McDonnell Douglas Phantom in UK service - data

Royal Navy Phantom in 1977

A total of 185 F-4 Phantoms were produced for and operated by the United Kingdom between 1968 and 1992. Between 1966 and 1969, 170 Phantoms were specially built for the UK, replacing the de Havilland Sea Vixen in the fleet air defence role for the Royal Navy, and the Hawker Hunter in the close air support and tactical reconnaissance roles in the Royal Air Force. Subsequently, when replaced by the SEPECAT Jaguar for close air support and reconnaissance, the Phantom replaced the English Electric Lightning as the UK's primary air defence interceptor. The Phantom was operated by the Royal Navy until 1978, when HMS Ark Royal, the only British ship capable of operating the aircraft, was decommissioned. Following this, the Royal Navy's Phantoms were turned over to the Royal Air Force. In 1984, a batch of 15 former United States Navy and United States Marine Corps Phantoms were obtained by the Royal Air Force to form an additional squadron. The Phantom began to be replaced by the air defence variant of the Panavia Tornado from 1987, and was finally withdrawn from service in 1992.

Basic specifications

Comparison of variants ^{[1] [2]}

Variant		Powerplant	Speed (at 40,000 ft)	Ceiling	Range	Weight		Wingspan	Length	Height	Production total
						Empty	Maximum
FG.1 [1]		2 x Rolls-Royce Spey 201/203 low-bypass turbofan	1,386 mph (2,231 km/h)	57,200 ft (17,400 m)	1,750 mi (2,820 km)	31,000 lb (14,000 kg)	58,000 lb (26,000 kg)	38 ft 5 in (11.71 m)	57 ft 7 in (17.55 m)	16 ft 1 in (4.90 m) [a]	52
FGR.2 [1]		2 x Rolls-Royce Spey 202/204 low-bypass turbofan									118
F.3 [2]		2 x General Electric J79-10B axial flow turbojet	1,428 mph (2,298 km/h)	64,700 ft (19,700 m)		29,900 lb (13,600 kg)			58 ft 3 in (17.75 m)	15 ft 8 in (4.78 m)	15

Comparison of Phantom FG.1 with Sea Vixen and Lightning

Comparison of Sea Vixen FAW.2, ^[4] Lightning F.6 ^[5] and Phantom FG.1 ^[1]

Aircraft		Powerplant	Thrust (each engine)	Speed (at 40,000 ft)	Ceiling	Range		Armament (air defence)	Avionics
						Combat	Maximum
Sea Vixen [4]		2 x Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.208 turbojets	11,000 lbf (49 kN)	700 mph (1,100 km/h)	48,000 ft (15,000 m)	600 mi (970 km)	2,000 mi (3,200 km)	4 x Firestreak or Red Top air to air missile (AAM)	GEC AI.18 X-band radar
Lightning [5]		2 x Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.301 turbojets	12,690 lbf (56.4 kN) dry thrust 16,360 lbf (72.8 kN) with afterburner	1,500 mph (2,400 km/h)	60,000 ft (18,000 m)	800 mi (1,300 km)	1,250 mi (2,010 km)	2 x Firestreak or Red Top AAM 2 x 30mm ADEN cannon	Ferranti AI.23 X-band monopulse radar
Phantom [1]		2 x Rolls-Royce Spey Mk.203 turbofans	12,140 lbf (54.0 kN) 20,515 lbf (91.26 kN) with afterburner	1,386 mph (2,231 km/h)	57,200 ft (17,400 m)	1,000 mi (1,600 km)	1,750 mi (2,820 km)	4 x AIM-7 Sparrow or Skyflash AAM 4 x AIM-9 Sidewinder AAM [b]	Ferranti AN/AWG-11 X-band multi-mode radar

List of surviving complete aircraft and aircraft sections

While the majority of UK Phantoms were ultimately scrapped, a number of complete examples survived after the type's final withdrawal in 1992, either preserved in museums, or for further use as static articles by other units. Additionally, a number of examples that were ultimately scrapped had sections preserved for display in museums. These surviving complete examples and preserved sections are listed. ^{[6] [7] [c]}

YF-4K Phantom XT596 at the Fleet Air Arm Museum, Yeovilton

F-4M Phantom XV424 at the RAF Museum, Hendon

F-4J(UK) Phantom ZE359 in its original identity as BuNo 155529 of VF-74 at the Imperial War Museum Duxford

Nose section of F-4K Phantom XV591 at the RAF Museum, Cosford

Aircraft serial	Variant	First UK operator	Final UK operator	Fate	Notes
XT596	YF-4K	Rolls-Royce	British Aerospace	Preserved (Yeovilton)	Oldest preserved UK Phantom [11]
XT597	F-4K	Ministry of Defence (Procurement Executive)	Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establishment	Preserved (Kemble)	Final UK Phantom to fly [12] Under restoration by BPAG [13]
XT863	F-4K	700P Naval Air Squadron	No. 43 Squadron	Scrapped	Nose section stored (Cowes)
XT864	F-4K	700P Naval Air Squadron	No. 111 Squadron	Preserved (Lisburn)
XT891	F-4M	No. 228 OCU	No. 74 Squadron	Preserved (Coningsby)	Gate guardian
XT895	F-4M	No. 228 OCU	No. 74 Squadron	Scrapped	Nose section preserved
XT899	F-4M	No. 228 OCU	No. 19 Squadron	Preserved (Kbely)
XT903	F-4M	No. 228 OCU	No. 56 Squadron	Scrapped	Nose section preserved (Cosford)
XT905	F-4M	No. 54 Squadron	No. 74 Squadron	Preserved (Kemble)	Under restoration by BPAG [14]
XT914	F-4M	No. 228 OCU	No. 74 Squadron	Preserved (Wattisham)
XV399	F-4M	No. 228 OCU	No. 56 Squadron	Scrapped	Nose section preserved (Vik)
XV401	F-4M	No. 228 OCU	No. 74 Squadron	Preserved (Bentwaters)
XV402	F-4M	No. 31 Squadron	No. 56 Squadron	Scrapped	Nose section preserved
XV406	F-4M	Ministry of Defence	No. 228 OCU	Preserved (Carlisle)
XV408	F-4M	No. 6 Squadron	No. 92 Squadron	Preserved (Tangmere)
XV409	F-4M	No. 228 OCU	No. 1435 Flight	Scrapped	Nose section preserved (Stanley)
XV415	F-4M	No. 54 Squadron	No. 56 Squadron	Preserved (Boulmer)	Gate guardian
XV419	F-4M	No. 54 Squadron	No. 19 Squadron	Scrapped	Nose section preserved (Ruthin)
XV424	F-4M	No. 6 Squadron	No. 56 Squadron	Preserved (Hendon)
XV426	F-4M	No. 31 Squadron	No. 56 Squadron	Scrapped	Nose section preserved (Norwich) [15]
XV460	F-4M	No. 14 Squadron	No. 74 Squadron	Scrapped	Nose section preserved (Bentwaters)
XV470	F-4M	No. 2 Squadron	No. 56 Squadron	Stored (Akrotiri)
XV474	F-4M	No. 17 Squadron	No. 74 Squadron	Preserved (Duxford)	First Phantom in air superiority grey [16]
XV489	F-4M	No. 2 Squadron	No. 92 Squadron	Scrapped	Nose section preserved
XV490	F-4M	No. 54 Squadron	No. 74 Squadron	Scrapped	Nose section preserved (Newark)
XV497	F-4M	No. 41 Squadron	No. 74 Squadron	Preserved (Flixton)	Final RAF Phantom to fly [1]
XV499	F-4M	No. 228 OCU	No. 74 Squadron	Scrapped	Nose section stored (St Athan)
XV581	F-4K	No. 43 Squadron		Scrapped	Nose section preserved (Aberdeen)
XV582	F-4K	No. 43 Squadron	No. 228 OCU	Preserved (St Athan)
XV586	F-4K	892 Naval Air Squadron	No. 43 Squadron	Preserved (Yeovilton)
XV591	F-4K	892 Naval Air Squadron	No. 111 Squadron	Scrapped	Nose section preserved (Cosford)
ZE350	F-4J(UK)	No. 74 Squadron		Scrapped	Nose section preserved (Adelaide) Preserved in US Navy livery [17]
ZE352	F-4J(UK)	No. 74 Squadron		Scrapped	Nose section preserved (Preston)
ZE359	F-4J(UK)	No. 74 Squadron		Preserved (Duxford)	Preserved in US Navy livery [18]
ZE360	F-4J(UK)	No. 74 Squadron		Preserved (Kemble)	Formerly used for firefighting training Under restoration by BPAG [19]

Phantom bases

Phantoms of 892 Naval Air Squadron on the ramp at RNAS Yeovilton.

A Phantom of No. 23 Squadron catches the wire upon landing at RAF Stanley.

• United Kingdom ^{[20] [21]}
  • RNAS Yeovilton
    • 700P Naval Air Squadron April 1968 to February 1969
    • 767 Naval Air Squadron January 1969 to August 1972
    • 892 Naval Air Squadron March 1969 to September 1972
  • RAF Leuchars
    • 892 Naval Air Squadron October 1972 to April 1978
    • No. 43 Squadron September 1969 to July 1989
    • No. 64 (R) Squadron ^[d] April 1987 to January 1991
    • No. 111 Squadron July 1974 to January 1990
    • Phantom Training Flight August 1972 to May 1978
  • RAF Coningsby
    • No. 29 Squadron December 1974 to March 1987
    • No. 41 Squadron April 1972 to April 1977
    • No. 54 Squadron August 1969 to April 1974
    • No. 6 Squadron May 1969 to October 1974
    • No. 64 (R) Squadron ^{[e] [d]} July 1970 to April 1987
  • RAF Wattisham
    • No. 23 Squadron November 1975 to March 1983
    • No. 56 Squadron March 1976 to June 1992
    • No. 74 Squadron July 1984 to September 1992
    • Phantom Training Flight January 1991 to January 1992
• Germany ^[21]
  • RAF Laarbruch
    • No. 2 Squadron December 1970 to February 1976
  • RAF Brüggen
    • No. 14 Squadron June 1970 to January 1976
    • No. 17 Squadron July 1970 to July 1975
    • No. 31 Squadron July 1971 to June 1976
  • RAF Wildenrath
    • No. 19 Squadron December 1976 to January 1992
    • No. 92 Squadron March 1977 to July 1991
• Falkland Islands ^[21]
  • RAF Stanley
    • No 23 Squadron March 1983 to May 1985
    • No 29 Squadron (Detachment) October 1982 to March 1983
  • RAF Mount Pleasant
    • No 23 Squadron May 1985 to November 1988
    • No. 1435 Flight November 1988 to June 1992

Accidents and incidents

Over the course of the Phantom's service with the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force, a total of 47 aircraft were lost to crashes, while another 8 were damaged and not repaired. ^[22]

Date	Variant	Aircraft serial	Operator	Location	Country	Fatalities	Description	Notes
9 July 1969	FGR.2	XV395	No. 6 Squadron	Horncastle, Lincolnshire	United Kingdom	0	Crash due to loss of hydraulic pressure leading to locking of controls	[23]
3 May 1970	FG.1	XV566	A&AEE [f]	Lyme Bay, Dorset	United Kingdom	2	Crashed into Lyme Bay; no trace of aircraft found	[24]
19 May 1971	FG.1	XT862	767 Naval Air Squadron	Off Newquay, Cornwall	United Kingdom	0	Crash due to engine flameout	[25]
29 June 1971	FG.1	XV565	892 Naval Air Squadron	Off Mayport, Florida	United States	0	Crash while undertaking low level air combat manoeuvring	[26]
12 October 1971	FGR.2	XV479	No. 54 Squadron	Holstebro, Holstebro Municipality	Denmark	0+2 [g]	Crash due to engine failure	[27]
15 October 1971	FGR.2	XT904	No. 228 OCU	Off Cromer, Norfolk	United Kingdom	0	Crash following loss of aerodynamic control in spin	[28]
10 January 1972	FG.1	XT876	767 Naval Air Squadron	Trevose Head, Cornwall	United Kingdom	1	Crash following loss of aerodynamic control in spin	[29]
14 February 1972	FGR.2	XT913	No. 228 OCU	Off Happisburgh, Norfolk	United Kingdom	0	Crash due to hydraulic failure	[30]
20 November 1972	FGR.2	XV477	No. 6 Squadron	Scarrowmanwick Fell, Cumbria	United Kingdom	2	Crash into Fell as a result of attempt to climb to altitude due to poor visibility at lower level	[31]
1 June 1973	FGR.2	XV397	No. 17 Squadron	Kempen, North Rhine-Westphalia	West Germany	1	Crash following steep dive as a result of instrument failure	[32]
25 June 1973	FGR.2	XV440	No. 31 Squadron	Off Vlieland, Friesland	Netherlands	2	Crash believed to be due to pilot error	[33]
17 July 1973	FG.1	XT871	892 Naval Air Squadron	Firth of Forth	United Kingdom	0	Crash due to engine failure	[34]
22 August 1973	FGR.2	XV427	No. 17 Squadron	Arfeld, North-Rhine Westphalia	West Germany	2	Crashed into high-ground during low level sortie	[35]
15 October 1973	FG.1	XT869	892 Naval Air Squadron	Tentsmuir Forest, Fife	United Kingdom	0	Crash due to engine failure	[36]
9 August 1974	FGR.2	XV493	No. 41 Squadron	Fordham Fen, Norfolk	United Kingdom	2+1 [h]	Crash following mid-air collision	[37]
11 October 1974	FGR.2	XV431	No. 31 Squadron	RAF Brüggen	West Germany	0	Crash due to wing tips being left unlocked and folding on take-off	[38]
21 November 1974	FGR.2	XV441	No. 14 Squadron	Maasbree, Limburg	Netherlands	0	Crash due to engine fire on take-off	[39]
3 March 1975	FGR.2	XV416	No. 111 Squadron	Coningsby, Lincolnshire	United Kingdom	0	Crash due to engine failure	[40]
18 September 1975	FG.1	XV580	No. 43 Squadron	Kirriemuir, Tayside	United Kingdom	0	Crash due to loss of control during practice sortie for air display	[41]
24 November 1975	FGR.2	XV405	No. 228 OCU	Skegness, Lincolnshire	United Kingdom	0	Crash due to loss of control	[42]
17 December 1975	FGR.2	XV463	No. 41 Squadron	Mawbray, Cumbria	United Kingdom	2	Crash due to loss of control	[43]
23 July 1976	FGR.2	XV417	No. 29 Squadron	Mablethorpe, Lincolnshire	United Kingdom	0	Crash during air combat manoeuvring when wing tip folded due to loose securing bolt	[44]
18 May 1977	FG.1	XV588	892 Naval Air Squadron	RAF Leuchars	United Kingdom	0	Aircraft burnt out due to engine fire during aborted take-off	[45]
12 May 1978	FG.1	XT868	892 Naval Air Squadron	RAF Leuchars	United Kingdom	1	Crash due to engine flameout	[46]
24 July 1978	FGR.2	XV483	No. 92 Squadron	Drenke, North-Rhine Westphalia	West Germany	2	Crash during practice intercept	[47]
4 August 1978	FGR.2	XV403	No. 111 Squadron	Off Aberdeen, Aberdeenshire	United Kingdom	2	Crash during practice intercept	[48]
23 November 1978	FG.1	XT598	No. 111 Squadron	St Andrews Bay, Fife	United Kingdom	2	Crash during landing approach	[49]
28 February 1979	FG.1	XV578	No. 111 Squadron	Off Montrose, Angus	United Kingdom	0	Crash due to engine failure	[50]
5 March 1980	FGR.2	XV436	No. 29 Squadron	RAF Coningsby	United Kingdom	0	Aircraft ran off runway having missed arrestor cable following hydraulic failure	[51]
3 June 1980	FG.1	XV589	No. 111 Squadron	RAF Alconbury	United Kingdom	0	Crash due to loss of aerodynamic stability from nose radome unlocking and folding back	[52]
11 July 1980	FGR.2	XV418	No. 92 Squadron	Lohne, Lower Saxony	West Germany	2	Crash due to loss of control during manoeuvring	[53]
12 November 1980	FGR.2	XV413	No. 29 Squadron	Off Cromer, Norfolk	United Kingdom	2	Crashed into the North Sea during night flying	[54]
9 December 1980	FGR.2	XV414	No. 23 Squadron	Off Great Yarmouth, Norfolk	United Kingdom	0	Crash due to fire caused by ignition of fuel leak	[55]
9 July 1981	FG.1	XT866	No. 43 Squadron	RAF Leuchars	United Kingdom	0	Crash on landing due to loss of control as a result of slipstream	[56]
14 April 1982	FGR.2	XT912	No. 228 OCU	Billinghay, Lincolnshire	United Kingdom	0	Crash due to mid-air collision with second aircraft in formation	[57]
7 July 1982	FGR.2	XV491	No. 29 Squadron	Off Cromer, Norfolk	United Kingdom	2	Crash in fog due to faulty altimeter	[58]
17 October 1983	FGR.2	XV484	No. 23 Squadron	Mount Usbourne, Falkland Islands	Falkland Islands	2	Crashed into mountain following descent through cloud	[59]
31 July 1985	FG.1	XT857	No. 111 Squadron	RAF Leuchars	United Kingdom	0	Aircraft overran runway on landing	[60]
7 January 1986	FGR.2	XV434	No. 29 Squadron	Walden Head, North Yorkshire	United Kingdom	0	Crash due to loss of control	[61]
3 July 1986	FGR.2	XV471	No. 19 Squadron	Rath-Anhoven, North-Rhine Westphalia	West Germany	0	Crash due to fire destroying stabilator control unit, leading to total loss of control	[62]
26 August 1987	F.3	ZE358	No. 74 Squadron	Pant-y-Gwair, Dyfed	United Kingdom	2	Crash while undertaking low level air combat manoeuvring	[63]
7 September 1987	FG.1	XT861	No. 43 Squadron	Off Firth of Tay, Perthshire	United Kingdom	0	Crash as a result of mid-air collision	[64]
20 April 1988	FG.1	XT860	No. 43 Squadron	Leuchars, Fife	United Kingdom	2	Crash as a result of poor visibility due to sea fog	[65]
2 August 1988	FGR.2	XV501	No. 56 Squadron	Mayenne, Pays de la Loire	France	0	Crash due to loss of control during practice intercept	[66]
23 September 1988	FGR.2	XV428	No. 228 OCU	RAF Abingdon	United Kingdom	2	Crash during aerobatic manoeuvre	[67]
18 October 1988	FGR.2	XV437	No. 92 Squadron	Holzminden, Lower Saxony	West Germany	0	Crash due to engine failure	[68]
9 January 1989	FGR.2	XT908	No. 228 OCU	Off Dundee, Tayside	United Kingdom	1	Crash due to loss of control following pilot loss of consciousness	[69]
24 April 1989	FGR.2	XT893	No. 56 Squadron	Flamborough Head, North Yorkshire	United Kingdom	0	Crash following loss of aerodynamic control in spin	[70]
1 April 1990	FGR.2	XV478	No. 19 Squadron	RAF Wildenrath	West Germany	0	Aircraft caught fire while on the ground	[71]
30 April 1990	FGR.2	XV402	No. 56 Squadron	RAF Valley	United Kingdom	0	Aircraft caught fire during landing due to tyre burst	[72]
9 October 1990	FGR.2	XV394	No. 92 Squadron	RAF Wildenrath	Germany	0	Aircraft sustained minor damage on landing - not repaired due to imminent retirement of type	[73]
8 January 1991	FGR.2	XV462	No. 19 Squadron	Off Limassol, Limassol District	Cyprus	0	Crash due to uncontrollable roll	[74]
12 August 1991	FGR.2	XV438	No. 56 Squadron	RAF Wattisham	United Kingdom	0	Aircraft damaged due to mid-air collision - not repaired due to imminent retirement of type	[75]
30 October 1991	FGR.2	XV421	No. 1435 Flight	Off McBrides Head, Falkland Islands	Falkland Islands	2	Crash believed due to crew disorientation in cloud	[76]
15 July 1992	FGR.2	XV473	No. 56 Squadron	RAF Waddington	United Kingdom	0	Aircraft damaged by faulty fuel pump - not repaired due to imminent retirement of type	[77]

Phantom units

Unit	Formed	Variant	Role	Previous operations (withdrawn)	Disbanded	Replaced by	Reference
700P Naval Air Squadron	1968	FG.1	Operational Evaluation [i]	Wessex HAS.3 [j] (1967)	1969 [k]	Sea King HAS.1 [l]	[20]
767 Naval Air Squadron	1969		Operational Conversion	Attacker FB.2 (1955) [m]	1972	N/A [n]	[20]
892 Naval Air Squadron	1969 [k]		Fleet Air Defence	Sea Vixen FAW.2 (1969)	1978	no replacement [o]	[85]
No. 2 Squadron	1970	FGR.2	Tactical Reconnaissance	Hunter FR.10 (1970)	1976	Jaguar GR.1	[86] [87]
No. 6 Squadron	1969	FGR.2	Close Air Support/Tactical Strike	Canberra B.16 (1969)	1974		[88]
No. 14 Squadron	1970	FGR.2		Canberra B(I).8 (1970)	1975		[89]
No. 17 Squadron	1970	FGR.2		Canberra PR.7 [p] (1970)	1975		[91]
No. 19 Squadron	1977	FGR.2	Air Defence	Lightning F.2A (1977)	1992	Hawk T.1 [q]	[95]
No. 23 Squadron	1975	FGR.2		Lightning F.3/F.6 (1975)	1988	Tornado F.3	[96]
No. 29 Squadron	1975	FGR.2		Lightning F.3/F.6 (1975)	1987		[97]
No. 31 Squadron	1971	FGR.2	Close Air Support/Tactical Strike	Canberra PR.7 [p] (1971)	1976	Jaguar GR.1	[98]
No. 41 Squadron	1972	FGR.2	Tactical Reconnaissance [r]	Bloodhound Mk.2 SAM (1970)	1977		[100]
No. 43 Squadron	1969	FG.1	Air Defence	Hunter FGA.9 [s] (1967)	1989	Tornado F.3	[102]
No. 54 Squadron	1969	FGR.2	Close Air Support/Tactical Strike	Hunter FGA.9 (1969)	1974	Jaguar GR.1	[103]
No. 56 Squadron	1976	FGR.2	Air Defence	Lightning F.6 (1976)	1992	Tornado F.3 [t]	[105]
No. 64 Squadron [d]	1968	FGR.2 [u]	Operational Conversion	Javelin FAW.7/FAW.9 [v] (1967)	1991	N/A	[108]
No. 74 Squadron	1984	F.3 [w]	Air Defence	Lightning F.6 (1971)	1991	Hawk T.1A [q]	[93]
No. 92 Squadron	1977	FGR.2		Lightning F.2A (1977)	1992		[109]
No. 111 Squadron	1974	FGR.2 [x]		Lightning F.3/F.6 (1974)	1990	Tornado F.3	[110]
No. 1435 Flight	1988	FGR.2		N/A [y]	1992		[111]
Phantom Training Flight [z]	1972	FG.1	Operational Conversion	N/A	1978	N/A	[21]
	1991	FGR.2	Refresher Training		1992

Notes

1. 16 ft 9 in (5.11 m) with Radar Warning Receiver ^[3]
2. Phantoms serving in the RAF were also capable of carrying the SUU-23/A gun pod, which featured a 20mm M61 rotary cannon
3. Other Phantoms are also on display in the UK – a former United States Air Force F-4C version (63-7699) is preserved at the Midland Air Museum in Coventry; the museum has a second F-4C (63-7414) that was used as a spares source for the display example. ^[8] A third F-4C, painted to represent 65-0777, is mounted on display at the "Wings of Liberty Airpark" at RAF Lakenheath. ^[9] An ex-United States Marine Corps F-4S (BuNo 155848) at the National Museum of Flight in East Fortune. ^[10]
4. No. 64 Squadron was the "shadow" squadron number of No. 228 Operational Conversion Unit ^[106]
5. No. 228 OCU was originally formed in August 1968, and was assigned the shadow squadron identity of No. 64 Squadron in July 1970. ^[21]
6. On loan from 892 Naval Air Squadron. ^[24]
7. The aircrew survived, but two civilians on the ground were killed. ^[27]
8. Both the crew of the Phantom and the pilot of the second aircraft were killed. ^[37]
9. 700 NAS is the assigned number to all units evaluating new aircraft for the Fleet Air Arm ^[78]
10. As 700H NAS ^[79]
11. Upon being disbanded, 700P NAS formed the nucleus of 892 NAS ^[80]
12. As 700S NAS ^[81]
13. The Attacker was used as a trainer for deck landing control officers ^[82]
14. Phantom conversion training was undertaken by the Phantom Training Flight following the disbanding of 767 NAS ^[83]
15. Following the decommissioning of HMS Ark Royal in 1978, the Royal Navy was no longer able to operate conventional fixed wing aircraft at sea. The British Aerospace Sea Harrier was introduced into both the air defence (replacing the Phantom) and strike (replacing the Buccaneer) roles in the Fleet Air Arm with 800 NAS and 801 NAS in 1980 ^[84]
16. The Canberra was used in the tactical reconnaissance role ^[90]
17. The instances where the Phantom was replaced in squadron service by the Hawk were a result of the "Options for Change" defence cuts, with the squadrons being transferred to training roles ^{[92] [93] [94]}
18. 41 Squadron converted to this role from being an air defence SAM squadron ^[99]
19. The Hunter was used in the close air support role ^[101]
20. This unit became the "shadow" squadron number of 229 OCU, the Tornado OCU ^[104]
21. No. 228 Operational Conversion Unit was the training unit for the FGR.2 from 1968 until 1978, with training on the FG.1 provided first by 767 Naval Air Squadron, and then the Phantom Training Flight. 228 OCU assumed responsibility for all Phantom training in 1978. ^[21]
22. The Javelin squadron was an operational interceptor unit ^[107]
23. No. 74 Squadron converted to the FGR.2 in 1991 prior to disbanding ^[21]
24. No. 111 Squadron converted to the FG.1 in 1979 ^[21]
25. The original No. 1435 Flight served from December 1941 to April 1945 ^[111]
26. The Phantom Training Flight was originally established in 1972 as the FG.1 conversion unit following the disbanding of 767 NAS. It was later reformed to provide refresher training on the FGR.2 in the final year of RAF Phantom operations. ^[21]

Citations

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3. Gledhill 2017, p. 48
4. Hobbs 1982, p. 20.
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16. Burke, Damien (11 January 2012). "XV474 – Imperial War Museum, Duxford, Cambridgeshire". Thunder and Lightnings. Archived from the original on 23 May 2022. Retrieved 10 June 2016.
17. "F-4J Phantom II Cockpit Section". Aero Antique. Archived from the original on 24 April 2024. Retrieved 31 December 2024.
18. Burke, Damien (17 April 2005). "155529 – American Air Museum, IWM Duxford, Cambridgeshire". Thunder and Lightnings. Archived from the original on 23 May 2022. Retrieved 10 June 2016.
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