PKS 0458-020

Last updated
PKS 0458-020
DSS image of PKS 0458-020.jpg
The quasar/blazar PKS 0458-020.
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
Constellation Orion
Right ascension 05h 01m 12.809s
Declination −01° 59 14.256
Redshift 2.286000
Heliocentric radial velocity 685,326 km/s
Distance 10.447 Gly
Apparent magnitude  (V)18.06
Apparent magnitude  (B)19.1
Characteristics
Type Blazar, HPQ, FRSQ
Other designations
4C -02.19, PKS 0458-02, TXS 0458-020, LEDA 2818086, DA 157, OF -098, 4FGL J0501.2-0158, S3 0458-02

PKS 0458-020 also known as PKS 0458-02, is a quasar located in the constellation of Orion. It has a redshift of (z) 2.286 [1] [2] and was first identified as an astronomical radio source during the radio survey conducted by Parkes Observatory in 1966. [3] Subsequently the source was shown to display optical behavior [4] before being classfied as a blazar via an optical polarimetry study in 1985. [5] This source also shows radio spectrum appearing to be flat, hence making it a flat-spectrum radio quasar (FRSQ). [6]

Contents

Description

PKS 0458-020 is found variable across the electromagnetic spectrum and a source of gamma ray activity. [7] [8] [9] It is known to show optical flares which was detected by Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi LAT) [10] and by the Nordic Optical Telescope in September 2012, where it was reported to be 30 times brighter than its daily flux of (E > 100 MeV) when recorded by Fermi LAT. [11] A near infrared flare was detected in January 2015. [12]

The radio structure of PKS 0458-020 is extended across a wide scale range. Radio images of the object produced via Very Large Array (VLA), showed two unique components separated by 1.8 arcseconds with a position angle of -127°. A jet can seen heading northwest before veering southwest. [1] This jet also appears to have a sharp bend by around 60° based on 15 and 43 GHz imaging. [13] [14] There is a strong compact radio core straddled by extended emission which yields a projected angular size of 3.5 arcseconds. [15] A secondary structure is located southwest from the core with a bridge-like structure almost connecting it. There is also some lobe luminosity located on the side of the counterjet with the jet's side having halo emission. [16]

The supermassive black hole in PKS 0458-020 is estimated to be 8 x 108 Mʘ based on an Ld value corresponding to the peaking of a disk spectrum with the disk luminosity being Ld ~ 2 x 1046 erg s-1. [17]

Two absorption line systems located at redshifts (z) 2.039 and (z) 2.04 were detected towards the object with the former having the largest known redshift at radio wavelengths. [18] [19]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AP Librae</span> Active galactic nucleus in the constellation Libra

AP Librae is a BL Lacertae object located at a distance of 700 million light years in the southern constellation of Libra. In the visual band it is one of the most active blazars known. AP Lib is surrounded by an extended source with a spectrum characteristic of a red-shifted giant elliptical galaxy. The derived visual magnitude of this region is 15.0, and it follows a radially decreasing brightness that is characteristic of an elliptical. Seven fainter galaxies are visible within an angular radius of 9′, suggesting it is the brightest member of a galactic cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PKS 0537-286</span> Quasar in the constellation Columba

PKS 0537-286, also known as QSO B0537-286, is a quasar located in the constellation Columba. With a redshift of 3.104, the object is located 11.4 billion light years away and belongs to the flat spectrum radio quasar blazar subclass (FSQR). It is one of the most luminous known high-redshift quasars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PKS 0438-436</span> Quasar in the constellation Caelum

PKS 0438-436, also known as PKS J0440-4333, is a quasar located in constellation Caelum. With a high redshift of 2.86, the object is located 11.2 billion light-years from Earth and is classified as a blazar due to its flat-spectrum radio source, (in terms of the flux density as with α < 0.5 and its optical polarization.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PKS 2215+020</span> Quasar in the constellation Aquarius

PKS 2215+020, known as PMN J2217+0220, is a quasar located in the Aquarius constellation. Its redshift is 3.57, meaning the object is located 11.6 billion light-years away from Earth. It is classified as a flat spectrum radio source quasar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PKS 0226-559</span>

PKS 0226-559 known as PMN J0228-5546 is a quasar located in the constellation Horologium. At the redshift of 2.464, the object is roughly 10.6 billion light-years from Earth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PKS 1402+044</span> Quasar in the constellation of Virgo

PKS 1402+044 is a quasar located in the constellation of Virgo. It has a redshift of 3.207, estimating the object to be located 11.3 billion light-years away from Earth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PKS 0805-07</span> Quasar in the constellation of Monoceros

PKS 0805-07 also known as PMN J0808-0751 and 4FGL J0808.2-0751, is a quasar located in the constellation of Monoceros. With a redshift of 1.83, light has taken at least 10 billion light-years to reach Earth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PKS 0405–385</span> Quasar in the constellation Eridanus

PKS 0405–385 is a blazar in the constellation of Eridanus. This is a compact radio quasar with a redshift (z) of 1.285, an indicator of its significant distance. The radio spectrum of this source appears flat, making it a flat-spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PKS 0736+017</span> Quasar in the constellation Canis Minor

PKS 0736+017 is a blazar located in the constellation of Canis Minor. This object is also a highly polarized compact radio quasar. Its source having a radio spectrum, appears to be flat, making it a flat spectrum radio quasar. It has a redshift of (z) 0.189 and is hosted in a large elliptical galaxy with a half light radius measurement of re = 13 kiloparsecs. The black hole mass in PKS 0736+017 is 7.32+0.89-0.91 x 107 Mʘ based on a full width at half maximum (FWHM) scaling factor and virial relation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AO 0235+164</span> BL Lac object in the constellation Aries

AO 0235+164 is a BL Lacertae object located in the constellation of Aries, 7.5 billion light years from Earth. It has a redshift of 0.94. It was first discovered as an astronomical radio source by astronomers between 1967 and 1970, and formally identified with a red stellar object in 1975. Because of its extreme variability at both radio and optical wavelengths across the electromagnetic spectrum, this BL Lac object has been referred to as a blazar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NRAO 530</span> Flat spectrum radio quasar in the constellation Serpens

NRAO 530 or PKS 1730-13 is a flat-spectrum radio quasar located in the southern constellation of Serpens. It has a redshift of 0.902. and was first discovered by two astronomers, W.J. Welch and Hyron Spinrad in 1973. It is classified as a blazar because of its optical variability across the electromagnetic spectrum in radio, gamma ray and X-ray bands. This quasar is also further categorized an OVV quasar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PKS 0208-512</span> Blazar in the constellation Eridanus

PKS 0208-512 is a blazar located in the southern constellation of Eridanus. It has a redshift of 1.003 and was first discovered in 1975 by astronomers conducting the Parkes 2700 MHz survey in Australia as a bright astronomical radio source. This object is also classified highly polarized with the radio spectrum appearing to be flat, thus making it a flat-spectrum radio quasar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">DA 193</span> Blazar in the constellation Auriga

DA 193 is a blazar located in the constellation of Auriga. It has a high redshift of 2.365. It was first discovered as an unknown astronomical radio source in 1971 by D.G. MacDonell and A.H. Bridle. This is a low polarized quasar containing a classic homogeneous synchrotron self-absorption spectrum. The radio spectrum of this source shows a turnover frequency at 5 GHz and this object has also been referred to as a gigahertz-peak spectrum source.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PKS 1424-418</span> Blazar in the constellation Centaurus

PKS 1424-418 is a blazar located in the constellation of Centaurus. It has a redshift of 1.522 and was first discovered in 1971 by astronomer Keith Peter Tritton who identified the object as ultraviolet-excessive. This object is also highly polarized with a compact radio source. The radio spectrum of this source appears flat, making it a flat-spectrum radio quasar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PKS 0537-441</span> Blazar in the constellation Pictor

PKS 0537-441 is a blazar located in the constellation of Pictor. It has a redshift of 0.896 and was discovered in 1973 by an American astronomer named Olin J. Eggen, who noted it as a luminous quasar. This is a BL Lacertae object in literature because of its featureless optical spectra as well as both a possible gravitational microlensing and a gravitationally lensed candidate. Its radio source is found compact and is characterized by a spectral peak in the gigahertz range, making it a gigahertz-peaked spectrum source (GPS).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PKS 2004-447</span> Narrow-line Seyfert galaxy in the constellation Sagittarius

PKS 2004-447 is a narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy located in the constellation of Sagittarius. It has a redshift of (z) 0.24 and is the radio-loudest gamma ray emitting AGN known in the southern hemisphere. It was first identified as an astronomical radio source during a very-long-baseline interferometry survey in 1989. The radio spectrum appears to be powerful and compact, making it a compact steep spectrum source. The X-ray emission for this source is described by a simple power-law in the energy range.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">S5 1803+784</span> BL Lac object in the constellation Draco

S5 1803+784 is a BL Lacertae object located in the far northern constellation of Draco. It has an estimated redshift of (z) 0.68 and was first discovered as an astronomical radio source in 1981 by a team of astronomers. This object is also classified as a blazar because of its extreme variability on the electromagnetic spectrum and a source of gamma ray activity. According to preliminary analysis in May 2011, the source of S5 1803+784 has a gamma ray flux of electron−6 photon cm−2 s−1.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PKS 0420-014</span> Blazar in the constellation Eridanus

PKS 0420-014 is a blazar located in the constellation of Eridanus. This is a high polarized quasar with a redshift of (z) 0.915, first discovered as an astronomical radio source by astronomers in 1975. The radio spectrum of this source appears to be flat, making it a flat-spectrum radio quasar (FRSQ).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PKS 1622-297</span> Blazar in the constellation of Scorpius

PKS 1622-297 is a blazar located in the constellation of Scorpius. It is one of the brightest objects of its type in the gamma ray region. It has a redshift of (z) 0.815. This blazar was first discovered as a compact astronomical radio source in 1970 by astronomers who were conducting interferometer observations and identified with an optical counterpart in 1984. In addition, the radio spectrum of the source appears flat, making it a flat-spectrum radio quasar (FRSQ).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PKS 1510-089</span> Blazar in the constellation Libra

PKS 1510-089 is a blazar located in the constellation of Libra, categorized as a highly polarized quasar showing fast variations in polarization angles, with a redshift of (z) 0.361. It was first discovered in 1966 as an astronomical radio source during the Parkes Observatory survey in 1966. The radio spectrum of the source appears flat, thus making it a flat-spectrum radio quasar (FRSQ).

References

  1. 1 2 Shen, Z. -Q.; Wan, T. -S.; Moran, J. M.; Jauncey, D. L.; Reynolds, J. E.; Tzioumis, A. K.; Gough, R. G.; Ferris, R. H.; Sinclair, M. W.; Jiang, D. -R.; Hong, X. -Y.; Liang, S. -G.; Costa, M. E.; Tingay, S. J.; McCulloch, P. M. (1997-11-01). "A 5-GHz Southern Hemisphere VLBI Survey of Compact Radio Sources.I." The Astronomical Journal. 114: 1999. doi:10.1086/118621. ISSN   0004-6256.
  2. Sapre, A. K.; Mishra, V. D. (1985). "Redshifts of the brightest X-ray QSO's". Astrophysics and Space Science. 115 (1): 107–118. doi:10.1007/bf00653831. ISSN   0004-640X.
  3. Shimmins, A.J.; Day, G.A.; Ekers, R.D.; Cole, D.J. (1966). "The Parkes Catalogue Of Radio Sources Declination Zone 0° To -20°". Australian Journal of Physics. 19 (6): 837. doi:10.1071/ph660837. ISSN   0004-9506.
  4. Scott, R. L.; Leacock, R. J.; McGimsey, B. Q.; Smith, A. G.; Edwards, P. L.; Hackney, K. R.; Hackney, R. L. (1976-01-01). "Optical behavior of 64 extragalactic radio sources". The Astronomical Journal. 81: 7–19. doi:10.1086/111846. ISSN   0004-6256.
  5. Impey, C. D.; Tapia, S. (October 1988). "New blazars discovered by polarimetry". The Astrophysical Journal. 333: 666. doi:10.1086/166775. ISSN   0004-637X.
  6. Ciprini, Stefano; Fermi Large Area Telescope Collaboration (2015-08-01). "Fermi LAT detection of renewed GeV activity from the high redshift blazar PKS 0458-02". The Astronomer's Telegram. 7952: 1. Bibcode:2015ATel.7952....1C.
  7. Antolini, Elisa; Buson, Sara (2014-03-01). "Fermi LAT detection of GeV flares from blazars PKS 0458-02 and B2 1144+40". The Astronomer's Telegram. 5951: 1. Bibcode:2014ATel.5951....1A.
  8. Dinesh, Adithiya (2023-07-01). "Fermi-LAT detection of renewed gamma-ray activity from the FSRQ S3 0458-02". The Astronomer's Telegram. 16110: 1. Bibcode:2023ATel16110....1D.
  9. Orienti, M.; D'Ammando, F. (2012-09-01). "Fermi LAT detection of a GeV flare from the high redshift blazar PKS 0458-02". The Astronomer's Telegram. 4396: 1. Bibcode:2012ATel.4396....1O.
  10. D'Ammando, F.; Orienti, M.; Mountford, C. J. (2012-09-01). "Swift follow-up of the flaring high-redshift blazar PKS 0458-02". The Astronomer's Telegram. 4407: 1. Bibcode:2012ATel.4407....1D.
  11. Pursimo, Tapio; Ojha, Roopesh; Kiaeerad, Fatemeh (2012-09-01). "Optical activity of the flaring gamma-ray blazar PKS 0458-02". The Astronomer's Telegram. 4402: 1. Bibcode:2012ATel.4402....1P.
  12. Carrasco, L.; Miramon, J.; Porras, A.; Recillas, E.; Chavushyan, V.; Carraminana, A. (2015-01-01). "A New NIR Flare of the QSO PKS0458-02". The Astronomer's Telegram. 6995: 1. Bibcode:2015ATel.6995....1C.
  13. Kellermann, K. I.; Vermeulen, R. C.; Zensus, J. A.; Cohen, M. H. (April 1998). "Sub-Milliarcsecond Imaging of Quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei". The Astronomical Journal. 115 (4): 1295–1318. doi:10.1086/300308. ISSN   0004-6256.
  14. Jorstad, Svetlana G.; Marscher, Alan P.; Mattox, John R.; Wehrle, Ann E.; Bloom, Steven D.; Yurchenko, Alexei V. (June 2001). "Multiepoch Very Long Baseline Array Observations of EGRET-detected Quasars and BL Lacertae Objects: Superluminal Motion of Gamma-Ray Bright Blazars". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 134 (2): 181–240. arXiv: astro-ph/0101570 . doi:10.1086/320858. ISSN   0067-0049.
  15. Barthel, Peter D.; Vestergaard, Marianne; Lonsdale, Colin J. (2000-02-01). "Radio imaging of core-dominated high redshift quasars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 354: 7–16. arXiv: astro-ph/9911474 . ISSN   0004-6361.
  16. Punsly, Brian (April 1995). "The extended morphology of ultraluminous radio cores". The Astronomical Journal. 109: 1555. Bibcode:1995AJ....109.1555P. doi:10.1086/117385. ISSN   0004-6256.
  17. Ghisellini, G.; Perri, M.; Costamante, L.; Tagliaferri, G.; Sbarrato, T.; Campitiello, S.; Madejski, G.; Tavecchio, F.; Ghirlanda, G. (July 2019). "A NuSTAR view of powerful γ-ray loud blazars". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 627: A72. arXiv: 1906.02955 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935750. ISSN   0004-6361.
  18. Wolfe, A. M.; Briggs, F. H.; Turnshek, D. A.; Davis, M. M.; Smith, H. E.; Cohen, R. D. (July 1985). "Detection of 21 centimeter absorption at Z = 2.04 in the QSO PKS 0458-02". The Astrophysical Journal. 294: L67. Bibcode:1985ApJ...294L..67W. doi:10.1086/184511. ISSN   0004-637X.
  19. Tsuboi, Masato; Nakai, Naomasa (1991-12-01). "A Search for the CO J=1-0 Absorption Line at z=2.04 toward the QSO PKS 0458-02". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 43: L65–L68. Bibcode:1991PASJ...43L..65T. ISSN   0004-6264.