Pherbellia

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Pherbellia
Pherbellia cinerella.png
Pherbellia cinerella
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
Family: Sciomyzidae
Tribe: Sciomyzini
Genus: Pherbellia
Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830
Type species
Pherbellia vernallis
Species

About 95, see text

Synonyms

Pherbellia is a genus of flies in the family Sciomyzidae, the marsh flies or snail-killing flies. They occur throughout the world, except for the Subantarctic region. [2]

Like many Sciomyzidae, species of this genus have larvae that are predators or parasitoids of snails. The larva of P. albovaria, for example, eats land snails such as Anguispira alternata and A. fergusoni , and then pupates in the empty shell. [3] The P. albocostata larva eats up to five snails and then pupates in the ground litter next to the last empty shell. [4] The larva of P. inflexa attacks the glass snail Zonitoides arboreus . [5]

P. punctata is a parasitoid on the amber snail Succinea putris . [6] P. anubis larvae feed on several types of freshwater snails along the edges of ponds and marshes. [4] Several Pherbellia are predators of the pond snail Stagnicola palustris . [4] While most snail-killing flies target land and freshwater pulmonate snails, P. prefixa preys on the mossy valvata (Valvata sincera), which is an operculate snail in the valve snail family. [4]

As of 2012 there were about 95 species in the genus. [2]

Species

Pherbellia albocostata in the lower vegetation near a small pond
Two males of Pherbellia annulipes face off on a stump
Pherbellia cinerella

Species in this genus include: [7] [4]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sciomyzidae</span> Family of flies

The family Sciomyzidae belongs to the typical flies (Brachycera) of the order Diptera. They are commonly called marsh flies, and in some cases snail-killing flies due to the food of their larvae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ulidiidae</span> Family of flies

The Ulidiidae or picture-winged flies are a large and diverse cosmopolitan family of flies (Diptera), and as in related families, most species are herbivorous or detritivorous. They are often known as picture-winged flies, along with members of other families in the superfamily Tephritoidea that have patterns of bands or spots on the wings. Some species share with the Tephritidae an unusual elongated posteroapical projection of the anal cell in the wing, but can be differentiated by the smoothly curving subcostal vein. Two species, Tetanops myopaeformis and Euxesta stigmatias, are agricultural pests.

<i>Melieria</i> Genus of flies

Melieria is a genus of picture-winged fly in the family Ulidiidae.

<i>Coenosia</i> Genus of flies

Coenosia is a very large genus of true flies of the family Muscidae. Coenosia are known as tiger flies since they are predators and hunt many kinds of insects and other invertebrates.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Otitinae</span> Subfamily of flies

Otitinae is the name of a subfamily of flies in the family Ulidiidae. It was formerly the Otitidae. Like the Ulidiinae, most species are herbivorous or saprophagous. Most species share with the Tephritidae an unusual elongated projection of the anal cell in the wing, but can be differentiated by the smoothly curving subcostal vein. Most are dull gray to shiny brown or black flies with vein R1 setulose or, in a few cases, bare.

<i>Suillia</i> Genus of flies

Suillia is a genus of flies in the family Heleomyzidae. There are at least 130 described species in Suillia.

<i>Euthycera</i> Genus of flies

Euthycera is a genus of flies in the family Sciomyzidae, the marsh flies or snail-killing flies.

<i>Sepedon</i> Genus of flies

Sepedon is a genus of flies in the family Sciomyzidae, the marsh flies or snail-killing flies.

<i>Anticheta</i> Genus of flies

Anticheta is a genus of flies in the family Sciomyzidae, the marsh flies or snail-killing flies.

<i>Colobaea</i> Genus of flies

Colobaea is a genus of flies in the family Sciomyzidae, the marsh flies or snail-killing flies.

<i>Limnia</i> (fly) Genus of flies

Limnia is a genus of flies in the family Sciomyzidae, the marsh flies or snail-killing flies.

<i>Dictya</i> Genus of flies

Dictya is a genus of marsh flies in the family Sciomyzidae. There are at least 20 described species in Dictya.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tetanocerini</span> Tribe of flies

Tetanocerini is a tribe of flies in the family Sciomyzidae. There are more than 400 described species in the tribe.

<i>Tetanocera</i> Genus of flies

Tetanocera is a genus of marsh flies, insects in the family Sciomyzidae. There are at least 50 described species in Tetanocera.

<i>Pteromicra</i> Genus of flies

Pteromicra is a genus of flies in the family Sciomyzidae, the marsh flies or snail-killing flies.

<i>Ilione</i> (fly) Genus of flies

Ilione is a genus of flies in the family Sciomyzidae, the marsh flies or snail-killing flies.

<i>Dichetophora</i> Genus of flies

Dichetophora is a genus of flies in the family Sciomyzidae, the marsh flies or snail-killing flies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sciomyzini</span> Tribe of flies

Sciomyzini is a tribe of flies in the family Sciomyzidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sciomyzinae</span> Subfamily of flies

Sciomyzinae is a subfamily of flies in the family Sciomyzidae.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Rozkošný, R. (1984). The Sciomyzidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica. Vol. 14. E.J. Brill/Scandinavian Science Press. pp. 224 pp. ISBN   978-90-04-07592-4.
  2. 1 2 Knutson, William L.; Knutson, Lloyd V.; Chapman, Eric G.; Mc Donnell, Rory J.; Williams, Christopher D.; Foote, Benjamin A.; Vala, Jean-Claude (2012). "Key Aspects of the Biology of Snail-Killing Sciomyzidae Flies" (PDF). Annual Review of Entomology. 57: 425–447. doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-120710-100702. PMID   22149268. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 December 2014. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  3. ↑ Örstan, A. (2008). "Larva of the sciomyzid fly Pherbellia albovaria preys on the land snail Angispira fergusoni" (PDF). Triton. 18: 37. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Foote, B.A.; Knutson, L.V.; Keiper, J.B. (1999). "The snail-killing flies of Alaska (Diptera: Sciomyzidae)". Insecta Mundi. 13 (1–2): 45–71. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  5. ↑ Foote, B.A. (2007). "Biology of Pherbellia inflexa (Diptera: Sciomyzidae), a predator of land snails belonging to the genus Zonitoides". Entomological News. 118 (2): 193–198. doi:10.3157/0013-872x(2007)118[193:bopdsa]2.0.co;2.
  6. ↑ Moor, B. (1980). "On the biology of the relationship between Pherbellia punctata (Diptera, Sciomyzidae) and its host Succinea putris (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora)". Revue suisse de Zoologie . 87 (4): 941–953. doi: 10.5962/bhl.part.85565 . Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  7. ↑ Pherbellia. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
  8. ↑ Knutson, L.; Manguin, S.; Orth, R.E. (1990). "A second Australian species of Pherbellia Robineau Desvoidy (Diptera: Sciomyzidae)". Australian Journal of Entomology. 29 (4): 281–386. doi:10.1111/j.1440-6055.1990.tb00364.x.
  9. 1 2 3 4 Malloch, John Russell (1933). "Acalyptrata; Heleomyzidae, Trypetidae, Sciomyzidae, Sapromyzidae". Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile. 6 (4): 177–389.
  10. ↑ Knutson, Lloyd (1985). "Pherbellia kugleri, a remarkable new species from Mt. Hermon, with other new records of Sciomyzidae from Israel (Diptera:Acalyptratae)" (PDF). Israel Journal of Entomology. 19: 111–117. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  11. ↑ Sueyoshi, M. (2001). "A revision of Japanese Sciomyzidae (Diptera), with descriptions of three new species". Entomological Science. 4 (4): 485–506.
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