Olt (river)

Last updated
Olt
Olt East Karpatien.jpg
The Avrig reservoir on the Olt
Raul Olt.png
Location
Country Romania
Counties
Cities
Physical characteristics
Source Hășmaș Mountains
  location Bălan, Harghita
  elevation1,440 m (4,720 ft)
Mouth Danube
  location
near Turnu Măgurele
  coordinates
43°42′46″N24°48′1″E / 43.71278°N 24.80028°E / 43.71278; 24.80028
Length615 km (382 mi)
Basin size24,050 km2 (9,290 sq mi)
Discharge 
  location mouth
  average174 m3/s (6,100 cu ft/s)
Basin features
Progression DanubeBlack Sea
Tributaries 
  left Râul Negru, Bârsa, Topolog
  right Cormoș, Cibin, Lotru, Olteț
River codeVIII.1
Olt (river)

The Olt (Romanian and Hungarian; ‹See Tfd› German : Alt; Latin : Aluta or Alutus, Turkish : Oltu, Ancient Greek : ἌλυτοςAlytos) is a river in Romania. [1] [2] It is 615 km (382 mi) long, and its basin area is 24,050 km2 (9,290 sq mi). [2] [3] It is the longest river flowing exclusively through Romania. Its average discharge at the mouth is 174 m3/s (6,100 cu ft/s). [3] It originates in the Hășmaș Mountains of the eastern Carpathian Mountains, near Bălan, rising close to the headwaters of the river Mureș. The Olt flows through the Romanian counties of Harghita, Covasna, Brașov, Sibiu, Vâlcea, and Olt. The river was known as Alutus or Aluta in Roman antiquity. Olt County and the historical province of Oltenia are named after the river.

Contents

Sfântu Gheorghe, Râmnicu Vâlcea and Slatina are the main cities on the river Olt. The Olt flows into the Danube river near Turnu Măgurele.

Settlements

Crossing the Olt river, 1869 watercolor by Amedeo Preziosi Preziosi - Trecerea Oltului.jpg
Crossing the Olt river, 1869 watercolor by Amedeo Preziosi

The main cities along the river Olt are Miercurea Ciuc, Sfântu Gheorghe, Făgăraș, Râmnicu Vâlcea and Slatina.

The Olt passes through the following communes, from source to mouth: Bălan, Sândominic, Tomești, Cârța, Dănești, Mădăraș, Racu, Siculeni, Ciceu, Miercurea Ciuc , Sâncrăieni, Sântimbru, Sânsimion, Tușnad, Băile Tușnad, Bixad, Micfalău, Malnaș, Bodoc, Ghidfalău, Sfântu Gheorghe , Ilieni, Prejmer, Hărman, Vâlcele, Bod, Feldioara, Hăghig, Măieruș, Belin, Apața, Aita Mare, Ormeniș, Baraolt, Augustin, Racoș, Hoghiz, Ungra, Comăna, Părău, Șercaia, Mândra, Făgăraș , Beclean, Voila, Viștea, Ucea, Arpașu de Jos, Cârța, Porumbacu de Jos, Avrig, Racovița, Tălmaciu, Turnu Roșu, Boița, Câineni, Racovița, Brezoi, Călimănești, Dăești, Bujoreni, Râmnicu Vâlcea , Budești, Mihăești, Galicea, Băbeni, Ionești, Olanu, Drăgoești, Orlești, Dobroteasa, Prundeni, Vulturești, Verguleasa, Drăgășani , Voicești, Teslui, Grădinari, Strejești, Curtișoara, Pleșoiu, Găneasa, Olt, Slatina , Slătioara, Milcov, Piatra-Olt, Brâncoveni, Ipotești, Osica de Sus, Coteana, Fălcoiu, Mărunței, Drăgănești-Olt, Fărcașele, Stoenești, Dăneasa, Gostavățu, Sprâncenata, Băbiciu, Scărișoara, Rusănești, Cilieni, Tia Mare, Izbiceni, Lunca, Giuvărăști and Islaz.

Tributaries

The following rivers are tributaries of the river Olt (from source to mouth): [2]

Dams

For supply of drinking water and water for irrigation and for the production of hydroelectricity, 44 reservoirs have been built in the Olt river basin. There are 24 reservoirs for hydropower on the river Olt itself, and three on its tributary Lotru. [4] There are hydropower plants at (from source to mouth) Voila, Viștea, Arpaș, Scoreiu, Avrig, Gura Lotrului, Turnu, Călimănești, Dăești, Râmnicu Vâlcea, Râureni, Govora, Băbeni, Ionești, Zăvideni, Drăgășani, Strejești, Arcești, Slatina, Ipotești, Drăgănești, Frunzaru, Rusănești and Izbiceni. The total energy production of the 43 hydropower plants in the Olt basin was 2,980 GWh in 1996. [5]

Clickable map of the (ro:Defileul Oltului)/(en:Olt Defile) drainage basin

Interactive map of the Olt Defile drainage basin. (Click on the desired quadrant.) Defile Olt drainage basin.gifRomâniaCindrel MountainsCozia MassifCăpăţânii MountainsParâng MountainsŞureanu MountainsLotrului Mountains
Interactive map of the Olt Defile drainage basin. (Click on the desired quadrant.)

See also

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lotru</span> River in Vâlcea County, Romania

The Lotru is a right tributary of the river Olt in Romania. Its source is in the Parâng Mountains. It feeds the reservoirs Vidra, Malaia and Brădișor. It flows into the Olt in Golotreni, near the town of Brezoi. It passes through the communes Voineasa, Malaia, and Brezoi. Its length is 83 km (52 mi) and its basin size is 990 km2 (380 sq mi).

The Avrig is a left tributary of the river Olt in Romania. It discharges into the Olt in the town Avrig. The upper reach of the river is also known as the Râul Mare. Its source is the Avrig Lake in the Făgăraș Mountains. Its length is 24 km (15 mi) and its basin size is 66 km2 (25 sq mi).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Râul Negru</span> River in Brașov, Romania

The Râul Negru is a left tributary of the river Olt in Romania. It joins the Olt in Lunca Câlnicului. The Râul Negru flows through the villages Lemnia, Lunga, Catalina, Hătuica, Surcea, Telechia, Bita, Reci, Sântionlunca, Ozun, Băcel, Chichiș and Lunca Câlnicului. Its length is 88 km (55 mi) and its basin size is 2,349 km2 (907 sq mi).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Topolog (Olt)</span> River in Vâlcea, Romania

The Topolog is a left tributary of the river Olt in Romania. It discharges into the Olt in Ostroveni. It is formed by two source rivers that come from the southern slopes of the Făgăraș Mountains: Negoiu and Scara. It flows through the communes Sălătrucu, Șuici, Cepari, Tigveni, Ciofrângeni, Poienarii de Argeș, Milcoiu, Nicolae Bălcescu and Galicea. Including its longest source river, Negoiu, its total length is 111.5 km (69.3 mi) and its basin size is 546.3 km2 (210.9 sq mi). For much of its length it forms the border between the counties Argeș and Vâlcea.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Praetorium II (Racovița)</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Praetorium I (Copăceni)</span>

Praetorium I (Copăceni) was a fort in the Roman province of Dacia near the present village of Copăceni, Racovița, Vâlcea, Romania. It was part of the Roman frontier system of the Limes Alutanus along the Olt (river). It was built in 138 and reinforced with two towers two years later.

References

  1. "Planul național de management. Sinteza planurilor de management la nivel de bazine/spații hidrografice, anexa 7.1" (PDF, 5.1 MB). Administrația Națională Apele Române. 2010. pp. 635–638.
  2. 1 2 3 Atlasul cadastrului apelor din România. Partea 1 (in Romanian). Bucharest: Ministerul Mediului. 1992. pp. 263–308. OCLC   895459847. River code: VIII.1
  3. 1 2 "Danube River Basin District, Part A - Roof Report" (PDF). ICPDR. April 2004. p. 12.
  4. Hydro-technical infrastructure in Romania, SEPIC, Bucharest (2004) pp. 23-27
  5. Danube Pollution Reduction Programme, National Reviews 1998 Romania, pp. 84-87 (of 262)