Professional wrestling in Israel

Last updated

Professional wrestling in Israel has been promoted since the 1950s after the nation's establishment.

Contents

Israeli professional wrestling promotions

In the 1950s, Rafael Halperin worked in the United States as a professional wrestler in Vince McMahon Sr.'s Capitol Wrestling Corporation. [1] He later returned to Israel, where he popularized professional wrestling. [2] His most well known matches in Israel were against Achmad Fuad and the "Jordanian Tiger" Abu Antar. The match with Fuad took place on 18 June 1966 in front of 6,000 fans at the Bloomfield Stadium and caused the police to use tear gas after a big riot broke out immediately after Fuad attacked the victorious Halperin. [3] The match with Abu Antar took place on 20 September 1973 and was the most successful local wrestling match seen in the country, as the Yad Eliyahu Arena was sold out to witness Halperin defeat the "Jordanian Tiger". This was Halperin's last match and after he retired from professional wrestling. [4]

Israeli Pro Wrestling Association (IPWA) was an independent wrestling promotion, the first such promotion operating in Israel. IPWA was founded on 17 October 2001 by Gery Roif and ran a few exhibition matches on national TV before holding the initial Summer Splash event in summer 2002. [5] In 2005 almost the entire IPWA roster starred in a wrestling/social satire sitcom series "Makkat Medina" ("The Land Under Attack"), gaining further recognition in Israel. Both Kevin Von Erich and Bret Hart visited the crew during taping. [6] On 16 August 2012 Tatanka main evented the Wrestling Super Show as he defeated Rabbi Swissa to win the IPWA Heavyweight Championship. [7] Two months later the match was shown on Israeli sport channel ONE. On 19 April 2014 former two time WWE Cruiserweight champion and two time ECW Tag Team champion, Little Guido defeated Rabbi Swissa in IPWA's traditional Passover Bash which was the last show of the promotion. In April 2019 however, IPWA returned with an additional Passover Bash event, which is scheduled to feature Jay Lethal defending the ROH World Championship against David Starr. [8] The card is also scheduled to include a championship match between Roif and Matt Sydal. [9]

All Wrestling Organization (AWO) was founded in early June 2012 by Mahran Abdul Hai, [10] as Israel's second promotion. The debut show, "WrestleFest", was held on 21 June in front of a sold-out crowd of 600 fans. The show was sponsored and broadcast by Panet. On 21 November 2013 Joe E. Legend main evented the "Autumn Fallout" show which took place in Tel Aviv. On 29 May 2014 the promotion ran the first local professional wrestling show in Haifa, the show was taped and was broadcast on the Ego Total channel. "WrestleFest III" took place on 26 June 2014 and saw the debut of former WWE superstars Carlito and Chris Masters (who won the AWO championship), this show was also broadcast on Ego Total as well as the main Ego channel. AWO currently has two championships, the AWO Heavyweight Championship [11] and the AWO Israeli Championship. [12]

Israeli Wrestling League (IWL), a third wrestling federation in Israel was founded in 2013 by Eitan Levy and Lidor Bushari. [13] The first performance of the league took place in May 2013 during the filming of the wrestling season in the fourth season of HaYafa VeHaChnun, the Israeli version of Beauty and the Geek . [14] The wrestling academy, led by Lidor Bushari, opened in May 2014 in Rehovot at the Alternative Sports Center, where performances were held every two month. As of 2017, the academy operates in Petah Tikva, where its shows are being held as well. The IWL has one belt, the IWL Heavyweight Championship. [15] The IWL held its final show in 2019 prior to the COVID-19 Pandemic with the hope of finding a new venue but was unable, this led to the organization closing down and their ring was sold.

On 12 August 2015, Chaos defended the Union of European Wrestling Alliances European Heavyweight Championship in Tira for All Wrestling Organization. [16]

Ultimate Wrestling Israel (UWI), the fourth wrestling federation in Israel was founded in November 2015. [17] The UWI currently has one belt, the UWI Shomer Shabbos Heavyweight Championship, previously known as the UWI Heavyweight Championship until February 2017. [18]

In July 2017 the Drive in Arena in Tel Aviv hosted the largest wrestling show in Israel in over 20 years, known as the Rage Megashow. [19] [20] The show featured the return of Kevin Von Erich (with his sons Ross and Marshall) Tatanka and Marty Jannetty to Israel. [21] [22] Other international stars included Bad Bones, David Starr, and Jurn Simmons. [23] [24]

In 2023, Israeli Comedian Jonathan Barak announced that he was opening Wrestling Israel. Barak had purchased the ring previously owned by the Israeli Wrestling League and began posting photos and videos to Social Media to promote the league. While the opening of the promotion has been delayed due to the outbreak of the 2023 Israel-Hamas War, the organization is continuing to work behind the scenes to get things ready to run shows and open an academy.

Overseas wrestling promotions in Israel

All Star Wrestling

British promotion All Star Wrestling - at the time the recipient of a share of ITV television coverage in the UK - toured Israel in the late 1980s. Lead heel Kendo Nagasaki included a group photo of the tour party at Ben Gurion Airport in his 2018 autobiography. As well as himself, his manager "Gorgeous" George Gillette, frequent tag partner "Psycho" Shane Stevens and personal assistant Lawrence Stevens, the tour party as pictured included future WCW/WWE wrestler William Regal (then known as Steve Regal), future WCW/TNA wrestler Dave Taylor, then British Ladies Champion Mitzi Mueller, her frequent rival (and successor following Mueller's retirement) Klondyke Kate and Mueller's husband, referee and ASW promoter Brian Dixon. [25]

Impact Wrestling

In September 2007 Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (now Impact Wrestling) announced two shows to take place in Tel Aviv in November, in the Nokia Arena. [26] Wrestlers promoted to attend included TNA World Heavyweight Champion Kurt Angle, Samoa Joe, Christian Cage, Abyss, AJ Styles, X Division Champion Jay Lethal, Team 3D, Triple X, Sonjay Dutt, James Storm, Gail Kim, Jackie Moore, Chris Harris, Eric Young, Robert Roode, Voodoo Kin Mafia, and Petey Williams. [27] [28] The tour was ultimately canceled stating business reasons.

Both the Impact! TV series and pay-per-views are carried on EGO Total in Israel. [29]

Major League Wrestling

In January 2019 Major League Wrestling announced EGO Total as their first international TV partner. [30] [31]

Ring of Honor

In February 2019, it was announced that in April Ring of Honor scheduled Jay Lethal to defend the ROH World Championship against David Starr at IPWA's Passover Bash. [32] [33] Should Lethal lose the championship prior to the match, Starr would instead face whoever the new champion is at the time. [34] In March, Starr released a video on his feelings on the match, which Ring of Honor ordered to have taken down. [35] In early April however, Lethal lost the championship at G1 Supercard, however the new champion did not appear, and Lethal appeared as a non-champion. Starr proceeded to call out Ring of Honor again, for failing to deliver on their promises. [36]

World Class Championship Wrestling

Kevin Von Erich and his brother Mike Von Erich came to Israel in the early 1980s. The Von Erich family were wrestling for World Class Championship Wrestling which was carried in Israel on Middle East Television, on Saturday nights. [37] During this time, WCCW was the most popular English-language program in Israel. [38] The Von Erich family trip to Israel was considered very successful and credited them for bringing popularity of professional wrestling to Israel. [39] During the tour, WCCW created a WCCW Middle Eastern Championship which Mike Von Erich won defeating Gino Hernandez on August 7, 1985. [40] Among the main participants on the Israel tour included Chris Adams, Iceman King Parsons, Buddy Roberts, Scott Casey, Brian Adias, Rip Oliver, Kelly Kiniski and Johnny Mantell.

WWE

WWE on TV

In the early 1990s the WWF (now WWE) was broadcast on Friday afternoons in Israel on Sport 5. As publicity for the program the WWF gave out free photo albums to high school kids. [41] In 1995 Dafna Lemish began a successful campaign to remove WWE content from TV, claiming a direct correlation between wrestling and violence in schools. [42] Eventually WWE programming was brought back to Israel, with Raw and SmackDown broadcasting on Sport 1 and Sport 1 HD. [43] [44]

Live shows

The WWE made several live appearances in Israel in 1994. [6] [45] In July 2006 the WWE scheduled live events in Tel Aviv for their SmackDown brand, however due to the 2006 Lebanon War the WWE postponed the events to September, before eventually canceling the show, after having sold 22,000 tickets. [46] [47]

DateCityMatches
October 7, 1993 Tel Aviv 1-2-3 Kid beat Doink the Clown (Steve Lombardi
Razor Ramon (IC) beat I.R.S. via count-out
Bob Backlund beat Papa Shango
The Headshrinkers beat The Smoking Gunns
Diesel beat The Brooklyn Brawler (subbing for Mr. Perfect (wrestler))
The Undertaker beat Adam Bomb (subbing for Mr. Hughes) in a casket match
Lex Luger beat Ludvig Borga (subbing for WWF World Champion Yokozuna)
October 8, 1993 Haifa 1-2-3 Kid beat Doink the Clown (Steve Lombardi
Razor Ramon (IC) beat I.R.S. via count-out
Bob Backlund beat Papa Shango
The Headshrinkers beat The Smoking Gunns
Diesel beat The Brooklyn Brawler (subbing for Mr. Perfect (wrestler))
The Undertaker beat Adam Bomb (subbing for Mr. Hughes) in a casket match
Lex Luger beat Ludvig Borga (subbing for WWF World Champion Yokozuna)
7 February 1994 Jerusalem Adam Bomb beat Billy Gunn
Kwang beat Jim Powers
The Steiner Brothers beat The Quebecers (TT) via count-out
Lex Luger beat Jeff Jarrett via count-out
Doink the Clown beat Bam Bam Bigelow
Diesel beat Billy Gunn (subbing for Marty Jannetty)
Bret Hart beat Yokozuna (HW) via disqualification
8 February 1994 Tel Aviv Billy Gunn beat Adam Bomb
Jeff Jarrett beat Jim Powers
The Steiner Brothers beat The Quebecers (TT) via count-out
Doink the Clown beat Bam Bam Bigelow
Diesel beat Billy Gunn (subbing for Marty Jannetty)
Bret Hart and Lex Luger beat Yokozuna and Kwang
2 April 1994 Haifa Earthquake beat Kwang
Bam Bam Bigelow beat Tatanka
Diesel beat Randy Savage
Bret Hart (HW) beat Owen Hart
Men on a Mission beat The Headshrinkers
2 April 1994 Holon Earthquake beat Bam Bam Bigelow
Kwang beat The 1-2-3 Kid
Fatu beat Mo
Mabel beat Samu
Tatanka beat Jeff Jarrett via disqualification
Diesel beat Randy Savage via count-out
Bret Hart and Razor Ramon beat Owen Hart and Shawn Michaels
3 April 1994Tel AvivBam Bam Bigelow beat Tatanka
Jeff Jarrett beat the 1-2-3 Kid
Earthquake beat Kwang
Razor Ramon (IC) beat Shawn Michaels
Mo defeated Fatu
Diesel beat Randy Savage via count-out
Bret Hart beat Owen Hart
4 December 1994Tel Aviv Aldo Montoya beat Quebecer Pierre
The Bushwhackers beat Timothy Well and Barry Horowitz (subbing for Steven Dunn)
Duke Droese beat Kwang
Lex Luger beat Tatanka
Razor Ramon (IC) beat Jeff Jarrett
The Smoking Gunns beat The Heavenly Bodies via disqualification
Davey Boy Smith beat King Kong Bundy

IC = Entered match as Intercontinental Champion
TT = Entered match as Tag Team Champion
HW = Entered match as Heavyweight Champion


Israeli impact on overseas wrestling

The UWF Israeli Championship was a secondary title in the Universal Wrestling Federation. It was awarded to Joshua Ben-Gurion in May 1991 and retired in November 1991. [48]

Israeli wrestler Aviv Maayan competed extensively in the United Kingdom in the 2000s. both for traditional "Old School" companies such as All Star Wrestling and Premier Promotions and for Americanised "New School" promotions such as Revolution Pro Wrestling and IPW:UK in both of which he held the promotions' lead heavyweight singles titles.

In response to the 2014 Jerusalem synagogue attack, World Championship Wrestling veteran, Bill Goldberg, put on Tefillin to raise awareness of the incident. [49]

Noam Dar, was born in Tel Aviv, [50] and raised in Ayr. [51] Dar was a contestant on Season 2 of Total Nonstop Action Wrestling's British Boot Camp which was televised nationally in the UK on Challenge TV. Dar advanced to the final six but the competition but ultimately did not win. [52] [53] On 31 March 2016, Dar was announced as a participant in WWE's upcoming Global Cruiserweight Series tournament, [54] making him the first Israeli wrestler to perform in the WWE. Dar currently wrestling on the 205 Live [55] and NXT UK [56] brands.

On 7 August 2017, Israeli Tomer Shalom made his WWE debut in a match against Jason Jordan. [57]

Despite the boycott imposed by the Arab and Muslim-majority states, Israelis sometimes compete with Arab or Muslim wrestlers (particularly Noam Dar competing against Mustafa Ali). [58]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sabu (wrestler)</span> American professional wrestler

Terrance Michael "Terry" Brunk is a retired American professional wrestler, better known by his ring name Sabu. He is known for his trademark style of hardcore wrestling, which he pioneered in his time with Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) from 1995 to 2000. He is a three-time World Heavyweight Champion having held the ECW World Heavyweight Championship twice and the NWA World Heavyweight Championship once.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chris Masters</span> American professional wrestler

Christopher Todd Mordetzky is an American professional wrestler, currently signed to National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) under the ring name Chris Adonis as a member of Strictly Business. He is a former two-time National Champion in NWA. He is best known for his time in WWE, under the ring name Chris Masters. He is also known for his time in Impact Wrestling, under the ring name Chris Adonis and for his appearances for Qatar Pro Wrestling.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Héctor Guerrero</span> Mexican professional wrestler

Héctor Manuel Guerrero Llanes is a Mexican American former commentator and professional wrestler. He is a part of professional wrestling's Guerrero family along with his father Gory, brothers Chavo, Mando, and Eddie, nephew Chavo Jr., and niece Raquel Diaz. During his career, Guerrero worked for most of the major North American wrestling promotions, most notably serving as Total Nonstop Action Wrestling's Spanish color commentator from 2007 to 2015.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Israeli Pro Wrestling Association</span> Israeli professional wrestling promotion and school

Israeli Pro Wrestling Association is an independent wrestling promotion, operating from Israel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Danny Burch</span> British professional wrestler

Martyn Harris is an English professional wrestler best known for his time with WWE, where he performed on the NXT brand under the ring name Danny Burch. He is a former one time NXT Tag Team Champion with Oney Lorcan. He has worked in the British independent circuit under the ring name Martin Stone with promotions such as Insane Championship Wrestling (ICW), Frontier Wrestling Alliance (FWA), and International Pro Wrestling: United Kingdom (IPW:UK).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Stone (wrestler)</span> American amateur wrestler and professional wrestler

Robert Strauss is an American professional wrestler and manager. He is currently signed to WWE, where he performs on the NXT brand as a manager and occasional wrestler under the ring name Mr. Stone. He is best known for his time in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling under the ring name Robbie E, where he is a former two-time TNA World Tag Team Champion as part of The BroMans with Jessie Godderz, while also being a former one-time TNA Television Champion and TNA X Division Champion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thom Latimer</span> British professional wrestler and actor

Thomas Raymond Latimer is an English professional wrestler and actor. He currently competes for the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA), where he is the current NWA National Heavyweight Champion in his first reign, and a former NWA World Television Champion. He also competes on the independent circuit. Latimer is known for his work in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling under the ring name Bram, where he is a former one-time TNA King of the Mountain Champion. Before signing to TNA, he performed under the ring name Kenneth Cameron for WWE's developmental territory NXT as a member of The Ascension.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">All Wrestling Organization</span> Israeli professional wrestling promotion

All Wrestling Organization was an independent wrestling promotion in the Middle East, that operated in Israel from 2012 to 2023.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tony Nese</span> American professional wrestler

Anthony Nese is an American professional wrestler currently signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW). He also appears for AEW's sister promotion Ring of Honor. He is a member of The Premier Athlethes stable. He is best known for his time in WWE, where he is a former one-time WWE Cruiserweight Champion.

Oliver Biney is an English professional wrestler best known for his time in WWE, performing under the ring name Rampage Brown. He is also known for his work throughout the European and British independent wrestling circuit. Biney also briefly worked for WWE's developmental territory Florida Championship Wrestling in 2011 and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling in September 2014. He is currently a trainer for New Generation Wrestling in their North East School.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Will Ospreay</span> English professional wrestler (born 1993)

William Peter Charles Ospreay is an English professional wrestler, currently signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW). He is also known for his 8 year tenure with New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), where he held various championships, including the IWGP World Heavyweight Championship. He is the leader of the United Empire and a member of the Don Callis Family stable. Ospreay is regarded by fans, peers, and industry journalists as one of the best in-ring performers of all-time.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Killian Dain</span> Northern Irish professional wrestler

Damian Mackle is a Northern Irish professional wrestler. He is known for his time in WWE, where he performed under the ring name Killian Dain. Since his departure from WWE, he has reverted back to his ring name on the independent circuit, Big Damo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Noam Dar</span> Israeli-Scottish professional wrestler

Noam Dar is a Scottish-Israeli professional wrestler. He is currently signed to WWE, where he performs on the NXT brand. He is the leader of The Meta-Four stable and has held the NXT Heritage Cup a record-setting three times. He is also known for his tenure with Scottish promotion Insane Championship Wrestling (ICW).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kris Travis</span> British wrestler

Kris Travis was a British professional wrestler. He was a staple of the UK and European independent wrestling scenes, working for companies such as PROGRESS Wrestling, Insane Championship Wrestling, Preston City Wrestling, Premier British Wrestling, Revolution Pro Wrestling, Westside Xtreme Wrestling, British Championship Wrestling, One Pro Wrestling, Total Nonstop Action, Frontier Wrestling Alliance and others, until his death in 2016.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">J. T. Dunn</span> American professional wrestler

Johnny Davis Jr. is an American professional wrestler, better known by his ring name J. T. Dunn.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Travis Banks</span> New Zealand professional wrestler

Travis Bligh, better known by his ring name Travis Banks, is a New Zealand professional wrestler. He is best known for his time in WWE on their NXT UK brand. He is also known for competing in promotions such as Fight Club Pro, What Culture Pro Wrestling, Attack! Pro Wrestling, Revolution Pro Wrestling, and most notably Progress Wrestling, where he is a former World Champion. He works in Mexican promotions such as International Wrestling Revolution Group, Kaoz Lucha Libre, The Crash Lucha Libre and Wrestling League Society. As of 2023 he is the fourth champion of the Morelia, Michoacan wrestling promotion SCW.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Israeli Wrestling League</span>

Israeli Wrestling League (IWL), is an Israeli professional wrestling promotion founded in 2013 by Eitan Levy & Lidor Bushary. Its first show was in May 2013 during the filming of the wrestling season in the fourth season of HaYafa VeHaChnun, the Israeli version of Beauty and the Geek. The wrestling academy, led by Lidor Bushary, opened in May 2014 in Rehovot at the Alternative Sports Center, where performances are held every two month. The IWL has one belt, the IWL Heavyweight Championship. As of 2016, the IWL does not pay their wrestlers, in order to keep costs down. The promotions' final event was IWL XX in 2018.

Tomer Shalom is an Israeli professional wrestler who was trained by Rob Fuego in Canada.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ultimate Wrestling Israel</span>

Ultimate Wrestling Israel (UWI), the fourth wrestling federation in Israel was founded in November 2015. The UWI currently has one belt, the UWI Shomer Shabbos Heavyweight Championship, previously known as the UWI Heavyweight Championship until February 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alexander Hammerstone</span> American professional wrestler

Alex Rohde, better known by the ring name Alexander Hammerstone, is an American professional wrestler and musician currently signed to Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), where he performs under the ring name Hammerstone. He is best known for his time in Major League Wrestling (MLW), where he was a former MLW World Heavyweight Champion, the inaugural and longest reigning National Openweight Champion, and the winner of the Battle Riot in 2021.

References

  1. ↑ Tateh, read me a story, Leah Abramovitz, Jerusalem Post, May 4, 2001
  2. ↑ "Pro Wrestling History in Israel". Israeli Pro Wrestling Association. Retrieved 2009-12-22.
  3. ↑ http://jpress.org.il/Olive/APA/NLI_Heb/SharedView.Article.aspx?parm=dcC2GvWVA%2BeRKsli1WdgKC%2FfD81ZNF79ImYHAjnI2aG2v4xy1czXYZrhPvv2hSHPYw%3D%3D&mode=image&href=MAR%2f1967%2f03%2f29&page=2&rtl=true [ bare URL ]
  4. ↑ "ולתפארת מדינת ישראל: רפאל הלפרין, המתאבק העברי". בין החבלים (in Hebrew). 2014-05-06. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  5. ↑ "Pro Wrestling / Blue-and-white Style / Welcome to the Haus". Haaretz. 2009-05-13. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  6. 1 2 The History of the WWE - 1994
  7. ↑ Israel IPWA Event
  8. ↑ "Wrestler Starr slams Sinclair in politically charged promo, removes it - World News - Jerusalem Post". www.jpost.com. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
  9. ↑ "Wrestling's Ring of Honor world championship to be held in Israel". WIN. 26 February 2019. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
  10. ↑ "המתאבק הערבי שיביא את ה-WWE לישראל". ynet. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  11. ↑ Kreikenbohm, Philip. "AWO Heavyweight Championship « Titles Database « CAGEMATCH - The Internet Wrestling Database". www.cagematch.net. Retrieved 2017-11-29.
  12. ↑ Kreikenbohm, Philip. "AWO Israeli Championship « Titles Database « CAGEMATCH - The Internet Wrestling Database". www.cagematch.net. Retrieved 2017-11-29.
  13. ↑ Kreikenbohm, Philip. "Israeli Wrestling League (IWL) « Promotions Database « CAGEMATCH - The Internet Wrestling Database". www.cagematch.net. Retrieved 2017-11-29.
  14. ↑ "ליגת ההיאבקות הישראלית - IWL". www.israeliwrestling.co.il. Retrieved 2017-11-29.
  15. ↑ Kreikenbohm, Philip. "IWL Heavyweight Championship « Titles Database « CAGEMATCH - The Internet Wrestling Database". www.cagematch.net. Retrieved 2017-11-29.
  16. ↑ "History".
  17. ↑ Kreikenbohm, Philip. "Ultimate Wrestling Israel (UWI) « Promotions Database « CAGEMATCH - The Internet Wrestling Database". www.cagematch.net. Retrieved 2017-11-29.
  18. ↑ Kreikenbohm, Philip. "UWI Shomer Shabbos Heavyweight Championship « Titles Database « CAGEMATCH - The Internet Wrestling Database". www.cagematch.net. Retrieved 2017-11-29.
  19. ↑ "'Rage Megashow' wrestling event brings Israel into the ring". article.wn.com. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  20. ↑ "'Rage Megashow' wrestling event brings Israel into the ring". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  21. ↑ "KEVIN VON ERICH RETURNS TO THE RING: 7/8 RAGE MEGASHOW LIVE REPORT FROM TEL AVIV, ISRAEL | PWInsider.com". www.pwinsider.com. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  22. ↑ "Kevin Von Erich and Tatanka are ready to rumble in Israel". Ynetnews. 2017-04-03. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  23. ↑ "WrestleMania is making its way to Israel with Kevin Von Erich and Tatanka". Jewish Business News. 2017-04-03. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  24. ↑ "The Rage Wrestling Mega Show in Israel". The Darkroom: Exploring visual journalism from the Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  25. ↑ Kendo Nagasaki and the Man Behind the Mask, Peter Thornley, MinuteCircle Services Ltd., 2018, ISBN   9781908345479
  26. ↑ "TNA News: Carter, Israel Show, Bound for Glory Updates | 411MANIA". 411mania.com. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  27. ↑ "TNA to do Israel House Show". this blog is dead. 2007-09-13. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  28. ↑ "Mixed WWE & TNA Bag: Angle, 'Mania, Christian, RAW - Wrestlezone". Wrestlezone. 2007-09-12. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  29. ↑ "TNA Announces New International Television Deals - Wrestlezone". Wrestlezone. 2012-01-16. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  30. ↑ "MLW partners with Ego TV to bring FUSION to Israel". MLW: Major League Wrestling®. 17 January 2019. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
  31. ↑ https://www.pwinsiderelite.com/article.php?id=123306&p=1 [ bare URL ]
  32. ↑ Solowrestling (2019-02-22). "Ring Of Honor anuncia que su Campeonato Mundial se defenderá por primera vez en Israel". www.solowrestling.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2019-03-21.
  33. ↑ "Ring of Honor World Championship to be defended in Israel - Israel News - Jerusalem Post". www.jpost.com. 23 February 2019. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
  34. ↑ "Jay Lethal To ROH World Title For First Time Ever In Israel Against David Starr | Fightful Wrestling". www.fightful.com. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
  35. ↑ "David Starr Got Political, Censored Before ROH Title Match In Israel". UPROXX. 2019-03-20. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
  36. ↑ "David Starr Calls Out ROH Again; Says They Lied To IPWA And Have No Honor | Fightful Wrestling". www.fightful.com. Retrieved 2019-04-22.
  37. ↑ Roif, Gery. "משפחת ואן אריק בישראל - הסיפור המלא | Von Erichs in Israel - The full story". www.ipwa.co.il. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  38. ↑ "Born-Again Bashing". Classic Wrestling Articles. 2014-10-14. Retrieved 2017-12-01.
  39. ↑ "Wrestling History in Israel". Online World of Wrestling. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  40. ↑ Kreikenbohm, Philip. "WCCW Israel Tour - Tag 5 « Events Database « CAGEMATCH - The Internet Wrestling Database". www.cagematch.net. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  41. ↑ "World Wrestling Entertainment: Achieving Continued Growth and Market Penetration through International Expansion". The Sport Journal. 2006-09-06. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  42. ↑ Roif, Gery. "WWE בישראל". www.ipwa.co.il. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  43. ↑ "WWE Israel Scheduling". WWE. Archived from the original on June 16, 2009. Retrieved August 21, 2009.
  44. ↑ "Sport 1 Schedule" (in Hebrew). Sky Sport 1 . Retrieved August 21, 2009.
  45. ↑ "World Wrestling Federation Results 1994". www.softwolves.pp.se. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  46. ↑ "WWE Plans September Live Events in Tel Aviv". corporate.wwe.com. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  47. ↑ "Hizbullah Smackdown upstages WWE". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  48. ↑ "UWF Israeli Championship". Pro Wrestling History. Retrieved 2008-01-26.
  49. ↑ "20 Things You Didn't Know About Bill GoldbergHe's a spokesman for the ASPCA". Complex. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  50. ↑ צפריר, עירד (21 August 2016). "נועם דר: "כמובן שהתוצאה נקבעת מראש, אבל אפשר לדבר עם היריב והמארגן כדי לקבוע איך הקרב יילך"". הארץ. Retrieved 15 April 2017– via Haaretz.
  51. ↑ "FutureProWrestlingProfile". Archived from the original on 2016-10-30. Retrieved 2016-02-15.
  52. ↑ Mike Killam (7 December 2014). "TNA British Boot Camp Season 2 Contract *SPOILER*". Wrestlezone.
  53. ↑ Mike Killam (7 December 2014). "Mark Andrews Wins TNA British Boot Camp Season 2". Wrestlezone.
  54. ↑ Caldwell, James (2016-03-31). "First competitors set for Global Cruiserweight Series, including Zack Sabre, Jr. & NXT stars". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved 2016-03-31.
  55. ↑ "205 Live recap: A fitting final end to the Noam Dar-Cedric Alexander feud". ESPN.com. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
  56. ↑ "Scots wrestler Noam Dar on his ICW homecoming, whirlwind career and teaching WWE stars the word dafty" . Retrieved 8 February 2019.
  57. ↑ "WWE: המתאבק תומר שלום ערך קרב ב-RAW". sport1.maariv.co.il. 8 August 2017. Retrieved 2017-12-01.
  58. ↑ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine : Mustafa Ali vs. Noam Dar: WWE 205 Live, Feb. 21, 2017. YouTube .
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.