Pristomyrmex

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Pristomyrmex
Temporal range: Late Eocene - Recent
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Pristomyrmex bispinosus casent0101501 profile 1.jpg
P. bispinosus worker from Mauritius
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Formicidae
Subfamily: Myrmicinae
Tribe: Myrmecinini
Genus:Pristomyrmex
Mayr, 1866
Type species
Pristomyrmex pungens
Diversity [1]
59 species

Pristomyrmex is a genus of ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae. [2]

A genus is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, as well as viruses, in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus.

Ant family of insects

Ants are eusocial insects of the family Formicidae and, along with the related wasps and bees, belong to the order Hymenoptera. Ants evolved from wasp-like ancestors in the Cretaceous period, about 140 million years ago, and diversified after the rise of flowering plants. More than 12,500 of an estimated total of 22,000 species have been classified. They are easily identified by their elbowed antennae and the distinctive node-like structure that forms their slender waists.

In biological classification, a subfamily is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoological names with "-inae".

Contents

Distribution and habitat

The genus is composed of 59 extant species restricted to the Old World tropics and a single extinct species, Pristomyrmex rasnitsyni , described from Scandinavian amber. [3] Its center of diversity is the Oriental region, though species are also known from the Australian rainforests, Africa, Mauritius and Réunion. Most of the species inhabit the rainforest, forage as predators or scavengers, and tend to nest in soil, leaf litter or rotten wood. [4]

Old World Collectively Africa, Europe, and Asia

The term 'Old World' is used commonly in the West to refer to Africa, Asia and Europe, regarded collectively as the part of the world known to its population before contact with the 'New World'.

Tropics region of the Earth surrounding the Equator

The tropics are the region of the Earth surrounding the Equator. They are delimited in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at 23°26′12.2″ (or 23.43672°) N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere at 23°26′12.2″ (or 23.43672°) S; these latitudes correspond to the axial tilt of the Earth. The tropics are also referred to as the tropical zone and the torrid zone. The tropics include all the areas on the Earth where the Sun contacts a point directly overhead at least once during the solar year - thus the latitude of the tropics is roughly equal to the angle of the Earth's axial tilt.

Pristomyrmex rasnitsyni is an extinct species of ant in the genus Pristomyrmex. The species is known from a single Late Eocene fossil which was found in Europe.

Species

<i>Pristomyrmex bispinosus</i> Species of ant

Pristomyrmex bispinosus is a species of ant in the subfamily Myrmicinae. It was described by Donisthorpe in 1949.

Pristomyrmex tsujii is a species of ant in the genus Pristomyrmex. Known from Fiji, where they are widely distributed but rarely encountered. The species has a discrete ergatoid queen caste that is intermediate between a worker and an alate queen.

Related Research Articles

Ponerinae subfamily of insects

Ponerinae is a subfamily of ants in the Poneromorph subfamilies group, with about 1,600 species in 47 extant genera, including Dinoponera gigantea - one of the world's largest species of ant. Mated workers have replaced the queen as the functional egg-layers in several species of ponerine ants. In such queenless species, the reproductive status of workers can only be determined through ovarian dissections.

Myrmicinae subfamily of ants with cosmopolitan distribution whose pupae do not create cocoons

Myrmicinae is a subfamily of ants, with about 140 extant genera; their distribution is cosmopolitan. The pupae lack cocoons. Some species retain a functional sting. The petioles of Myrmicinae consist of two nodes. The nests are permanent and in soil, rotting wood, under stones, or in trees.

Dolichoderinae Subfamily of ants

Dolichoderinae is a subfamily of ants, which includes species such as the Argentine ant, the erratic ant, the odorous house ant, and the cone ant. The subfamily presents a great diversity of species throughout the world, distributed in different biogeographic regions, from the Palearctic, Nearctic, Afrotropical region and Malaysia, to the Middle East, Australian, and Neotropical regions.

<i>Tapinoma</i> Genus of ants

Tapinoma is a genus of ants that belongs to the subfamily Dolichoderinae. The genus currently comprises 74 described species distributed worldwide in tropical and temperate regions. Members of are generalized foragers, nesting in a wide variety of habitats, ranging from grasslands, open fields, woodlands, to inside buildings. The majority of species nest in the ground under objects such as stones or tree logs, other species build nests under bark of logs and stumps, in plant cavities, insect galls or refuse piles.

<i>Myrmica</i> genus of insects

Myrmica is a genus of ants within the subfamily Myrmicinae. It is widespread throughout the temperate regions of the Holarctic and high mountains in Southeast Asia.

<i>Aphaenogaster</i> Genus of ants

Aphaenogaster is a genus of myrmicine ants. About 200 species have been described, including 18 fossil species. They occur worldwide except in South America south of Colombia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Antarctica.

<i>Plagiolepis</i> Genus of ants

Plagiolepis is an ant genus of the formic acid-producing subfamily Formicinae. The genus is found in tropical and temperate regions of the Old World.

<i>Pachycondyla</i> genus of ants

Pachycondyla is a ponerine genus of ants found in the Neotropics.

Crematogastrini Tribe of ants

Crematogastrini is a tribe of myrmicine ants with 64 genera and 8 fossil genera.

<i>Anochetus</i> genus of insects

Anochetus is a genus of carnivorous ants found in the tropics and subtropics throughout the world.

<i>Myrmecina</i> Genus of ants

Myrmecina is a genus of ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae. It contains 51 species distributed in North America, Europe, northern Africa, India east, Korea, Japan and Australia.

<i>Dolichoderus</i> Genus of ants

Dolichoderus is a genus of ants found worldwide.

<i>Technomyrmex</i> Genus of ants

Technomyrmex is a genus of ants in the subfamily Dolichoderinae. With 98 species, it is one of the largest and most diverse ant genera in the Dolichoderinae. The genus distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical zones with most species occurring in the Oriental-Malesian and Afrotropical regions. One species, Technomyrmex albipes is a tramp ant now widespread throughout the tropics due to human activities.

<i>Cerapachys</i> Genus of ants

Cerapachys is a genus of ants in the subfamily Dorylinae. Species are mainly myrmecophagous ants which raid the nests of other ants for prey. The genus is distributed widely throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, with the majority of species known from the Indo-Australian region.

<i>Lordomyrma</i> Genus of ants

Lordomyrma is a genus of ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae.

<i>Carebara</i> Genus of ants

Carebara is a genus of ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae. It is one of the largest myrmicine genera with more than 174 species distributed worldwide in the tropics and the Afrotropical region. Many of them are very tiny cryptic soil and leaf litter inhabitants. They nest in rotten wood to which the bark is still adherent in the Afrotropical region, or may be lestobiotic nesting near other ant species. Some species are known to exist parasitically within termite nests. Little is known about the biology of the species. However, they are notable for the vast difference in size between queens and workers.

References

  1. ↑ Bolton, B. (2014). "Pristomyrmex". AntCat. Retrieved 5 July 2014.
  2. ↑ "Genus: Pristomyrmex". antweb.org. AntWeb . Retrieved 23 September 2013.
  3. ↑ Dlussky, G. M.; Radchenko, A. G. (2011). "Pristomyrmex rasnitsyni sp. n., the first known fossil species of the ant genus Pristomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Late Eocene Danish amber". Russian Entomological Journal. 20 (3): 251–254.
  4. ↑ Sarnat, E.; Economo, E. (2013). "Pristomyrmex tsujii sp. n. and P. mandibularis Mann (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Fiji". ZooKeys . 340: 43. doi:10.3897/zookeys.340.5479. PMC   3800798 .

ZooKeys is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering zoological taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography. It was established in 2008 and the editor-in-chief is Terry Erwin. It is published by Pensoft Publishers.

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