1950s. In the 1970s the campus was converted into a residence for the order's retirees during the 1970s. [11] The sisters remain active in a variety of ministries. As of 2021, a portion of the six acre site has been put to use by a local non-profit to start a tree-nursery and community garden. [12]
In 2012 the Maryknoll Sisters set aside 42 acres of their 67-acre campus in Ossining, New York as a conservation easement which includes both native woodlands and wetlands. [13]
Some of the schools the sisters founded are Maryknoll Convent School in Kowloon, Hong Kong; and Holy Spirit School (later Maryknoll Sisters' School, now Marymount Secondary School) in Happy Valley, Hong Kong.
The Order of Preachers, also known as the Dominican Order, is a Catholic mendicant order of pontifical right that was founded in France by a Castilian priest named Dominic de Guzmán. It was approved by Pope Honorius III via the papal bull Religiosam vitam on 22 December 1216. Members of the order, who are referred to as Dominicans, generally display the letters OP after their names, standing for Ordinis Praedicatorum, meaning 'of the Order of Preachers'. Membership in the order includes friars, nuns, active sisters, and lay or secular Dominicans. More recently, there has been a growing number of associates of the religious sisters who are unrelated to the tertiaries.
The Maryknoll Society is is a Catholic society of apostolic life for men founded in the United States to serve as missionaries to the poor and marginalized.
James Anthony Walsh was the co-founder of Maryknoll Fathers and Brothers.
Thomas Frederick Price, MM was the American co-founder of the Catholic Foreign Mission Society of America, better known as the Maryknoll Fathers and Brothers.
The Franciscan Missionaries of Mary are a Roman Catholic centralized religious institute of consecrated life of Pontifical Right for women founded by Mother Mary of the Passion at Ootacamund, then British India, in 1877. The missionaries form an international religious congregation of women representing 77 nationalities spread over 74 countries on five continents.
Miriam College is a non-stock, non-profit Filipino Catholic educational institution for girls and young women in Quezon City, Philippines.
The Congregation of the Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres (SPC) is a Roman Catholic religious apostolic missionary congregation of pontifical right for teaching, nursing, visiting the poor and taking care of orphans, the old and infirm, and the mentally ill. It was founded in Levesville-la-Chenard, France, in 1696.
Francis Xavier Ford, MM was an American bishop of the Catholic Church and a Maryknoll missionary in China. Because of his torture by the Communist Chinese and death in prison in 1952, he is considered a martyr, and the cause for his canonization has begun, granting him the religious title of Servant of God.
The Dominican Order was first established in the United States by Edward Fenwick in the early 19th century. The first Dominican institution in the United States was the Province of Saint Joseph, which was established in 1805. Additionally, there have been numerous institutes of Dominican Sisters and Nuns.
Adolph John Paschang, MM was an American Catholic bishop who was a member of the Maryknoll society. He was also a relief worker and educator working in the southern part of China in the early 20th century.
Edward Leo Krumpelmann was an American Maryknoll Catholic priest, missionary, relief worker, medical aid worker and educator working in Kongmoon, Guangdong Province, China and Hong Kong in the mid 20th century. He served as vice rector of Mountain View, California, and established the Catholic parish of Kwun Tong, Hong Kong, and the local Catholic school whose buildings hosted the parish church.
Maryhill College formerly Maryknoll is a non-stock, non-profit Roman Catholic basic and higher educational institution in Lucena City, Philippines. It was founded in 1938 initially named as Lucena Catholic School and eventually become Maryknoll Academy on the same year. The school is part of the mission of the Maryknoll Sisters of St. Dominic. The school has basic education which is composed of primary and secondary education, and also has higher education.
John James Rudin, M.M. was an American-born Catholic missionary and bishop. As a member of the Catholic Foreign Mission Society of America (Maryknoll), he was engaged in education in the United States before he was assigned to the missions in Tanzania. He served as the Bishop of Musoma from 1957 to 1979.
Mary Joseph Rogers, MM was the founder of the Maryknoll Sisters, the first congregation of Catholic women in the United States to organize a global mission. Rogers attended Smith College and was inspired in 1904 by graduating Protestant students preparing to leave for missionary work in China. After her graduation, she returned to the school and founded a mission club for Catholic students in 1905.
Alonso Manuel Escalante was a Roman Catholic prelate and missionary, in South America. He was also known as the "Vagabond of God."
Janice McLaughlin was an American Catholic nun, missionary, and human rights activist. While working as the press secretary for the Catholic Commission for Justice and Peace in the 1970s, she was imprisoned by the white minority government in Rhodesia for exposing atrocities and human rights violations committed against the country's black citizens. She was placed in solitary confinement and, after intervention from the Vatican and the United States federal government, she was deported to the United States. She returned two years later to the newly established country of Zimbabwe to create an educational system, at the request of Prime Minister Robert Mugabe. In her later years she served as the president of the Maryknoll Sisters of St. Dominic in New York and worked as an anti-human trafficking activist.
Catholic religious institutions, associations, and communities in Macau operate in the territory of the Macau Special Administrative Region (MSAR), which is currently under the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Diocese of Macau, founded on 23 January 1576. Besides its diocesan priests, this Catholic diocese is assisted by various male and female religious orders, congregations, and institutes. The diocese is also supported by various institutions, movements, brotherhoods, and associations of Catholic inspiration made up of lay and religious people. All these Catholic bodies provide a variety of religious, social, educational, welfare, and cultural services to the Catholic and non-Catholic populations of Macau.
Maryknoll is a Catholic non-profit mission movement consisting of four organizations. Together, they work as missioners around the world as Lay People, Priests, Brothers and Sisters.