Swimming at the Games of the XXXI Olympiad | |
---|---|
Venue | Olympic Aquatics Stadium (pool) Fort Copacabana (open water) |
Dates | 6–13 August 2016 15–16 August (Marathon) |
No. of events | 34 |
Competitors | 955 from 174 nations |
Swimming at the 2016 Summer Olympics | ||
---|---|---|
Qualification | ||
Freestyle | ||
50 m | men | women |
100 m | men | women |
200 m | men | women |
400 m | men | women |
800 m | women | |
1500 m | men | |
Backstroke | ||
100 m | men | women |
200 m | men | women |
Breaststroke | ||
100 m | men | women |
200 m | men | women |
Butterfly | ||
100 m | men | women |
200 m | men | women |
Individual medley | ||
200 m | men | women |
400 m | men | women |
Freestyle relay | ||
4 × 100 m | men | women |
4 × 200 m | men | women |
Medley relay | ||
4 × 100 m | men | women |
Marathon | ||
10 km | men | women |
The swimming competitions at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro took place from 6 to 13 August at the Olympic Aquatics Stadium. [1] The women's open-water marathon was held on August 15, and the men's open water race on August 16 in Fort Copacabana. [2]
The location for open-water events was a source of concern for athletes since scientists have found microbes in the waters off of Fort Copacabana and drug-resistant super bacteria off the beaches of Rio de Janeiro in 2014 and 2016 studies due to the daily dumping of hospital waste and household raw sewage into the rivers and ocean. Ten percent of the Copacabana water test samples contained drug-resistant super bacteria. [3] [4] However, during the races the water quality was good. [5] [6]
Similar to the program's format in 2012, swimming features a total of 34 events (17 each for men and women), including two 10 km open-water marathons. The following events were contested (all pool events are long course, and distances are in metres unless stated):
Similar to previous Olympics since 2000, with the exception of 2008, the swimming program schedule occurred in two segments. For the pool events, prelims are held in the afternoon, followed by the semifinals and final in the evening and the night session (due to the substantial fees NBC has paid for rights to the Olympics, the IOC has allowed NBC to have influence on event scheduling to maximize U.S. television ratings when possible; NBC agreed to a $7.75 billion contract extension on May 7, 2014, to air the Olympics through the 2032 games [7] and is also one of the major sources of revenue for the IOC). [8] [9] The dates in the table are for August.
H | Heats | ½ | Semi-finals | F | Final |
A = Afternoon session, starting at 13:00 local time (16:00 UTC).
N = Night session, starting at 22:00 local time (01:00 UTC the next day).
Date → | Aug 6 | Aug 7 | Aug 8 | Aug 9 | Aug 10 | Aug 11 | Aug 12 | Aug 13 | Aug 16 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Event ↓ | A | N | A | N | A | N | A | N | A | N | A | N | A | N | A | N | A | N |
50 m freestyle | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
100 m freestyle | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
200 m freestyle | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
400 m freestyle | H | F | ||||||||||||||||
1500 m freestyle | H | F | ||||||||||||||||
100 m backstroke | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
200 m backstroke | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
100 m breaststroke | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
200 m breaststroke | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
100 m butterfly | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
200 m butterfly | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
200 m individual medley | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
400 m individual medley | H | F | ||||||||||||||||
4 × 100 m freestyle relay | H | F | ||||||||||||||||
4 × 200 m freestyle relay | H | F | ||||||||||||||||
4 × 100 m medley relay | H | F | ||||||||||||||||
10 km open water | F |
Date → | Aug 6 | Aug 7 | Aug 8 | Aug 9 | Aug 10 | Aug 11 | Aug 12 | Aug 13 | Aug 15 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Event ↓ | A | N | A | N | A | N | A | N | A | N | A | N | A | N | A | N | A | N |
50 m freestyle | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
100 m freestyle | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
200 m freestyle | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
400 m freestyle | H | F | ||||||||||||||||
800 m freestyle | H | F | ||||||||||||||||
100 m backstroke | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
200 m backstroke | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
100 m breaststroke | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
200 m breaststroke | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
100 m butterfly | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
200 m butterfly | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
200 m individual medley | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||
400 m individual medley | H | F | ||||||||||||||||
4 × 100 m freestyle relay | H | F | ||||||||||||||||
4 × 200 m freestyle relay | H | F | ||||||||||||||||
4 × 100 m medley relay | H | F | ||||||||||||||||
10 km open water | F |
FINA By-Law BL 9.3.6.4 (swimming) and BL 9.3.7.5.3 (open water) laid out the qualification procedures for the "Swimming" competition at the Olympics. [11] Each country is allowed to enter up to two swimmers per individual event (provided they qualify), and one entry per relay; and a country may not have more than 26 males and 26 females (52 total) on its team.
On January 15, 2015, FINA posted the qualifying times for individual events for the 2016 Summer Olympics. [12] The time standards consisted of two types: an "Olympic Qualifying Time" (OQT) and an "Olympic Selection time" (OST). Each country was able to enter up to two swimmers per event, provided both swimmers met the (faster) qualifying time. A country was able to enter one swimmer per event that met the invitation standard. Any swimmer who met the "qualifying" time was entered in the event for the Games; a swimmer meeting the "invitation" standard was eligible for entry, and their entry was allotted/filled in by ranking. [12] [13]
If a country had had no swimmers who meet either qualifying standard, it may have entered one male and one female. A country that did not receive an allocation spot but had at least one swimmer who met a qualifying standard might have enter the swimmer with the highest ranking. [13]
Each relay event features 16 teams, composed of:
The men's and women's 10 km races at the 2016 Summer Olympics featured 25 swimmers: [14]
Brazil, as the host country, receives guaranteed quota place in case it would not qualify any qualification places.
* Host nation (Brazil)
Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | United States | 16 | 8 | 9 | 33 |
2 | Australia | 3 | 4 | 3 | 10 |
3 | Hungary | 3 | 2 | 2 | 7 |
4 | Japan | 2 | 2 | 3 | 7 |
5 | Netherlands | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
6 | Great Britain | 1 | 5 | 0 | 6 |
7 | China | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
8 | Canada | 1 | 1 | 4 | 6 |
9 | Italy | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
10 | Sweden | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
11 | Denmark | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
Spain | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
13 | Kazakhstan | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Singapore | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
15 | South Africa | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
16 | Russia | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
17 | France | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
18 | Belgium | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Greece | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
20 | Belarus | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Brazil* | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Totals (21 entries) | 35 | 35 | 34 | 104 |
a Swimmers who participated in the heats only and received medals.
b Swimmers who participated in the heats only and received medals.
Event | Established for | Date | Round | Name | Nationality | Time | Record | Day |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men's 100 metre breaststroke | (same) | 6 August | Heats | Adam Peaty | Great Britain | 57.55 | WR | 1 |
Men's 100 metre breaststroke | (same) | 7 August | Final | Adam Peaty | Great Britain | 57.13 | WR | 2 |
Men's 100 metre backstroke | (same) | 8 August | Final | Ryan Murphy | United States | 51.97 | OR | 3 |
Men's 200 metre breaststroke | (same) | 9 August | Semifinal | Ippei Watanabe | Japan | 2:07.22 | OR | 4 |
Men's 100 metre butterfly | (same) | 12 August | Final | Joseph Schooling | Singapore | 50.39 | OR | 7 |
Men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay | Men's 100 metre backstroke | 13 August | Final | Ryan Murphy | United States | 51.85 r | WR | 8 |
Men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay | (same) | 13 August | Final | Ryan Murphy (51.85) Cody Miller (59.03) Michael Phelps (50.33) Nathan Adrian (46.74) | United States | 3:27.95 | OR | 8 |
Legend: r – First leg of relay
The swimming competitions at the 2008 Summer Olympics took place from 9 to 17 August 2008 at the Beijing National Aquatics Centre. The newly introduced open water marathon events (10 km) were held on 20 and 21 August 2008 at Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park.
The swimming competitions at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London took place from 28 July to 4 August at the Aquatics Centre. The open-water competition took place from 9 to 10 August in Hyde Park.
For the swimming competitions at the 2012 Summer Olympics the following qualification systems were in place. The list has been updated to 20 August 2011. Qualification ends on 3 July 2012.
The men's marathon swim over a distance of 10 kilometres at the 2012 Olympic Games in London took place on 10 August in the Serpentine at Hyde Park.
The women's marathon swimming over a distance of 10 kilometres at the 2012 Olympic Games in London took place on 9 August in the Serpentine at Hyde Park in London, United Kingdom.
Allan Lopes Mamédio do Carmo is a Brazilian swimmer, who specialized in open water marathon. He is considered one of the fastest professional open water swimmers in the world, finishing near the top of FINA World Cup races for the 10 km marathon. He also won a bronze medal for his category at the 2007 Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro.
Ana Marcela Jesus Soares da Cunha is a Brazilian swimmer who specializes in the open water swimming marathon. She is considered one of the best open water swimmers in history, having obtained 17 medals in FINA World Aquatics Championships. She has also received FINA’s Female World Open Water Swimmer Of The Year award six times. Her countless achievements are comparable only to those of Larisa Ilchenko, another multi-medalist in World Championships.
Chad Ho is a South African open water swimmer, who specialises in 10 km and 5 km marathon swimming. Educated at Westville Boys' High School, he is considered one of the fastest professional open water swimmers in the world, having won the overall series title at the 2010 FINA World Cup and attended the Olympic Game's twice - 2008 and 2016. He is also currently a seven-time titleholder of the Midmar Mile.
Aurélie Muller is a French swimmer, who specializes in long-distance freestyle events and open water marathon. She won the 10-kilometer competition at the 2015 world championship in Kazan, Russia and at the 2017 world championship in Budapest, Hungary.
The swimming competitions at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo were due to take place from 25 July to 6 August 2020 at the Olympic Aquatics Centre. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the games were postponed to 2021. However, their official name remained 2020 Summer Olympics with swimming events set for 24 July–1 August 2021 and marathon swimming set for 4–5 August 2021.
Greece competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. Greek athletes have competed in every Summer Olympic Games of the modern era, alongside Australia, France, Great Britain, and Switzerland. As the progenitor nation of the Olympic Games and in keeping with tradition, Greece entered first at the Maracanã Stadium during the opening ceremony.
For the swimming competitions at the 2016 Summer Olympics, the following qualification systems were in place. Qualification ended on 3 July 2016.
The men's marathon swimming at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro took place on 16 August at Fort Copacabana, over a distance of 10 kilometres.
The women's marathon swimming over a distance of 10 kilometres at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro took place on 15 August at Fort Copacabana.
Jamaica competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, from August 5 to 21, 2016. This marked its sixteenth Summer Olympic appearance as an independent nation, although it had previously competed in four other editions as a British colony, and as part of the West Indies Federation.
Uganda competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. Since the nation's official debut in 1956, Ugandan athletes have appeared in every edition of the Summer Olympic Games, with the exception of the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal because of its partial support of the African boycott.
Great Britain competed at the 2015 World Aquatics Championships in Kazan, Russia between 24 July to 9 August 2015.
Jordan Matthew Wilimovsky is an American competitive swimmer who specializes in open water swimming. At the 2015 World Championships in Kazan, Russia, Wilimovsky won the gold medal in the 10 km open water event. Wilimovsky won by a margin of 12.1 seconds over the second-place finisher Ferry Weertman of the Netherlands. At the 2016 Summer Olympics, Wilimovsky competed in both pool swimming and open water swimming events, becoming the first American to swim in both types of events at one Olympic Games.
Bradlee Logan Taylor Ashby is a New Zealand swimmer who represented his country at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. He competed in the men's 200-meter individual medley and 200-meter butterfly.
For the swimming competitions at the 2020 Summer Olympics, the following qualification systems are in place. As the Olympics was postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, qualification ends on 27 June 2021.
The first of the two new studies [...] showed the presence of the microbes at five of Rio's showcase beaches, including the ocean-front Copacabana, where open-water and triathlon swimming will take place.
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