Open-source Unicode typefaces

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Examples of several libre, sans-serif typefaces. Sans-serif libre typefaces (fonts).png
Examples of several libre, sans-serif typefaces.

There are Unicode typefaces which are open-source and designed to contain glyphs of all Unicode characters, or at least a broad selection of Unicode scripts. There are also numerous projects aimed at providing only a certain script, such as the Arabeyes Arabic font. The advantage of targeting only some scripts with a font was that certain Unicode characters should be rendered differently depending on which language they are used in, and that a font that only includes the characters a certain user needs will be much smaller in file size compared to one with many glyphs. Unicode fonts in modern formats such as OpenType can in theory cover multiple languages by including multiple glyphs per character, though very few actually cover more than one language's forms of the unified Han characters.

Contents

History

20th century

Fixed

The Fixed X11 public-domain core bitmap fonts have provided substantial Unicode coverage since 1997.

GNU Unifont

GNU Unifont is a bitmap-based font created by Roman Czyborra that is present in most free operating systems and windowing systems such as Linux, XFree86 or the X.Org Server. The font is released under the GNU General Public License Version 2+ with a font embedding exception.

21st century

2000s

Free UCS Outline Fonts

The Free UCS Outline Fonts [1] (also known as freefont) is a font collection project. The project was started by Primož Peterlin and is currently administered by Steve White. The aim of this project has been to produce a package of fonts by collecting existing free fonts and special donations, to support as many Unicode characters as possible. The font family is released as GNU FreeFont under the GNU General Public License. It also supports several font formats, including PostScript, TrueType, and OpenType. For this reason the fonts are derived from original work made in FontForge, and stored in .sfd (Spline Font Database) files. The most recent release is from May 2012.

SIL fonts

SIL International offers a large number of fonts, editors, translation and book production systems [2] as part of their goal to bridge the digital divide to minority languages. This site contains many utilities for Windows systems, including right-to-left editors, keymappers, RTF translators, and high-quality, free Unicode fonts. SIL publish their fonts under their own SIL Open Font License. Typefaces include Charis SIL, Doulos SIL, Gentium and Andika.

MPH 2B Damase

Mark Williamson's MPH 2B Damase is a free font encoding many non-Latin scripts, including the Unicode 4.1 scripts in the Supplementary Multilingual Plane: Armenian, Cherokee, Coptic, Cypriot Syllabary, Cyrillic, Deseret, Georgian, Glagolitic, Gothic, Greek, Hebrew, Latin, Limbu, Linear B (partial coverage), Old Italic, Old Persian cuneiform, Osmanya, Phoenician, Shavian, Syloti Nagri (no conjuncts), Tai Le (no combining tone marks), Thaana, Tifinagh, Ugaritic, and Vietnamese. [3]

IndUni fonts

The IndUni fonts are a GPL-licensed font family with many accents and combining characters, especially suitable for Indic, Indian and Nepali (Sanskrit, Prakrit, Hindi) and Middle Eastern languages and Urdu in transliteration. It also includes characters for Avestan and for the Pinyin representation of Chinese, a set of Cyrillic characters and a basic set of Greek letters. The fonts implement almost the whole of the Multilingual European Subset 1 of Unicode. Also provided are keyboard handlers for Windows and the Mac, making input easy.

They are based on fonts designed by URW++ Design and Development Incorporated, and offer lookalikes for Courier, Helvetica, Times, Palatino, and New Century Schoolbook. [4]

2010s

Noto fonts

Noto is a font family designed to cover all the scripts encoded in the Unicode standard. It is designed with the goal of achieving visual harmony (e.g., compatible heights and stroke thicknesses) across multiple languages/scripts. Commissioned by Google, the font is licensed under the SIL Open Font License. [5] Until September 2015, the fonts were under the Apache License 2.0. [6]

Cascadia Code

Cascadia Code [7] is a purpose-built monospaced TrueType font for Windows Terminal, the new command-line interface for Microsoft Windows. It includes programming ligatures and was designed to enhance the look and feel of Windows Terminal, terminal applications and text editors such as Visual Studio and Visual Studio Code. The font is open source under the SIL Open Font License and available on GitHub. [8] It has been bundled with Windows Terminal since version 0.5.2762.0. [9]

2020s

Kurinto Font Folio

Kurinto is a large collection of Pan-Unicode, OFL-licensed TrueType fonts. The intended use-case is academic publishing, especially when authoring in Microsoft Word and publishing to PDF. The primary goal is to address issues when mixing languages using Latin script with secondary languages using other scripts. [10] Most of the italic faces are not true italics; they are slanted versions of the corresponding regular ones (oblique types). However, those of the included "Metric-Compatible Typeface" serifs are (having round letterforms, a Florin sign ƒ, etc).

Larabie Fonts

In August 2020, Ray Larabie released a library of early fonts from the 1990s, prior to the establishment of his professional digital type firm Typodermic Fonts, into the public domain. Most of the fonts that were released were "experimental, interesting, or simply lousy" and were no longer of any commercial value. (Larabie retained copyright on other fonts from the same era that he continues to license and sell through Typodermic.) Larabie released another batch of fonts into the public domain in November 2022. [11] The fonts vary widely in their Unicode coverage.

Larabie had previously released the pan-Unicode "Canada 1500" into the public domain as a gesture to the Canadian sesquicentennial in 2017. [12]

Comparison

Font nameLicenseDate / versionNotes
Amiri Font OFL 2020-06-02 / 0.113Digitalization of a Naskh styled Arabic metal typeface by the Bulaq Press of Cairo, Egypt
APL fonts Public domain 2013-04-20Designed with the symbols needed for programming with the APL programming language. Contains three fonts, APL385 (monospace), APL2741 (a deprecated italic last updated in 2003) and APL333 (proportional).
BabelStone Han Arphic Public License 2024-03-15 / 15.1.4A unicode CJK font with over 41,000 Han characters (hanzi, kanji, hanja), and over 53,000 unicode characters currently.
Bitstream Vera Bitstream Vera fonts license Archived 2011-02-03 at the Wayback Machine 2003-04-16 / 1.10
Canada1500 Public domain (CC0)2017-06-19 / 1.100Created by Ray Larabie for the Canadian sesquicentennial; released into the public domain shortly before Canada Day 2017. A pan-Unicode extension of Larabie's "Mesmerize," in turn inspired by Kabel and Semplicità.
Cardo OFL 2011-04-20 / 1.04Unicode 6 and MUFI v3-compatible
CMU family OFL 2012-08-29 / 0.7.0An updated version of Computer Modern (CMU is an abbreviation for Computer Modern Unicode).
Culmus collection of fonts GPL 2 + font exception 2018-09-30 / 0.133A basic collection of Hebrew fonts aimed at Hebrew-speaking Linux and Unix community
DejaVu fonts license 2016-07-30 / 2.37 [13]   OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg A modification and wide extension of Bitstream Vera fonts
Droid fonts Apache license 2007A collection of fonts developed for Google's Android mobile phone operating system
EB Garamond OFL 2011
ET Book MIT 2016-07-08
Fedorovsk Unicode GPL, OFL Old Cyrillic script
Fira Sans OFL 2018-03-20 / 4.3Commissioned for Firefox OS
Fixed1997The Fixed X11 public-domain core bitmap fonts have provided substantial Unicode coverage since 1997.
Fixedsys Excelsior public domain 2007 / 3.01Based on Fixedsys.
Gentium OFL or BSD-like license 2014-10-28 / 5.000
Ghostscript GPL, AFPL, LPPL [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] 2020-03-19 / 9.52URW ++ Type 1 fonts, a free alternatives to 35 basic PostScript fonts—e.g. Type 1 version of Nimbus Roman No9 L, Nimbus Sans L, Nimbus Mono L, URW Bookman L, URW Gothic L and others
GNU Unifont GPL-2.0-or-later with Font-exception-2.0 2024-02-24 / 15.1.05 [22]   OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg GNU Unifont is a bitmap-based font created by Roman Czyborra that is present in most free operating systems.
"Hanazono Fonts" (in Japanese and English).(permissive license)2017-09-04One of the few free software fonts that includes the whole CJK Unified Ideographs Extension C block, as well as many other (related) CJKV characters, such as the Kangxi Radicals and CJK Radicals Supplement blocks.
Hussar OFL 2017-02-06 / 2.29 RC2Loosely based on Spartan. The most recent (2019) general release of Hussar has a somewhat smaller glyph set.
IBM Plex OFL 2019-06-05 / 2.0IBM Plex is designed and developed by Mike Abbink at IBM in collaboration with Bold Monday. It is the replacement of Helvetica as the corporate typeface.
Jomolhari OFL Tibetan script
Junicode GPL 2018-06-25 / 1.002
Kelvinch Font OFL, free for any use2016-04-18Most Latin blocks fully populated + Cyrillic, Georgian, Armenian & Runes. Comes in Roman, Italic, Bold & Bold Italic.
Kurinto Font Folio OFL 2020-07-26 / 2.196Pan-Unicode, 21 typefaces, 506 fonts, coverage of most of Unicode v12.1 plus many auxiliary scripts including the UCSUR.
Latin Modern GUST licence Another derivative of Computer Modern
Lato OFL 2015-08-06 / 2.015Covers all Latin alphabets, along with Cyrillic, Greek, and IPA
Liberastika fonts GPL + font exception Is a derivative of Liberation fonts with improved Cyrillic
Liberation fonts OFL 2019-03-04 / 2.00.5Liberation is the collective name of four TrueType font families: Liberation Sans, Liberation Sans Narrow, Liberation Serif and Liberation Mono. These fonts are metrically compatible with Monotype Corporation's Arial, Arial Narrow, Times New Roman, and Courier New (respectively). Versions since 2.00 use OFL while older versions use GPL + font exception.
Linux Libertine GPL, OFL 2012-07-06 / 5.3.0Linux Libertine is a digital typeface created by the Libertine Open Fonts Project, which aims to create free and open alternatives to proprietary typefaces such as Times Roman.
M+ FONTS OFL Earlier versions of M+ were released under terms of "unlimited permission." [23]
Menaion Unicode GPL, OFL Old Cyrillic script and Glagolitic script
Monomakh Unicode GPL, OFL Latin and Old Cyrillic script
New Athena Unicode OFL 2019-12-08 / 5.007
Noto fonts OFL Commissioned by Google
Old Standard TT GPL, OFL 2011-04-30 / 2.2A Unicode font family for classical, medieval and Slavic studies; based upon Century — alternative download at fontspace.com

An unofficial extension, New Standard, is available at 1001Fonts and includes an expanded character set.

Overpass OFL Commissioned by Red Hat as FOSS alternative to Interstate.
Oxygen fonts Archived 2020-03-29 at the Wayback Machine GPL + font exception or OFL Created by the KDE community, this font is optimised for the FreeType font rendering system and works well in all graphical user interfaces, desktops and devices. Alternative download at fontsquirrel.com
Ponomar Unicode GPL, OFL Old Cyrillic script
Quivira Public domain 2019 / 4.111,053 glyphs, focusing mainly on Western scripts and limited emoji.
Roboto Apache license 2017-08-03 / 2.138A collection of fonts developed for Google's Android mobile phone operating system
SIL fonts OFL Typefaces include Charis SIL, Doulos SIL and Gentium.
Source Han Sans OFL 2019By Adobe
Source Han Serif OFL 2017By Adobe
Source Sans Pro and Source Code Pro OFL 2019By Adobe
Source Serif Pro OFL 2019By Adobe
Soyuz Grotesk No copyright reserved 2017Loosely and indirectly based on Helvetica. Primarily Latin and Cyrillic glyphs
Squarish Sans CT OFL 2013A clone of Bank Gothic, developed for the Aleph One game engine. Focuses mainly on Latin glyphs and some symbols.
STIX OFL 2019 / 2.0.2Based on Times New Roman.
Symbola No license, "free for any use" [24] 2021-10 / 14.00 [25] The last updated version of the font without an end user license agreement was version 10.24, released in February 2018. A restrictive personal-use-only, no-derivative-works, no-redistribution license has been attached to all versions since version 11.
TeX Gyre collection of fonts GUST licence
Tuffy Public domain (PD-self)2012-06-14 / 1.28Scratch-built sans-serif font by Thatcher Ulrich, with additional contributions from Michael Everson
Ubuntu Font Family Ubuntu Font License 2011-03-07 / Ubuntu 11.10
UniFraktur OFL 2017-03-19

See also

Related Research Articles

TrueType is an outline font standard developed by Apple in the late 1980s as a competitor to Adobe's Type 1 fonts used in PostScript. It has become the most common format for fonts on the classic Mac OS, macOS, and Microsoft Windows operating systems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ghostscript</span> Interpreter for the PostScript language

Ghostscript is a suite of software based on an interpreter for Adobe Systems' PostScript and Portable Document Format (PDF) page description languages. Its main purposes are the rasterization or rendering of such page description language files, for the display or printing of document pages, and the conversion between PostScript and PDF files.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Helvetica</span> Neo-grotesque sans-serif typeface

Helvetica, also known by its original name Neue Haas Grotesk, is a widely used sans-serif typeface developed in 1957 by Swiss typeface designer Max Miedinger and Eduard Hoffmann.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arial</span> Neo-grotesque sans-serif typeface

Arial is a sans-serif typeface and set of computer fonts in the neo-grotesque style. Fonts from the Arial family are included with all versions of Microsoft Windows after Windows 3.1, as well as in other Microsoft programs, Apple's macOS, and many PostScript 3 printers.

Arial Unicode MS is a TrueType font and the extended version of the font Arial. Compared to Arial, it includes higher line height, omits kerning pairs and adds enough glyphs to cover a large subset of Unicode 2.1—thus supporting most Microsoft code pages, but also requiring much more storage space. It also adds Ideographic layout tables, but unlike Arial, it mandates no smoothing in the 14–18 point range, and contains Roman (upright) glyphs only; there is no oblique (italic) version. Arial Unicode MS was previously distributed with Microsoft Office, but this ended in 2016 version. It is bundled with Mac OS X v10.5 and later. It may also be purchased separately from Ascender Corporation, who licenses the font from Microsoft.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Courier (typeface)</span> Monospaced slab serif font of IBM

Courier is a monospaced slab serif typeface. Courier was created by IBM in the mid-1950s, and was designed by Howard "Bud" Kettler (1919–1999). The Courier name and typeface concept are in the public domain. Courier has been adapted for use as a computer font, and versions of it are installed on most desktop computers.

Graphite is a programmable Unicode-compliant smart font technology and rendering system developed by SIL International as free software, distributed under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License and the Common Public License.

A fallback font is a reserve typeface containing symbols for as many Unicode characters as possible. When a display system encounters a character that is not part of the repertoire of any of the other available fonts, a symbol from a fallback font is used instead. Typically, a fallback font will contain symbols representative of the various types of Unicode characters.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charis SIL</span> Serif typeface

Charis SIL is a transitional serif typeface developed by SIL International based on Bitstream Charter, one of the first fonts designed for laser printers. The font offers four family members: roman, bold, italic, and bold italic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">GNU FreeFont</span> Font family

GNU FreeFont is a family of free OpenType, TrueType and WOFF vector fonts, implementing as much of the Universal Character Set (UCS) as possible, aside from the very large CJK Asian character set. The project was initiated in 2002 by Primož Peterlin and is now maintained by Steve White.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Linux Libertine</span> Free typeface

Linux Libertine is a digital typeface created by the Libertine Open Fonts Project, which aims to create free and open alternatives to proprietary typefaces such as Times New Roman. It was developed with the free font editor FontForge and is licensed under the GNU General Public License and the SIL Open Font License.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Liberation fonts</span> Open-source font superfamily

Liberation is the collective name of four TrueType font families: Liberation Sans, Liberation Sans Narrow, Liberation Serif, and Liberation Mono. These fonts are metrically compatible with the most popular fonts on the Microsoft Windows operating system and the Microsoft Office software package, for which Liberation is intended as a free substitute. The fonts are default in LibreOffice.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">GNU Unifont</span> Duospaced bitmap font

GNU Unifont is a free Unicode bitmap font created by Roman Czyborra. The main Unifont covers all of the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP). The "upper" companion covers significant parts of the Supplementary Multilingual Plane (SMP). The "Unifont JP" companion contains Japanese kanji present in the JIS X 0213 character set.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nimbus Roman No. 9 L</span> Serif typeface

Nimbus Roman is a serif typeface created by URW Studio in 1982.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nimbus Sans</span> Sans-serif typeface

Nimbus Sans is a sans-serif typeface created by URW++, based on Helvetica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nimbus Mono L</span> Monospace typeface

Nimbus Mono is a monospaced typeface created by URW Studio in 1984, and eventually released under the GPL and AFPL in 1996 and LPPL in 2009. In 2017, the font, alongside other Core 35 fonts, has been additionally licensed under the terms of OFL. It features Normal, Bold, Italic, and Bold Italic weights, and is one of several freely licensed fonts offered by URW++. Although not exactly the same, Nimbus Mono has metrics and glyphs that are very similar to Courier and Courier New.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Noto fonts</span> Multilingual font family from Google

Noto is a font family comprising over 100 individual computer fonts, which are together designed to cover all the scripts encoded in the Unicode standard. As of October 2016, Noto fonts cover all 93 scripts defined in Unicode version 6.1, although fewer than 30,000 of the nearly 75,000 CJK unified ideographs in version 6.0 are covered. In total, Noto fonts cover over 77,000 characters, which is around half of the 149,186 characters defined in Unicode 15.0.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cascadia Code</span> Monospaced typeface

Cascadia Code is a purpose-built monospaced TrueType font for Windows Terminal, the new command-line interface for Microsoft Windows.

References

  1. ↑ "Free UCS Outline Fonts - Summary [Savannah]". savannah.gnu.org. Retrieved 2021-09-11.
  2. ↑ "Welcome to Computers and Writing Systems". scripts.sil.org. Retrieved 2021-09-11.
  3. ↑ "MPH 2B Damase Samples". www.wazu.jp. Retrieved 2021-09-11.
  4. ↑ "IndUni fonts". bombay.indology.info. Retrieved 2021-09-11.
  5. ↑ "Noto Font". GitHub . Retrieved November 24, 2015.
  6. ↑ "Add NEWS for license change - googlei18n/noto-fonts". GitHub . Retrieved 2016-04-03.
  7. ↑ "Cascadia Code". Windows Command Line. 2019-09-18. Retrieved 2021-12-31.
  8. ↑ About Cascadia Code, Microsoft, 2021-12-31, retrieved 2021-12-31
  9. ↑ "Release Windows Terminal Preview v0.5.2762.0 · microsoft/terminal". GitHub. Retrieved 2021-12-31.
  10. ↑ "Kurinto Font Folio" . Retrieved 2020-07-26.
  11. ↑ Larabie, Ray (9 November 2022). "300 Typodermic Fonts Released Into the Public Domain" . Retrieved 2023-03-20.
  12. ↑ "Designers fume over free font for Canada's 150th birthday". thestar.com. 2016-01-12. Retrieved 2021-09-11.
  13. ↑ "Release 2.37". 30 July 2016. Retrieved 17 May 2018.
  14. ↑ "Ghostscript SVN - URW fonts". Google Code. Retrieved 2010-04-21.
  15. ↑ "Debian package - gsfonts". packages.debian.org. Debian. Retrieved 2010-04-21.
  16. ↑ "Fonts and font facilities supplied with Ghostscript". Ghostscript. Archived from the original on 2010-06-12. Retrieved 2010-04-21.
  17. ↑ URW++ making original 35 fonts available under LPPL, tug.org, retrieved 2010-05-06
  18. ↑ Finally! Good-quality free (GPL) basic-35 PostScript Type 1 fonts., archived from the original on 2002-10-23, retrieved 2010-05-06
  19. ↑ Finally! Good-quality free (GPL) basic-35 PostScript Type 1 fonts. (TXT), tug.org, retrieved 2010-05-06
  20. ↑ "Fonts and TeX". 2009-12-19. Retrieved 2010-05-06.
  21. ↑ Five years after: Report on international TEX font projects (PDF), tug.org, 2007, retrieved 2010-05-06
  22. ↑ Paul Hardy (25 February 2024). "Unifont 15.1.05 Released" . Retrieved 8 March 2024.
  23. ↑ "License". M+ Outline Fonts. osdn.jp.
  24. ↑ "Unicode Fonts for Ancient Scripts". Archived from the original on 2018-02-12. Retrieved 2018-02-12.
  25. ↑ "Symbola: Multilingual support and Symbol blocks of The Unicode Standard" (PDF). Retrieved 2022-12-18.
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