Dissorophidae is an extinct family of medium-sized temnospondyls that flourished during the late Carboniferous and early Permian periods. The clade is known almost exclusively from North America.
Biarmosuchia is an extinct clade of non-mammalian synapsids from the Permian. Biarmosuchians are the most basal group of the therapsids. They were moderately-sized, lightly built carnivores, intermediate in form between basal sphenacodont "pelycosaurs" and more advanced therapsids. Biarmosuchians were rare components of Permian ecosystems, and the majority of species belong to the clade Burnetiamorpha, which are characterized by elaborate cranial ornamentation.
Estemmenosuchus is an extinct genus of large, early omnivorous therapsid. It is believed and interpreted to have lived during the middle part of the Middle Permian around 267 million years ago. The two species, E. uralensis and E. mirabilis, are characterised by distinctive horn-like structures, which were probably used for intra-specific display. Both species of Estemmenosuchus are from the Perm region of Russia. Two other estemmenosuchids, Anoplosuchus and Zopherosuchus, are now considered females of the species E. uralensis. There were many complete and incomplete skeletons found together.
Dicynodon is a genus of dicynodont therapsid that flourished during the Upper Permian period. Like all dicynodonts, it was an herbivorous animal. This synapsid was toothless, except for prominent tusks, hence the name. It probably cropped vegetation with a horny beak, much like a tortoise, while the tusks may have been used for digging up roots and tubers.
Nyctiphruretus is an extinct genus of nyctiphruretid parareptile known from the Guadalupian series of European Russia.
Ennatosaurus is an extinct genus of caseid synapsid that lived during the Middle Permian in northern European Russia. The genus is only represented by its type species, Ennatosaurus tecton, which was named in 1956 by Ivan Antonovich Efremov. The species is known from at least six skulls associated with their lower jaws, as well as from the postcranial bones of several juvenile individuals. Ennatosaurus has the typical caseid skull with a short snout tilted forward and very large external nares. However, it differs from other derived caseids by its postcranial skeleton with smaller proportions compared to the size of the skull. As with other advanced caseids, the teeth of Ennatosaurus were well suited for slicing and cutting vegetation. The presence of a highly developed hyoid apparatus indicates the presence of a massive and mobile tongue, which had to work in collaboration with the palatal teeth during swallowing. With a late Roadian - early Wordian age, Ennatosaurus is one of the last known caseids.
Otsheria is an extinct genus of anomodont, in the infraorder venyukovioidea. It lived in modern-day Russia during the Permian.
Porosteognathus is an extinct genus of therocephalian therapsids. Remains have been found at Isheevo in Russia. It is known from the Middle Permian.
Annatherapsidus is an extinct genus of therocephalians from the Upper Permian of Russia. It was a fairly small animal with a length of 91 cm and a 22 cm skull. It was originally named Anna petri, but the genus name was already taken, so it was renamed to Annatherapsidus.
Chthonosaurus is an extinct genus of eutherocephalian therapsids from the Late Permian Kutulukskaya Formation of Russia. The type species Chthonosaurus velocidens was named in 1955.
Niaftasuchus is an extinct genus of therapsids. Its type and only named species is Niaftasuchus zekkeli.
Acentrophorus is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater and marine ray-finned fish from the Roadian to the Wuchiapingian of England, Germany (Kupferschiefer), Italy and Russia. There may also be a Triassic occurrence in Australia.
Alrausuchus is an extinct genus of biarmosuchian therapsids from Russia. It was named by M.F. Ivakhnenko in 2008, as a reclassification of the species Biarmosuchus tagax that Ivachnenko had named in 1990. Ivachnenko erected the monotypic family Alrausuchidae for the genus.
Gorochovetzia is an extinct genus of therocephalian therapsids from the Late Permian of Russia. Fossils have been found in the Gorokhovetsky District of Vladimir Oblast. Gorochovetzia is a member of the family Hofmeyriidae. Its type and only species is G. sennikovi, named in 2011. The skull is short and very robust. The canine teeth are large, while those behind them have enlarged crowns and serrated edges. The lower jaw is deep and curved upward.
Purlovia is an extinct genus of herbivorous therocephalian therapsids from the Late Permian of Russia. Fossils have been found from the Tonshayevsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast. The type species of Purlovia, P. maxima, was named in 2011.
Muchia is an extinct genus of therocephalian therapsids from the Late Permian of Russia. Fossils have been found in the Kotelnichsky District of Kirov Oblast. The type species M. microdenta was named in 2011. Muchia is known only from a fragment of the lower jaw, making its classification among therocephalians uncertain. It is thought to be within the subfamily Tetracynodontinae, part of the larger group Baurioidea. Other members of the group such as Tetracynodon and Malasaurus are known from more complete material, and have small elongated skulls. Muchia probably had a similar appearance to these therocephalians.
Silphedosuchus is an extinct genus of therocephalian therapsids from the Early Triassic of Russia. It is a member of the family Ericiolacertidae, along with the genus Ericiolacerta from South Africa and Antarctica. The type species Silphedosuchus orenburgensis was described in 1977 on the basis of a single holotype skull from Orenburg Oblast.
Blattoidealestes is an extinct genus of therocephalian therapsid from the Middle Permian of South Africa. The type species Blattoidealestes gracilis was named by South African paleontologist Lieuwe Dirk Boonstra from the Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone in 1954. Dating back to the Middle Permian, Blattoidealestes is one of the oldest therocephalians. It is similar in appearance to the small therocephalian Perplexisaurus from Russia, and may be closely related.
Scalopodon is an extinct genus of therocephalian therapsids from the Late Permian of Russia. The type species Scalopodon tenuisfrons was named in 1999 from the Kotelnichsky District of Kirov Oblast. Scalopodon is known from a single fragmentary holotype specimen including the back of the skull, the left side of the lower jaw and isolated postorbital and prefrontal bones. The skull was found in the Deltavjatia Assemblage Zone, which dates back to the early Wuchiapingian about 260 million years ago. Distinguishing features of Scalopodon include narrow frontal bones and a distinctive sagittal crest along the parietal region at the back of the skull. Scalopodon was originally classified in the family Scaloposauridae, and was the first scaloposaurid found in Russia. More recent studies of therocephalians have found scaloposaurids like Scalopodon to be juvenile forms of larger therocephalians and do not consider Scaloposauridae to be a valid group. Scalopodon and most other scaloposaurids are now classified as basal members of Baurioidea.
Macroscelesaurus is an extinct genus of therocephalian therapsid from the Late Permian of South Africa. The type species Macroscelesaurus janseni was named by Sidney H. Haughton in 1918 from the Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone. It is one of the few therocephalians known from postcranial remains.
