Rural Plains

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Rural Plains
Shelton House - Shenk.jpg
Rural Plains, November 2010
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Location6 mi. N of Mechanicsville off VA 606, near Mechanicsville, Virginia
Area125 acres (51 ha)
NRHP reference No. 75002021 [1]
VLR No.042-0029
Significant dates
Added to NRHPJune 5, 1975
Designated VLRMarch 18, 1975 [2]

Rural Plains, also informally known as Shelton House, is a historic farm house dating to the 1660s in Mechanicsville, Virginia, Hanover County; it is one of the sites included within the Richmond National Battlefield Park. [3] The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. [4]

Contents

History

John Shelton built Rural Plains in 1670. A subsequent John Shelton, the tavern keeper at Hanover Court House, was the father of Sarah Shelton, who married the statesman Patrick Henry in 1754. [5] Shelton family, as well as popular, lore state that this marriage took place in the house's first floor parlor, though evidence cannot confirm this claim. [6] Sarah's father gave Henry and her a wedding present of 300 acres of the Rural Plains property, which became known as Pine Slash. [5] Their original residence at Pine Slash was destroyed by a fire in 1757; they then moved into the overseer's house today. [7] This building, referred to as the "Honeymoon Cottage" still stands today a mile away from the Shelton House.

During the Battle of Totopotomoy Creek (the house stands 0.4 miles away from Totopotomoy Creek [5] ) on May 30, 1864, the house suffered severe damage from artillery fire. [8] Union signalmen climbed atop the house to convey messages to their troops. Confederate cannoneers tried to shoot them down, striking the building 51 times, but the signalmen survived. The scars of the damage remain today, but the Sheltons, who had sheltered in the basement during the battle, continued to reside in the house.

The house was continuously inhabited by nine generations of Sheltons until the property was transferred to become part of Richmond National Battlefield Park in 2006. [8] The Park owns 124 acres and manages the site in cooperation with the private Rural Plains Foundation, which was established in 2013. [9]

Architecture

It was initially popularly assumed that the house was built around the same time as the property was acquired, but various architectural features, including brickwork, window size and the original gambrel roof suggested a style which was not used in Virginia until several decades later. [5] The double-pile house is divided by a central passage and the front rooms are deeper than the back rooms. Each room contains a corner fireplace.

Many features which were in the house when first deeded to the National Park Service were not original. [5] Much of the woodwork has been replaced. The rear front porch was relatively recently built. Additional windows have been installed. The single largest change in the house came during a major remodeling since construction; the high quality Greek Revival trim, doors, and windows from this remodel suggest that this remodeling took place in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Since the property was obtained by Richmond National Battlefield Park, there have been continuous efforts to identify the original architectural features of the Shelton House and restore it to its original condition. [9]

See also

Related Research Articles

Hanover County, Virginia U.S. county in Virginia

Hanover County is a county in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 106,374. Its county seat is Hanover Courthouse.

Mechanicsville, Virginia Census-designated place in Virginia, United States

Mechanicsville is an unincorporated area and census-designated place (CDP) in Hanover County, Virginia, United States. The population was 36,348 during the 2010 census, up from 30,464 at the 2000 census.

Virginia State Route 156

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Battle of Totopotomoy Creek

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Scotchtown (plantation) United States historic place

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Immanuel Episcopal Church (Mechanicsville, Virginia) United States historic place

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Slash Church United States historic place

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Pine Slash United States historic place

Pine Slash, also known as Prospect Hill, is a historic home located at Studley, Hanover County, Virginia. The main house was built about 1750, and is a one-story dwelling of colonial vertical plank construction with a metal gable roof. In addition to the main house, the property includes a contributing second residence and a brick outbuilding, both dating from the early 19th century. Pine Slash is also significant as Patrick Henry's home in the 1750s.

Oakley Hill United States historic place

Oakley Hill is a historic plantation house located near Mechanicsville, Hanover County, Virginia. It was built about 1839 and expanded in the 1850s. It is a two-story, frame I-house dwelling in the Greek Revival style. On the rear of the house is a 1910 one-story ell. The house sits on a brick foundation, has a standing seam metal low gable roof, and interior end chimneys. The front facade features a one-story front porch with four Tuscan order columns and a Tuscan entablature. Also on the property are a contributing smokehouse and servants' house.

Old Pine Church 1838 church near Purgitsville, West Virginia, United States

Old Pine Church, also historically known as Mill Church, Nicholas Church, and Pine Church, is a mid-19th century church located near to Purgitsville, West Virginia, United States. It is among the earliest extant log churches in Hampshire County, along with Capon Chapel and Mount Bethel Church.

Polegreen Church United States historic place

The Polegreen Church, also known as the Hanover Meeting House, is the site of what may be the first non-Anglican church in Virginia. It was named after a 17th-century landowner, George Polegreen.

The Tavern at Old Church United States historic place

The Tavern at Old Church is a historic 19th-century tavern complex at 3350-3360 Old Church Road east of Mechanicsville, Virginia in the hamlet of Old Church. The property includes a Federal-era tavern building built in two stages, a wood-frame structure built about 1820, and an attached brick structure built by 1830. Also included on the property are a suite of period outbuildings, a particular rarity for surviving rural 19th-century taverns in Virginia.

References

  1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places . National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  2. "Virginia Landmarks Register". Virginia Department of Historic Resources. Retrieved 5 June 2013.
  3. "Ceremony Marking Transfer of Historic Rural Plains to the National Park Service - Richmond National Battlefield Park (U.S. National Park Service)". Nps.gov. Retrieved 2016-07-01.
  4. "Virginia Department of Historic Resources, Virginia Landmarks Register & National Register of Historic Places". www.dhr.virginia.gov. Retrieved 2016-11-16.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 National Park Service (1975). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form - Rural Plains" (PDF). Retrieved 2016-11-16.
  6. "Road to Revolution Heritage Trail --". roadtorevolution.com. Retrieved 2016-11-16.
  7. National Park Service (1987). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form - Pine Slash" (PDF). Retrieved 2016-11-16.
  8. 1 2 "The Battle of Totopotomoy Creek, May 29-31, 1864 - Richmond National Battlefield Park (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved 2016-11-16.
  9. 1 2 "Rural Plains Foundation - About | Facebook". www.facebook.com. Retrieved 2016-11-16.