Rhinobatos

Rhinobatos Temporal range: 150–0  Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Tithonian to Present
Rhinobatos rhinobatos
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Chondrichthyes
Subclass:	Elasmobranchii
Order:	Rhinopristiformes
Family:	Rhinobatidae
Genus:	Rhinobatos H. F. Linck, 1790

Rhinobatos hakelensis fossil

Rhinobatos is a genus of fish in the Rhinobatidae family. ^[1] Although previously used to encompass all guitarfishes, it was found to be polyphyletic, ^[2] and recent authorities have transferred many species included in the genus to Acroteriobatus , Glaucostegus , and Pseudobatos . ^[3]

Species

The 20 currently recognized species in this genus are: ^{[2] [3]}

• Rhinobatos albomaculatus Norman, 1930 (White-spotted guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos annandalei Norman, 1926 (Annandale's guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos austini Ebert & Gon, 2017 (Austin’s guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos borneensis Last, Séret & Naylor, 2016 (Borneo guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos formosensis Norman, 1926 (Taiwan guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos holcorhynchus Norman, 1922 (Slender guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos hynnicephalus J. Richardson, 1846 (Ringstreaked guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos irvinei Norman, 1931 (Spineback guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos jimbaranensis Last, W. T. White & Fahmi, 2006 (Jimbaran shovelnose ray) ^[4]
• Rhinobatos lionotus Norman, 1926 (Smoothback guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos manai W. T. White, Last & Naylor, 2016 (Papuan guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos nudidorsalis Last, Compagno & Nakaya, 2004 (Bareback shovelnose ray) ^[5]
• Rhinobatos penggali Last, W. T. White & Fahmi, 2006 (Indonesian shovelnose ray) ^[4]
• Rhinobatos punctifer Compagno & J. E. Randall, 1987 (Spotted guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos ranongensis Last, Séret & Naylor, 2019 (Ranong guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos rhinobatos Linnaeus, 1758 (Common guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos sainsburyi Last, 2004 (Goldeneye shovelnose ray)
• Rhinobatos schlegelii J. P. Müller & Henle, 1841 (Brown guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos thouiniana (Shaw, 1804) (Shaw's shovelnose guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos whitei Last, Corrigan & Naylor, 2014 (Philippine guitarfish) ^[6]

Extinct species

Fossil of Rhinobatos whitfieldi

Fossil of Rhinobatos hakelensis

Species within this genus include: ^[7]

• †Rhinobatos bruxelliensis Jaekel 1894
• †Rhinobatos casieri Herman 1975
• †Rhinobatos grandis Davis 1887
• †Rhinobatos hakelensis Capetta 1980
• †Rhinobatos incertus Cappetta 1973
• †Rhinobatos intermedius Davis 1887
• †Rhinobatos latus Davis 1887
• †Rhinobatos maronita Pictet and Humbert 1866
• †Rhinobatos primarmatus Woodward 1889
• †Rhinobatos sahnii Sahni and Mehrotra 1981
• †Rhinobatos steurbauti Cappetta and Nolf 1981
• †Rhinobatos tenuirostris Davis 1887
• †Rhinobatos whitfieldi Hay 1903

†Rhinobatos beurleni Silva Santos 1968 moved into its own genus, Iansan . ^[8]

Fossil record

These fishes lived from the Tithonian age to Present (from 150 to 0 million years ago). Fossils have been found in Brazil, Europe, Africa, Jordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, India and United States.

Gallery

• 
  Rhinobatos hynnicephalus
• 
  Rhinobatos rhinobatos
• 
  Rhinobatos schlegelii

See also

• List of prehistoric cartilaginous fish genera

References

1. Wilga, C.D.; Motta, P.J. (1998). "Feeding mechanism of the Atlantic guitarfish Rhinobatos lentiginosus: Modulation of kinematic and motor activity" . Journal of Experimental Biology. 201 (23): 3167–3184. doi:10.1242/jeb.201.23.3167. PMID   9808831.
2. Naylor, G.J.P.; Caira, J.N.; Jensen, K.; Rosana, K.A.M.; Straube, N.; Lakner, C. (2012). "Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives". In Carrier, J.C.; Musick, J.A.; Heithaus, M.R. (eds.). Elasmobranch Phylogeny: A Mitochondrial Estimate Based on 595 Species (2 ed.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. pp. 31–56.
3. Peter Last; William White; Marcelo de Carvalho; Bernard Séret; Matthias Stehmann; Gavin Naylor, eds. (2016). Rays of the World. CSIRO. ISBN   9780643109148.
4. Last, P.R.; White, W.T.; Fahmi (2006). "Rhinobatos jimbaranensis and R. penggali, two new shovelnose rays (Batoidea: Rhinobatidae) from eastern Indonesia". Cybium. 30 (3): 261–271.
5. Last, P.R.; Compagno, L.J.V.; Nakaya, K. (2004). "Rhinobatos nudidorsalis, a new species of shovelnose ray (Batoidea: Rhinobatidae) from the Mascarene Ridge, central Indian Ocean". Ichthyological Research. 51 (2): 153–158. Bibcode:2004IchtR..51..153L. doi:10.1007/s10228-004-0211-0. S2CID   32090559.
6. Last, P.R.; Corrigan, S.; Naylor, G. (2014). "Rhinobatos whitei, a new shovelnose ray (Batoidea: Rhinobatidae) from the Philippine Archipelago". Zootaxa. 3872 (1): 31–47. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3872.1.3. PMID   25544069.
7. Paleobiology Database
8. Brito, Paulo; Leal, Maria (2013-07-18). "A NEW LOWER CRETACEOUS GUITARFISH (CHONDRICHTHYES, BATOIDEA) FROM THE SANTANA FORMATION, NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL". Boletim do Museu Nacional.