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This is a list of the members of the Australian House of Representatives in the Sixth Australian Parliament, which was elected at the 1914 election on 5 September 1914.
There was a significant change in the party system during the Sixth Parliament. There was a split in the Australian Labor Party on 14 November 1916, when the then Prime Minister Billy Hughes walked out of a meeting of the Labor caucus over the issue of conscription along with twenty-four of his supporters, who were all then expelled from the party. Hughes and his followers became the informal "National Labor Party", which formed a minority government until merging with the Commonwealth Liberal Party on 17 February 1917 to form the Nationalist Party of Australia.
Member | Party | Electorate | State | In office | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Percy Abbott | Liberal / Nationalist | New England | NSW | 1913–1919 | |
Frank Anstey | Labor | Bourke | Vic | 1910–1934 | |
William Archibald | Labor / National Labor / Nationalist | Hindmarsh | SA | 1910–1919 | |
John Arthur [1] | Labor | Bendigo | Vic | 1913–1914 | |
Llewellyn Atkinson | Liberal / Nationalist | Wilmot | Tas | 1906–1929 | |
Fred Bamford | Labor / National Labor / Nationalist | Herbert | Qld | 1901–1925 | |
Sir Robert Best | Liberal / Nationalist | Kooyong | Vic | 1910–1922 | |
James Boyd | Liberal / Nationalist | Henty | Vic | 1913–1919 | |
Frank Brennan | Labor | Batman | Vic | 1911–1931, 1934–1949 | |
Reginald Burchell | Labor / National Labor / Nationalist | Fremantle | WA | 1913–1922 | |
George Burns | Labor | Illawarra | NSW | 1913–1917 | |
Ernest Carr | Labor / National Labor / Nationalist | Macquarie | NSW | 1906–1917 | |
James Catts | Labor | Cook | NSW | 1906–1922 | |
John Chanter | Labor / National Labor / Nationalist | Riverina | NSW | 1901–1903, 1904–1913, 1914–1922 | |
Austin Chapman | Liberal / Nationalist | Eden-Monaro | NSW | 1901–1926 | |
Matthew Charlton | Labor | Hunter | NSW | 1910–1928 | |
Joseph Cook | Liberal / Nationalist | Parramatta | NSW | 1901–1921 | |
Edward Corser [2] | Liberal / Nationalist | Wide Bay | Qld | 1915–1928 | |
George Dankel | Labor / National Labor / Nationalist | Boothby | SA | 1913–1917 | |
James Fenton | Labor | Maribyrnong | Vic | 1910–1934 | |
William Finlayson | Labor | Brisbane | Qld | 1910–1919 | |
Andrew Fisher [2] | Labor | Wide Bay | Qld | 1901–1915 | |
William Fleming | Liberal / Nationalist | Robertson | NSW | 1913–1922 | |
Sir John Forrest | Liberal / Nationalist | Swan | WA | 1901–1918 | |
Richard Foster | Liberal / Nationalist | Wakefield | SA | 1909–1928 | |
James Fowler | Liberal / Nationalist | Perth | WA | 1901–1922 | |
Paddy Glynn | Liberal / Nationalist | Angas | SA | 1901–1919 | |
Henry Gregory | Liberal / Nationalist | Dampier | WA | 1913–1940 | |
Littleton Groom | Liberal / Nationalist | Darling Downs | Qld | 1901–1929, 1931–1936 | |
Alfred Hampson [1] | Labor | Bendigo | Vic | 1915–1917 | |
Joseph Hannan | Labor | Fawkner | Vic | 1913–1917 | |
William Higgs | Labor | Capricornia | Qld | 1910–1922 | |
Robert Howe [3] | Labor | Dalley | NSW | 1910–1915 | |
Billy Hughes | Labor / National Labor / Nationalist | West Sydney | NSW | 1901–1952 | |
Sir William Irvine | Liberal / Nationalist | Flinders | Vic | 1906–1918 | |
Jens Jensen | Labor / National Labor / Nationalist | Bass | Tas | 1910–1919 | |
Elliot Johnson | Liberal / Nationalist | Lang | NSW | 1903–1928 | |
Edward Jolley [4] | Labor | Grampians | Vic | 1914–1915 | |
Willie Kelly | Liberal / Nationalist | Wentworth | NSW | 1903–1919 | |
John Livingston | Liberal / Nationalist | Barker | SA | 1906–1922 | |
John Lynch | Labor / National Labor / Nationalist | Werriwa | NSW | 1914–1919 | |
Hugh Mahon | Labor | Kalgoorlie | WA | 1901–1917, 1919–1920 | |
William Mahony [3] | Labor | Dalley | NSW | 1915–1927 | |
William Maloney | Labor | Melbourne | Vic | 1904–1940 | |
Chester Manifold | Liberal / Nationalist | Corangamite | Vic | 1901–1903, 1913–1918 | |
Walter Massy-Greene | Liberal / Nationalist | Richmond | NSW | 1910–1922 | |
James Mathews | Labor | Melbourne Ports | Vic | 1906–1931 | |
Charles McDonald | Labor | Kennedy | Qld | 1901–1925 | |
Charles McGrath | Labor | Ballarat | Vic | 1913–1919, 1920–1934 | |
William McWilliams | Liberal / Nationalist | Franklin | Tas | 1903–1922, 1928–1929 | |
Parker Moloney | Labor | Indi | Vic | 1910–1913, 1914–1917, 1919–1931 | |
King O'Malley | Labor | Darwin | Tas | 1901–1917 | |
Richard Orchard | Liberal / Nationalist | Nepean | NSW | 1913–1919 | |
Alfred Ozanne | Labor | Corio | Vic | 1910–1913, 1914–1917 | |
Jim Page | Labor | Maranoa | Qld | 1901–1921 | |
Albert Palmer | Liberal / Nationalist | Echuca | Vic | 1906–1919 | |
Robert Patten | Liberal / Nationalist | Hume | NSW | 1913–1917 | |
Henry Pigott | Liberal / Nationalist | Calare | NSW | 1913–1919 | |
Alexander Poynton | Labor / National Labor / Nationalist | Grey | SA | 1901–1922 | |
Edward Riley | Labor | South Sydney | NSW | 1910–1931 | |
Arthur Rodgers | Liberal / Nationalist | Wannon | Vic | 1913–1922, 1925–1929 | |
Granville Ryrie | Liberal / Nationalist | North Sydney | NSW | 1911–1927 | |
Carty Salmon [4] | Nationalist | Grampians | Vic | 1901–1913, 1915–1917 | |
Sydney Sampson | Liberal / Nationalist | Wimmera | Vic | 1906–1919 | |
James Sharpe | Labor | Oxley | Qld | 1913–1917 | |
Hugh Sinclair | Liberal / Nationalist | Moreton | Qld | 1906–1919 | |
Bruce Smith | Liberal / Nationalist | Parkes | NSW | 1901–1919 | |
William Laird Smith | Labor / National Labor / Nationalist | Denison | Tas | 1910–1922 | |
William Spence | Labor / National Labor / Nationalist | Darling | NSW | 1901–1917, 1917–1919 | |
Jacob Stumm | Liberal / Nationalist | Lilley | Qld | 1913–1917 | |
Josiah Thomas | Labor / National Labor / Nationalist | Barrier | NSW | 1901–1917 | |
John Thomson | Liberal / Nationalist | Cowper | NSW | 1906–1919 | |
Frank Tudor | Labor | Yarra | Vic | 1901–1922 | |
David Watkins | Labor | Newcastle | NSW | 1901–1935 | |
William Watt | Liberal / Nationalist | Balaclava | Vic | 1914–1929 | |
William Webster | Labor / National Labor / Nationalist | Gwydir | NSW | 1903–1919 | |
John West | Labor | East Sydney | NSW | 1910–1931 | |
George Wise | Independent/Nationalist [5] | Gippsland | Vic | 1906–1913, 1914–1922 | |
George Edwin Yates | Labor | Adelaide | SA | 1914–1919, 1922–1931 |
The Nationalist Party, also known as the National Party, was an Australian political party. It was formed in February 1917 from a merger between the Liberal Party and the National Labor Party, the latter formed by Prime Minister Billy Hughes and his supporters after the 1916 Labor Party split over World War I conscription. The Nationalist Party was established as a 'united' non-Labor opposition that had remained a political trend once the Labor party established itself in federal politics. The party was in government until electoral defeat in 1929. From that time it was the main opposition to the Labor Party until it merged with pro-Joseph Lyons Labor defectors to form the United Australia Party (UAP) in 1931. The party is a direct ancestor of the Liberal Party of Australia, the main centre-right party in Australia.
Sir Joseph Cook was an Australian politician who served as the sixth prime minister of Australia, from 1913 to 1914. He held office as the leader of the Liberal Party, having previously been leader of the Anti-Socialist Party from 1908 to 1909. His victory at the 1913 election marked the first time that a centre-right party had won an outright majority at an Australian federal election.
The Liberal Party was a parliamentary party in Australian federal politics between 1909 and 1917. The party was founded under Alfred Deakin's leadership as a merger of the Protectionist Party and Anti-Socialist Party, an event known as the Fusion.
The Second Hughes ministry was the 12th ministry of the Government of Australia. It was led by the country's 7th Prime Minister, Billy Hughes. The Second Hughes ministry succeeded the First Hughes ministry, which dissolved on 14 November 1916 following the split that took place within the governing Labor Party over the issue of conscription. This led to Hughes and his supporters leaving the party to form the National Labor Party, which swiftly received parliamentary support from Joseph Cook and the Liberal Party. The ministry was replaced by the Third Hughes ministry on 17 February 1917 after National Labor and Commonwealth Liberal merged into the Nationalist Party.
The 1917 Australian referendum was held on 20 December 1917. It contained one question.
William Alexander Watt was an Australian politician. He served two terms as Premier of Victoria before entering federal politics in 1914. He then served as a minister in the government of Billy Hughes from 1917 to 1920, including as acting prime minister during World War I, and finally as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1923 to 1926.
The 1917 Australian federal election was held in Australia on 5 May 1917. All 75 seats in the House of Representatives and 18 of the 36 seats in the Senate were up for election. The incumbent Nationalist Party, led by Prime Minister Billy Hughes, defeated the opposition Labor Party led by Frank Tudor in a landslide.
The 1918 Swan by-election was a by-election for the Division of Swan in the Australian House of Representatives, following the death of the sitting member Sir John Forrest. Held on 26 October 1918, the by-election led to the election of the youngest person to be elected until 2010 to the Parliament of Australia, Edwin Corboy. It saw the conservative vote split between the Country Party and the Nationalist Party, which directly prompted the introduction of preferential voting in Australia.
John Grant "Jack" Duncan-Hughes was an Australian politician. He was a member of the Australian House of Representatives for Boothby from 1922 to 1928, of the Australian Senate for South Australia from 1932 to 1938, and of the House of Representatives for Wakefield from 1940 to 1943. He represented the Nationalist Party (1922–28) and its successor the United Australia Party.
This is a list of members of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly between the 1914 election and the 1917 election, together known as the Ninth Parliament. The re-election of Premier John Scaddan's Labor Government with a 26-24 majority in 1914 was tempered when, a year later, Labor member Joseph Gardiner's seat was declared vacant on account of his non-attendance and a Liberal was elected in his stead, and Labor became a minority government when on 18 December 1915, Edward Johnston resigned from the Labor Party and became an independent. On 27 July 1916, the Scaddan Ministry was defeated and the Liberals' Frank Wilson became the new Premier.
This is a list of members of the Western Australian Legislative Council from 22 May 1916 to 21 May 1918. The chamber had 30 seats made up of ten provinces each electing three members, on a system of rotation whereby one-third of the members would retire at each biennial election.
This article provides information on candidates who stood for the 1917 Australian federal election. The election was held on 5 May 1917.
John Wallace Shannon was an Australian politician. Born in Angaston, South Australia, where he was educated, he became a farmer on the Yorke Peninsula and an auctioneer. He served on Maitland Council, of which he was mayor. In 1896, he was elected to the South Australian House of Assembly for Yorke Peninsula, transferring to Wallaroo in 1902. He left the Assembly in 1905. In 1912, he was appointed to the Australian Senate as a Liberal Senator for South Australia, filling the casual vacancy caused by the death of Labor Senator William Russell. This was the first time a state government had successfully replaced a Senator with a Senator of a different party, after Labor's failed attempt in 1907 to appoint James O'Loghlin to succeed Joseph Vardon. Defeated in 1913, he was elected in 1914 due to the death of Labor Senator Gregor McGregor, which left the Labor Party with only five nominees. They directed the sixth vote to Shannon, resulting in an easy return to the Senate with 96.!% of the vote. He joined the Nationalist Party when it formed in 1917, and from 1917 to 1920 served as Chairman of Committees. Shannon did not stand at the 1919 federal election, and his term ended on 30 June 1920.
This is a list of members of the Australian Senate from 1914 to 1917. The 5 September 1914 election was a double dissolution called by Prime Minister of Australia Joseph Cook in an attempt to gain control of the Senate. All 75 seats in the House of Representatives, and all 36 seats in the Senate were up for election. The incumbent Commonwealth Liberal Party was defeated by the opposition Australian Labor Party led by Andrew Fisher, who announced with the outbreak of World War I during the campaign that under a Labor government, Australia would "stand beside the mother country to help and defend her to the last man and the last shilling."
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly who served in the 23rd parliament of New South Wales held their seats from 1913 to 1917. They were elected at the 1913 state election on 6 December 1913. The Speaker was Richard Meagher.
During the second half of World War I, the First Australian Imperial Force experienced a shortage of men as the number of men volunteering to fight overseas declined and the casualty rate increased. At the time, military service within the Commonwealth of Australia and its territories was compulsory for Australian men, but that requirement did not extend to conflict outside of Australia. In 1916, Prime Minister Billy Hughes called a plebiscite to determine public support for extending conscription to include military service outside the Commonwealth for the duration of the war. The referendum, held on 28 October 1916, narrowly rejected the proposal. A second plebiscite, held a year later on 20 December 1917, also failed to gain a majority.
The history of the Australian Labor Party has its origins in the Labour parties founded in the 1890s in the Australian colonies prior to federation. Labor tradition ascribes the founding of Queensland Labour to a meeting of striking pastoral workers under a ghost gum tree in Barcaldine, Queensland in 1891. The Balmain, New South Wales branch of the party claims to be the oldest in Australia. Labour as a parliamentary party dates from 1891 in New South Wales and South Australia, 1893 in Queensland, and later in the other colonies.
The Australian Labor Party split of 1916 occurred following severe disagreement within the Australian Labor Party over the issue of proposed World War I conscription in Australia. Labor Prime Minister of Australia Billy Hughes had, by 1916, become an enthusiastic supporter of conscription as a means to boost Australia's contribution to the war effort. On 30 August 1916, he announced plans for a referendum on the issue, and introduced enabling legislation into parliament on 15 September, which passed only with the support of the opposition. Six of Hughes's ministers resigned in protest at the move, and the New South Wales state branch of the Labor Party expelled Hughes. The referendum saw an intense campaign in which Labor figures vehemently advocated on each side of the argument, although the "no" campaign narrowly won on 14 November. In the wake of the referendum defeat, the caucus moved to expel Hughes on 14 November; instead, he and 23 supporters resigned and formed the National Labor Party. Frank Tudor was elected leader of the rump party. Hughes was recommissioned as Prime Minister, heading a minority government supported by the opposition Commonwealth Liberal Party; the two parties then merged as the Nationalist Party of Australia and won the 1917 federal election. The Nationalist Party served as the main conservative party of Australia until 1931, and the split resulted in many early Labor figures ending their careers on the political right. Hughes, for instance, sat as a member of the Nationalists and their successors, the United Australia Party and the Liberal Party, with only a few short breaks until his death in 1952.
The National Party, later the United Party was a political party in the Australian state of Queensland from 1917 until 1925. Although allied with the federal Nationalist Party, it had different origins in state politics. It sought to combine the state's Liberal Party with the Country Party but the latter soon withdrew. In 1923 the party sought a further unification with the Country Party but only attracted a few recruits. Then in 1925 it merged with the Country Party, initially as the Country Progressive Party with a few members left out and then they were absorbed into the renamed Country and Progressive National Party.