Muromian language

Last updated
Muromian
Muromanian
Native to Russia
Region Murom region
Ethnicity Muromians
Extinct 10th century
Language codes
ISO 639-3 None (mis)
0te
Finno-ugrian-map-en.svg
An approximate map of the non-Varangian cultures in European Russia, in the 9th century. The Muromian area is shown in bright green.

Muromian is an extinct Uralic [1] language formerly spoken by the Muromian tribe, in what is today the Murom region in Russia. [2] They are mentioned by Jordanes as Mordens and in the Primary Chronicle . Very little is known about the language, but it was probably either closely related to the Mordvinic languages, [3] or a language closely related to Meryan. [4] Muromian probably became extinct in the Middle Ages around the 10th century, [3] [5] as the Muromians were assimilated by the Slavs. [6] The Muromian language [7] is unattested, but is assumed to have been Uralic, and has frequently been placed in the Volga-Finnic category. [8] [9] [10]

Toponymy

A. K. Matveyev identified the toponymic area upon Lower Oka and Lower Klyazma, which corresponds with Muroma. According to the toponymy, the Muroma language was close to the Merya language. [11] A few words have been reconstructed in the Muroma language, based on toponyms, such as: *juga 'river', *vi̮ksa ‘river connecting two bodies of water', and *voht(V) ‘neck of land between two bodies of water’. [4]

References

  1. ↑ Wieczynski, Joseph (1976). The Modern Encyclopedia of Russian and Soviet History. Academic International Press. ISBN   9780875690643.
  2. ↑ Taagepera, Rein (1999). The Finno-Ugric Republics and the Russian State. Routledge. p. 51. ISBN   9780415919777.
  3. 1 2 Janse, Mark; Tol, Sijmen; Hendriks, Vincent (2000). Language Death and Language Maintenance. John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. A108. ISBN   9789027247520.
  4. 1 2 Pauli Rahkonen. South-Eastern contact area of Finnic languages in the light of onomastics: dissertation, Faculty of Arts, University of Helsinki. 2018
  5. ↑ Blokland, Rogier (2003). The Endangered Uralic Languages. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 108. ISBN   9027247528.
  6. ↑ Uibopuu, Valev; Lagman, Herbert (1988). Finnougrierna och deras språk (in Swedish). Studentlitteratur. ISBN   9789144254111.
  7. ↑ "Muromanian". MultiTree. 2009-06-22. Archived from the original on July 12, 2012. Retrieved 2012-07-13.
  8. ↑ Janse, Mark; Sijmen Tol; Vincent Hendriks (2000). Language Death and Language Maintenance. John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. A108. ISBN   978-90-272-4752-0.
  9. ↑ Wieczynski, Joseph (1976). The Modern Encyclopedia of Russian and Soviet History. Academic International Press. ISBN   978-0-87569-064-3.
  10. ↑ Taagepera, Rein (1999). The Finno-Ugric Republics and the Russian State. Routledge. p. 51. ISBN   978-0-415-91977-7.
  11. ↑ Матвеев А. К. Мерянская проблема и лингвистическое картографирование // Вопросы языкознания. 2001. № 5.


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