Religious affiliation in the United States Senate

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The religious affiliation in the United States Senate reflects the variety of religion in the United States, despite not being in line with the religious affiliation of the general population.

Contents

While the religious preference of elected officials is by no means an indication of their allegiance nor necessarily reflective of their voting record, the religious affiliation of prominent members of all three branches of government is a source of commentary and discussion among the media and public. The topic is also of interest to religious groups and the general public who may appeal to senators of their denomination on religious or moral issues facing the United States Senate.

This list reports the religious affiliation of the members of the United States Senate in the 119th United States Congress. In most cases, in addition to specific sources, the senators' religious affiliations are those mentioned by the Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life at the Pew Research Center, which publishes a report at the beginning of each Congress. [1] [2]

Christians (85)

Protestants (58)

Baptists (12)

SenatorPartyStateReligionNotes
Sen. Angela Alsobrooks official Senate photo, 119th Congress.jpg Angela Alsobrooks Democrat Maryland Baptist Denomination: Converge; member of First Baptist Church of Glenarden. [3]
Cory Booker, official portrait, 114th Congress.jpg Cory Booker Democrat New Jersey Baptist [4] Denomination: NBC; [5] raised as a Methodist. [6]
Senator John Boozman Official Portrait (115th Congress) (cropped).jpg John Boozman Republican Arkansas Baptist [7] [8] Denomination: SBC.
Ted Cruz official 116th portrait (cropped).jpg Ted Cruz Republican Texas Baptist [9] [10] Denomination: SBC.
U.S. Senator Lindsey Graham, Official Photo, 113th Congress (cropped).jpg Lindsey Graham Republican South Carolina Baptist [11] [12] Denomination: SBC.
Chuck Grassley official photo 2017.jpg Chuck Grassley Republican Iowa Baptist [13] [14] Denomination: BGC; attends a non-denominational church. [15]
Official headshot of US Senator Cindy Hyde-Smith (cropped).jpg Cindy Hyde-Smith Republican Mississippi Baptist [16] Denomination: SBC.
Jim Justice Rock Branch Elementary 2023.jpg Jim Justice Republican West Virginia BaptistDenomination: ABC. [17] [18] [19] Taking office on January 13, 2025. [20]
James Lankford official Senate photo (cropped).jpg James Lankford Republican Oklahoma Baptist [21] [22] Denomination: SBC; former student ministries and evangelism specialist for the BGCO.
Mitch McConnell 2016 official photo (cropped).jpg Mitch McConnell Republican Kentucky Baptist [23] [24] Denomination: SBC.
Raphael Warnock official photo (cropped).jpg Raphael Warnock Democrat Georgia BaptistFormer associated pastor of Abyssinian Baptist Church, affiliated to NBC;
senior pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church, affiliated to PNBC and ABC.
Roger F. Wicker crop.jpg Roger Wicker Republican Mississippi Baptist [25] [26] Denomination: SBC.

Presbyterians (12)

SenatorPartyStateReligionNotes
Sen. Jim Banks official Senate photo, 119th Congress (HR) (cropped).jpg Jim Banks Republican Indiana Presbyterian Denomination: EPC.
John Barrasso official portrait 112th Congress (cropped).jpg John Barrasso Republican Wyoming Presbyterian [27] [28] Denomination: PCUSA; former Catholic.
Sen. Marsha Blackburn (R-TN) official headshot - 116th Congress (cropped).jpg Marsha Blackburn Republican Tennessee Presbyterian [29] Denomination: PCA.
Shelley Moore Capito official Senate photo (cropped).jpg Shelley Moore Capito Republican West Virginia Presbyterian [30] Denomination: PCUSA.
Chris Coons, official portrait, 112th Congress (cropped).jpg Chris Coons Democratic Delaware Presbyterian [31] [32] Denomination: PCUSA; [33] [34] attends a Catholic church. [35]
Steve Daines, Official Portrait, 116th Congress (cropped).jpg Steve Daines Republican Montana Presbyterian [36] Denomination: EPC. [37] [38]
Deb Fischer, official portrait, 115th Congress (cropped).jpg Deb Fischer Republican Nebraska Presbyterian [39] [40]
Josh Hawley, official portrait, 116th congress (cropped).jpg Josh Hawley Republican Missouri Presbyterian [41] Denomination: EPC; [41] raised as a Methodist. [42]
Sen Andy Kim 118th Congress (cropped).jpg Andy Kim Democrat New Jersey Presbyterian [43]
Rand Paul, official portrait, 112th Congress alternate (cropped).jpg Rand Paul Republican Kentucky Presbyterian [44] [45] Denomination: PCUSA; [46] raised as an Episcopalian. [47] [48]
Tina Smith, official portrait, 116th congress (cropped).jpg Tina Smith Democrat Minnesota Presbyterian [2] Swore by an old Heilige Bibel, a family Bible. [49]
Mark Warner 113th Congress photo (cropped).jpg Mark Warner Democrat Virginia Presbyterian [50] [51]

Non-denominational Evangelicals (6)

SenatorPartyStateReligionNotes
Sen. Lisa Blunt Rochester official Senate photo, 119th Congress.jpg Lisa Blunt Rochester Democrat Delaware Non-denominational Evangelical
Senator Ted Budd official portrait (cropped 2).jpg Ted Budd Republican North Carolina Non-denominational Evangelical [52]
Bill Cassidy official Senate photo (cropped).jpg Bill Cassidy Republican Louisiana Non-denominational Evangelical [53]
Official Portrait of Senator Rick Scott (cropped).jpg Rick Scott Republican Florida Non-denominational Evangelical [54] Former Presbyterian. [54]
Tim Scott, official portrait, 113th Congress (cropped).jpg Tim Scott Republican South Carolina Non-denominational Evangelical [55] [56]
John Thune 117th Congress portrait (cropped).jpg John Thune Republican South Dakota Non-denominational Evangelical [57] [58]

Lutherans (6)

SenatorPartyStateReligionNotes
Joni Ernst, official portrait, 116th Congress 3 (cropped).jpg Joni Ernst Republican Iowa Lutheran [59] [60] [61] Denomination: ELCA.
Heinrich Official Headshot 2019 (cropped).jpg Martin Heinrich Democrat New Mexico Lutheran [59] [62] [63] Denomination: ELCA.
Ron Johnson portrait 117th Congress (cropped).jpg Ron Johnson Republican Wisconsin Lutheran [59] [64] [65] Denomination: WELS.
Cynthia Lummis U.S. Senator (cropped).jpg Cynthia Lummis Republican Wyoming Lutheran [59] [66] Denomination: LCMS.
Jeff Merkley, 115th official photo (cropped).jpg Jeff Merkley Democrat Oregon Lutheran [59] [67] [68] Denomination: ELCA.
Sen. Tim Sheehy official Senate photo, 119th Congress (HR) (cropped).jpg Tim Sheehy Republican Montana Lutheran [2]

Methodists (5)

SenatorPartyStateReligionNotes
Katie Britt (cropped).jpg Katie Britt Republican Alabama Methodist [69] Denomination: UMC. [69]
Tom Cotton official Senate photo (cropped).jpg Tom Cotton Republican Arkansas Methodist [70] Denomination: UMC. [71]
John Neely Kennedy, official portrait, 115th Congress 2.jpg John Kennedy Republican Louisiana Methodist [72] Denomination: UMC. [72]
Jerry Moran, official portrait, 112th Congress (cropped).jpg Jerry Moran Republican Kansas Methodist [73] [74] Attends a Presbyterian church. [75]
Elizabeth Warren--2016 Official Portrait--(cropped).jpg Elizabeth Warren Democrat Massachusetts Methodist [76] [77] Denomination: UMC; [78] attends various churches. [79]

Episcopalians (5)

SenatorPartyStateReligionNotes
Sen. Bill Hagerty official Senate portrait, 117th Congress (cropped).jpg Bill Hagerty Republican Tennessee Episcopalian [2]
Angus King, official portrait, 113th Congress (cropped).jpg Angus King Independent
(caucusing with Democrats)		 Maine Episcopalian [80] [81] [82]
Gary Peters official photo 115th congress (cropped).jpg Gary Peters Democrat Michigan Episcopalian [80] [83] [84]
Chris Van Hollen official portrait 115th Congress (cropped).jpg Chris Van Hollen Democrat Maryland Episcopalian [80] [85]
Sheldon Whitehouse, official portrait, 116th congress (cropped).jpg Sheldon Whitehouse Democrat Rhode Island Episcopalian [80] [86] [87]

Restorationists (3)

SenatorPartyStateReligionNotes
John Cornyn official senate portrait (cropped).jpg John Cornyn Republican Texas Restorationist [88] [89] Denomination: Churches of Christ.
Roger Marshall 117th Congress portrait (cropped).jpg Roger Marshall Republican Kansas RestorationistDenomination: Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). [90] [91]
Tommy Tuberville, official portrait, 118th Congress (cropped).jpg Tommy Tuberville Republican Alabama Restorationist [92] Denomination: Churches of Christ.

Congregationalists (2)

SenatorPartyStateReligionNotes
Maggie Hassan, official portrait, 115th Congress (cropped).jpg Maggie Hassan Democrat New Hampshire Congregationalist Denomination: UCC.
Amy Klobuchar, official portrait, 113th Congress (cropped closein3x4).jpg Amy Klobuchar Democrat Minnesota Congregationalist [93] [94] Denomination: UCC.

Pentecostals (2)

SenatorPartyStateReligionNotes
Kevin Cramer, official portrait, 116th congress (cropped).jpg Kevin Cramer Republican North Dakota PentecostalDenomination: ICFG; [95] former Lutheran.
Markwayne Mullin official Senate photo (cropped).jpg Markwayne Mullin Republican Oklahoma Pentecostal [96] Denomination: Assemblies of God. [97]

Quakers (1)

SenatorPartyStateReligionNotes
John Hickenlooper, official portrait, 117th Congress (cropped).jpeg John Hickenlooper Democrat Colorado Quaker [98] "Raised on the periphery of the Episcopal Church", [99]
but misidentified as an Episcopalian in the Pew Report. [2]

Unspecified Protestants (4)

SenatorPartyStateReligionNotes
McCormick Portrait (HR) (cropped).jpg Dave McCormick Republican Pennsylvania Protestant [2]
Chris Murphy, official portrait, 113th Congress (cropped).jpg Chris Murphy Democrat Connecticut Protestant [100] [101] Raised as a Congregationalist. [102]
Shaheen Senate Portrait (cropped).jpg Jeanne Shaheen Democrat New Hampshire Protestant [103] [104]
Sen. Todd Young official photo (cropped).jpg Todd Young Republican Indiana Protestant [2]

Catholics (24)

SenatorPartyStateReligionNotes
Maria Cantwell (cropped).jpg Maria Cantwell Democrat Washington Catholic [105] [106]
Senator Susan Collins 2022 official portrait (cropped).jpg Susan Collins Republican Maine Catholic [107] [108]
Catherine Cortez Masto portrait red (cropped).jpg Catherine Cortez Masto Democrat Nevada Catholic [109] [110] [111]
Dick Durbin 2022 official portrait (tight crop).jpg Dick Durbin Democrat Illinois Catholic [112] [113]
Sen. Ruben Gallego official Senate photo, 119th Congress.jpg Ruben Gallego Democrat Arizona Catholic [2]
Kirsten Gillibrand, official photo, 116th Congress (cropped).jpg Kirsten Gillibrand Democrat New York Catholic [114] [115]
Hoeven Official Portrait 2014 (cropped).JPG John Hoeven Republican North Dakota Catholic [116] [117]
Tim Kaine 116th official portrait (cropped).jpg Tim Kaine Democrat Virginia Catholic [118] [119]
Mark Kelly, Official Portrait 117th (cropped).jpg Mark Kelly Democrat Arizona Catholic [2] His wife, former Rep. Gabby Giffords, is Jewish.
Ben Ray Lujan, 117th Congress portrait 2 (cropped).jpg Ben Ray Luján Democrat New Mexico Catholic [2]
Edward Markey, official portrait, 114th Congress (cropped).jpg Ed Markey Democrat Massachusetts Catholic [120] [121]
Sen. Bernie Moreno official photo, 119th Congress (HR) (cropped).jpg Bernie Moreno Republican Ohio Catholic
Lisa Murkowski official photo (cropped).jpg Lisa Murkowski Republican Alaska Catholic [122] [123]
Patty Murray, official portrait, 113th Congress (cropped).jpg Patty Murray Democrat Washington Catholic [124] [125]
Alex Padilla 117th Congress portrait (cropped).jpg Alex Padilla Democrat California Catholic [126]
Senator Jack Reed official photo (cropped).jpg Jack Reed Democrat Rhode Island Catholic [127] [128]
Sen. Pete Ricketts official portrait, 118th Congress (cropped).jpg Pete Ricketts Republican Nebraska Catholic [129]
Jim Risch official portrait (cropped).jpg Jim Risch Republican Idaho Catholic [130] [131]
Mike Rounds official Senate portrait (cropped).jpg Mike Rounds Republican South Dakota Catholic [132] [133]
Senator Rubio official portrait (cropped).jpg Marco Rubio Republican Florida Catholic [134] [135] Former Latter-day Saint. [136]
Sen. Eric Schmitt, official portrait, 118th Congress (cropped 2).jpg Eric Schmitt Republican Missouri Catholic [137]
Senator Dan Sullivan official (cropped).jpg Dan Sullivan Republican Alaska Catholic [138]
Sen. Thom Tillis official photo (cropped).jpg Thom Tillis Republican North Carolina Catholic [139]
Peter Welch official Senate photo.jpg Peter Welch Democrat Vermont Catholic [140]

Latter-day Saints (3)

SenatorPartyStateReligionNotes
Mike Crapo 2019 (cropped).jpg Mike Crapo Republican Idaho Latter-day Saint [141] [142]
CurtisHeadShotOfficial.jpg John Curtis Republican Utah Latter-day Saint
Mike Lee, official portrait (cropped).jpg Mike Lee Republican Utah Latter-day Saint [143] [144]

Jews (9)

SenatorPartyStateReligionNotes
Richard Blumenthal Official Portrait (cropped).jpg Richard Blumenthal Democrat Connecticut Jewish [145] [146]
Jon Ossoff Senate Portrait 2021 (cropped).jpg Jon Ossoff Democrat Georgia Jewish [147]
Elissa Slotkin, official portrait, 116th Congress (cropped).jpg Elissa Slotkin Democrat Michigan Jewish
Bernie Sanders (cropped).jpg Bernie Sanders Independent
(caucusing with Democrats)		 Vermont Jewish [148] [149] Non-practicing.
Schiff Adam 119th Congress (cropped).jpg Adam Schiff Democrat California Jewish [150]
Jacky Rosen, official portrait, 116th congress (cropped-1).jpg Jacky Rosen Democrat Nevada Jewish [151] [152]
Brian Schatz, official portrait, 113th Congress 2 (cropped).jpg Brian Schatz Democrat Hawaii Jewish [153] [154]
Chuck Schumer official photo (cropped).jpg Chuck Schumer Democrat New York Jewish [155] [156]
Ron Wyden 117th Congress (cropped).jpeg Ron Wyden Democrat Oregon Jewish [157] [158]

Buddhists (1)

SenatorPartyStateReligionNotes
Mazie Hirono, official portrait, 113th Congress (cropped).jpg Mazie Hirono Democrat Hawaii Buddhist [159] [160] School: Jōdo Shinshū; non-practicing.

Unknown or refused to specify (4)

SenatorPartyStateReligionNotes
Tammy Baldwin, official portrait, 113th Congress (cropped).jpg Tammy Baldwin Democrat Wisconsin Unknown or refused to specify [2] [161] [162] Baptized as an Episcopalian. [163]
Michael Bennet Official Photo (cropped).jpg Michael Bennet Democrat Colorado Unknown or refused to specify [2] [164] [165] Raised in both Jewish and Christian traditions. [166]
Tammy Duckworth 115th official portrait (cropped).jpg Tammy Duckworth Democrat Illinois Unknown or refused to specify [2] Sometimes acknowledged as Deist. [167]
John Fetterman official portrait (3x4).jpg John Fetterman Democrat Pennsylvania Unknown or refused to specifySometimes acknowledged as Christian. [168]

Comparison with general population

In conjunction with figures derived from the Pew Research Center's 2021 "survey of the religious composition of the United States", [169] the most basic breakdown of the above data indicates that 84% of the Senate identify as Christian (compared with 62% of the population), 9% identify as Jewish (compared with 2% of the population), 4% have unknown religious affiliation, possibly no affiliation, or refused to specify it (compared with 31% of the population) and 1% identifies with other religions (compared with 5% of the population), and another 1% identifies as unaffiliated (compared with 29% of the population). The unaffiliated are extremely under-represented, while Jews, Presbyterians, Lutherans and Episcopalians are particularly over-represented.

The following table compares reported religious affiliations of senators to religious statistics of the demographics of the United States:

ReligionGroupNo. of sens % of sens % of population
Christians Catholics
24 / 100
Presbyterians
12 / 100
Baptists
12 / 100
Non-denominational Evangelicals
6 / 100
Lutherans
6 / 100
Methodists
5 / 100
Episcopalians
5 / 100
Restorationists
3 / 100
Pentecostals
2 / 100
Other Protestants
7 / 100
Latter-day Saints
3 / 100
Jews
9 / 100
Buddhists
1 / 100
Unknown, unaffiliated or refused to specify
4 / 100

See also

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