Tesla Model Y | |
---|---|
Overview | |
Manufacturer | Tesla, Inc. |
Production | January 2020 – present |
Assembly |
|
Designer | Franz von Holzhausen |
Body and chassis | |
Class | Mid-size crossover SUV (D) |
Body style | 5-door SUV |
Layout | |
Related | Tesla Model 3 |
Powertrain | |
Electric motor | Permanent magnet synchronous reluctance [ citation needed ] |
Battery | 67.6–81 kWh lithium-ion |
Electric range | 260–310 mi (418–499 km) (EPA) |
Plug-in charging | |
Dimensions | |
Wheelbase | 113.8 in (2,891 mm) |
Length | 187 in (4,751 mm) [2] |
Width | 75.6 in (1,920 mm) |
Height | 63.9 in (1,624 mm) [2] |
Curb weight | 4,154–4,404 lb (1,884–1,998 kg) [3] [4] |
The Tesla Model Y is a battery electric mid-size crossover SUV produced by Tesla, Inc. since 2020. The vehicle was presented in March 2019 as the company's fifth production model since its inception after the Roadster, Model S, Model X and Model 3.
After its 2019 introduction, the Model Y started production at the Fremont Factory in California, US in January 2020. [5] Production at Giga Shanghai, China was added in December 2020, and at Giga Texas, US since late 2021. [1] [6] Deliveries from Giga Berlin, Germany started in March 2022. [7]
The Model Y is based on the Model 3 sedan, with around 76 percent of parts being shared between the two. [8] [9] While most Model Y are configured with two-row seating, in the US the Model Y offers optional third-row seats for a seven-passenger seating capacity. [10] [11]
In 2023, Tesla delivered 1.2 million Model Ys, making it the world's best-selling vehicle that year, surpassing Toyota Corolla and becoming the first electric vehicle to claim that title. [12] With at least 2.16 million units delivered since its start of production up to December 2023, the Model Y is also the most popular electric vehicle of all time. [13]
In 2013, Tesla Motors filed to trademark the name "Model Y". [14] Later in 2015, Elon Musk teased a Model 3-based Model Y with falcon-wing doors. [15] In 2017, the Model Y's silhouette was teased to Tesla shareholders at the annual general meeting in June. [16] Elon Musk also announced that the Model Y would be produced in a new factory, as it was not likely that the Fremont plant would have room to accommodate another production line. [17]
In June 2018, a new silhouette was revealed by CEO Musk. With the new image, it was stated that the Model Y would be formally announced in March 2019. [18] Many were excited. The Model Y announcement had been planned for 2018; however, production problems with the Model 3 resulted in it being pushed to 2019. [19] In October 2018, Elon Musk revealed that he has approved the finalized design for the first production version of the Model Y, however production would not start until 2020. [20] On March 3, 2019, Elon Musk published multiple tweets, announcing the unveiling event and confirming some specifications. [21] Musk confirmed the vehicle would use standard doors, as opposed to the falcon-wing doors used on the Model X. [22]
Year | Model 3/Y vehicles delivered |
---|---|
2020 [23] | 442,511 |
2021 [24] | 911,208 |
2022 [25] | 1,247,146 |
2023 [26] | 1,739,707 |
Tesla originally announced plans at the unveil to assemble the Model Y at Giga Nevada (in Sparks, Nevada), along with the battery and drivetrain for the vehicles, unlike the Model 3, where drivetrains and batteries are assembled at Giga Nevada, with final assembly completed at the Tesla Factory in Fremont, California. Two months later, in May 2019, Tesla said that they instead planned to shuffle production lines at the Tesla Fremont Factory to make space for Model Y production. [27] [28]
On January 29, 2020, Tesla reported in its Q4 2019 earnings report that Model Y production had already started in the Fremont factory, that one can now place an order for their premium versions with all-wheel drive, and that delivery of Model Y would begin in Q1 2020. [29]
In November 2019, Tesla announced that the Tesla Model Y would be the first vehicle to be assembled at the first European Gigafactory, Giga Berlin. [30] [31] Tesla started deliveries of the Berlin-made Model Y since March 2022, mainly for European markets. [7]
United States deliveries started in March 2020 for the Long Range AWD version and the Performance version. Later in 2020, Tesla began shipping cars to the Canadian and Mexican markets.
Initial production of the made-in-China Model Y began in mid-December 2020 with 250,000 Model Y expected to be produced in 2021 in China alone. [6] [32] In November 2020, Tesla signed an agreement with LG Chem to supply battery cells for Model Y production in China. [33]
On October 7, 2020, Musk tweeted that Giga Berlin Model Y would get single-piece rear and front frame cast, structural battery pack, and new 4680 cells. [34] [35]
On July 25, 2021, CEO Elon Musk revealed that Tesla was planning to release an updated design for the Model Y by the end of 2021. In addition, Tesla planned to implement their new structural battery pack to improve range. These new cars would be manufactured by the two new Tesla production facilities in Austin, Texas and Berlin, Germany. If Tesla was not able to roll out the new 4680 battery cells by the end of 2021, they would use the standard battery cells until the 4680's are ready. [36]
Vehicles manufactured from May 2021 lack lumbar support on passenger seats. [37] [38]
Vehicles manufactured from April 2021 no longer include radar for adaptive cruise control. [39]
In early 2023, Tesla removed the ultrasonic parking sensors. Automated parking features relying only on the camera were shown to be unreliable. [40]
The Model Y is Tesla's first vehicle to use a heat pump instead of electric resistance for interior cabin heating. [41] [42] Electric cars using electric resistance heating can lose 40% or more of their range in ambient temperatures below 20 °F (−7 °C). [43] [44] The heat pump can be up to 300% more efficient than electric resistance heating. [45]
Some electric vehicles from other manufacturers, including the Nissan Leaf, Renault Zoe, BMW i3, Jaguar I-Pace, Audi e-tron, and Kia Niro, had already implemented heat pumps. [46] Tesla's heat pump has been praised for using far fewer parts. [47]
Tesla's heat pump system includes unique features including the "Super Manifold" and the "Octovalve". Inside the Super Manifold two systems meet: one for water-glycol coolant (used for managing the temperature of the battery, computers and powertrain) and the other for R1234YF refrigerant (used for cabin temperature control). The two systems share a liquid cooled condenser and a chiller. The Octovalve has eight ports that move the coolant around the different systems of the vehicle. [48] [49] [50] The system allows the vehicle to remove waste heat from the vehicle's systems and use it to warm the cabin.
Musk has said that the new heat pump system is one of the two most significant changes in the Model Y over the Model 3 (which included it too in 2021), [51] the other being the new single-piece castings. [52]
Vehicles produced since May 2021 lack radar for adaptive cruise control. [53] In February 2022, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration opened an investigation over phantom braking in these new vehicles. [54] [ needs update ]
Software update 2022.20.9 transitioned radar equipped Model Ys (and Model 3s) to Tesla Vision. Steering assist is limited to 85 mph (137 km/h), down from 90 mph (140 km/h) on vehicles with radar and minimum following distance has been increased to two car lengths from one.[ original research? ]
In August 2020, it was reported that the Tesla Factory in Fremont would soon activate the world's largest unibody casting machine for Model Y production, switching to casting the rear body in a single piece. [55] Elon Musk told an interviewer that the Berlin-made Model Y is "not just a copy of the Model Y. It's actually a radical redesign of the core technology of building a car." [56] With this new design and production method, rear and front portions of the frame will be a single-cast design. Injecting molten aluminum into a cast and having robots pull out the molded metal allowed Tesla to combine several manufacturing steps. [57] This manufacturing process is expected to result in significant cost savings, reducing a complex structural frame of dozens of parts, requiring many hours of welding to be reduced to just 1 part. Other savings include lower tool investments, reduced production time, lower number of robots, and a smaller production area. [58]
In August 2020, Tesla started assembling the world's biggest casting machine for this purpose, which the company called the Giga Press. The machine was supplied by Italian company Idra. [59] [60]
Production of the Model Y with single-piece rear casting was reported to have started in late December 2020. The new process unified 70 different metal parts into two large parts. [61]
During its introduction, there were four planned powertrain configurations for the Model Y in the U.S., which are Standard Range Rear-Wheel Drive (RWD), Long Range RWD, Long Range with Dual Motor All-Wheel Drive (AWD), and Performance (with Dual Motor All-Wheel Drive). [62] [63] However, the Long Range RWD model was never produced. As of October 2023 [update] , the Standard Range RWD, Long Range AWD and the Performance models are currently being offered for sale.[ citation needed ]
Timeline of Tesla Model Y in the U.S. [64] [ better source needed ] |
---|
The Standard Range RWD configuration was initially canceled in July 2020 after being listed as to be announced in "spring 2021", due to the range (230 mi or 370 km) being unacceptably low to CEO Elon Musk. [65] On January 7, 2021, Tesla once again released the Standard Range RWD configuration, alongside the seven-seat option for the Model Y. The Standard Range RWD features 244 miles (393 km) of EPA-estimated range. [66] [67] Tesla stopped taking orders for the variant in February 2021, making it the shortest-lived configuration offered for the Model Y. [68]
After reports emerged in February 2021, [69] on December 6, 2021, Tesla formally notified customers who had pre-ordered the Long Range RWD that their chosen configuration is no longer available in the U.S. According to reports, this configuration was never delivered in the U.S. [70]
On April 9, 2022, Tesla began building the Standard Range AWD configuration. Manufactured at Gigafactory Texas, it was equipped with the new 4680 battery cells and structural battery pack technology rated at 279 miles (449 km) of EPA range. [71] [72] At first, this configuration was only available for employees, invited reservation holders, and customers residing in the Texas area. [73] [74] Around April 7, 2023, Tesla made the configuration for sale to the general public. [75] [76] On September 14, Tesla stopped taking orders for the Standard Range AWD. [77]
On January 12, 2023, Tesla announced a significant price reduction for the Model Y and Model 3. This reduction made the Model Y Long Range eligible for the federal tax credit of $7,500 under the Inflation Reduction Act, which is applicable only for cars that are priced below $55,000. [78]
Tesla reintroduced the Standard Range RWD model to the US market in October 2023. [79]
In April 2023, Tesla began producing made-in-China Model Y to be sold in Canada. [80]
Orders for the Model Y in Australia opened on June 10, 2022, with initial configurations offered were RWD and Performance AWD and imported from Gigafactory Shanghai. Deliveries commenced in August 2022. [81] The Long Range AWD configuration was released on April 4, 2023. [82]
On June 5, 2020, Tesla launched the Model Y Online design studio for the Chinese market, allowing customers in China to place orders for the upcoming made-in-China Model Y. [83] First delivery of the model was made on January 18, 2021. [84]
On January 1, 2021, Tesla started selling the Model Y in China, and it sold out its planned production (an unknown quantity) for Q1 2021 within 6 days. [85]
Canceled/Discontinued | Current | Current, non-US model | Current, US only model |
Battery | Standard Range | Long Range | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Powertrain | RWD | RWD | AWD | RWD [69] | AWD | Performance |
Battery | Prismatic LFP | 2170-type software capped [86] | 4680-type | 2170-type | 2170-type | 2170-type |
Battery Capacity | 60 kWh | 67.6 kWh [87] | 81 kWh [87] | 81 kWh [87] | ||
Range (EPA) | 244 mi (393 km) [88] | 260 mi (418 km) | 279 mi (449 km) [89] | 300 mi (483 km) [90] | 330 mi (531 km) [91] | 303 mi (488 km) [92] |
Range (WLTP) | 282 mi (455 km) [93] [2] [94] 267 mi (430 km) [2] [95] | 336 mi (541 km) [90] | 331 mi (533 km) [96] | 319 mi (514 km) [2] | ||
Acceleration 0–60 mph (0–97 km/h) | 6.9 sec. [96] | 6.6 sec. | 5.0 sec. [96] | 5.5 sec. [90] | 4.8 sec. [96] | 3.5 sec. [96] |
Top speed | 135 mph (217 km/h) [97] | 135 mph (217 km/h) [97] | 135 mph (217 km/h) [96] | 130 mph (209 km/h) | 135 mph (217 km/h) [96] | 155 mph (249 km/h) [96] |
Power (peak) | 295 hp (220 kW) | 384 hp (286 kW) [98] [99] | 456 hp (340 kW) [98] [99] | |||
Torque (peak) | 310 lb⋅ft (420 N⋅m) | 376 lb⋅ft (510 N⋅m) [98] [99] | 497 lb⋅ft (674 N⋅m) [98] [99] | |||
Consumption | 15.7 kWh / 100 km | 13.8 kWh / 100 km [100] | 15.8 kWh / 100 km [101] | |||
Drag coefficient | 0.23 [102] | |||||
Cargo space | 76.2 cubic feet (2,158 L) maximum volume with rear seats down and including front trunk (frunk) [103] | |||||
Curb weight | 4,209 lb (1,909 kg) [2] | 4,154 lb (1,884 kg) | 4,363 lb (1,979 kg) | 4,416 lb (2,003 kg) |
NHTSA (US) [104] | IIHS (US) [105] | EURONCAP (2022) (EU) [106] | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | Small overlap front, driver side | Good | Overall | ||
Frontal, driver | Small overlap front, passenger side | Good | Adult Occupant | 97% | |
Frontal, passenger | Moderate overlap front | Good | Child Occupant | 87% | |
Side, driver | Side (original test) | Good | Vulnerable Road Users | 82% | |
Side, rear passenger | Roof strength | Good | Safety Assist | 98% | |
Side pole | Head restraints & seats | Good | |||
Rollover | / 9.70% | Headlights (varies by trim/option) |
| ||
Front crash prevention, vehicle-to-vehicle | Superior | ||||
Front crash prevention, vehicle-to-pedestrian | Superior | ||||
LATCH ease of use | Acceptable |
This section needs expansionwith: other critics from different backgrounds and countries. You can help by adding to it. (February 2024) |
The Model Y has been generally very well received. Critics laud the car's appearance, quick acceleration, spacious interior and range. However, they criticized the vehicle's clumsy handling and stiff ride. [107] According to Top Gear, the Model Y is a "great car to live with". [108] The Model Y was also touted as the leader in its class, [109] but reviewers note that competition is rising with numerous alternatives hitting the market from other manufacturers. [110]
In March 2024, Consumer Reports named the 2024 Model Y to its "Best Cars of the Year: 10 Top Picks of 2024" list, the only electric car to make the list. [111]
This section needs expansionwith: other awards. You can help by adding to it. (February 2024) |
In 2023, the Tesla Model Y gained the 'Autovista Group Residual Value Award' in category of 'Compact and Large Battery-Electric Vehicle (BEV) SUV'. [112] The Model Y also won the 'Best Company Car' award at the 2024 Carbuyer Best Car Awards. [113]
Year | U.S. (estimate) | China | Europe | Turkey | Australia | New Zealand | Thailand | Taiwan | Worldwide total | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
U.K. | Germany | Sweden | Norway | Overall | |||||||||
2021 | 172,700 [114] | 129,353 [115] | 410,517 [116] | ||||||||||
2022 | 231,400 [117] | 315,314 [118] | 35,551 [119] | 6,550 [120] | 17,356 [121] | 137,608 [122] | 8,717 [123] | 4,226 [124] | 228 [125] | 759,579 [126] | |||
2023 | 385,900 [127] | 456,394 [128] | 35,899 [129] | 45,618 [130] | 16,416 [131] | 23,085 [132] | 254,822 [122] | 12,150 [133] | 28,769 [134] | 3,936 [135] | 5,881 [136] | 9,697 [137] | 1,211,601 [138] |
Tesla, Inc. is an American multinational automotive and clean energy company headquartered in Austin, Texas, which designs, manufactures and sells electric vehicles, stationary battery energy storage devices from home to grid-scale, solar panels and solar shingles, and related products and services.
The Tesla Model X is a battery electric mid-size luxury crossover SUV built by Tesla, Inc. since 2015. Developed from the full-sized sedan platform of the Tesla Model S, the vehicle notably uses falcon wing doors for passenger access.
The Tesla Fremont Factory is an automobile manufacturing plant in Fremont, California, United States, operated by Tesla, Inc. The factory originally opened as General Motors' Fremont Assembly in 1962, and then was operated by New United Motor Manufacturing, Inc. (NUMMI), a joint venture of GM and Toyota from 1984. The joint venture ended when GM entered bankruptcy in 2009. In 2010, Toyota agreed to sell the plant to Tesla at a significant discount. The plant is the only production site for the Model S and Model X and also produces the Model 3, and Model Y.
Tesla Supercharger is an electric vehicle DC fast-charging network built by American vehicle manufacturer Tesla, Inc.
Gigafactory Nevada is a lithium-ion battery and electric vehicle component factory in Storey County, Nevada, United States. The facility, located east of Reno, is owned and operated by Tesla, Inc. The factory supplies battery packs and drivetrain components for the company's electric vehicles, produces the Tesla Powerwall home energy storage device, and assembles the Tesla Semi. It is the largest and the first Tesla Gigafactory in the world. If fully built out, the building will have the largest footprint in the world.
The Tesla Model 3 is a battery electric mid-size sedan with a fastback body style built by Tesla, Inc., introduced in 2017. It is marketed as being more affordable to more people than previous models made by Tesla. The Model 3 was the world's top selling plug-in electric car for three years, from 2018 to 2020, before the Tesla Model Y, a crossover SUV based on the Model 3 chassis, took the top spot. In June 2021, the Model 3 became the first electric car to pass global sales of 1 million.
Tesla Energy Operations, Inc. is the clean energy division of Tesla, Inc. that develops, manufactures, sells and installs photovoltaic solar energy generation systems, battery energy storage products and other related products and services to residential, commercial and industrial customers.
The Porsche Taycan is a battery electric luxury sports sedan and shooting brake car produced by German automobile manufacturer Porsche. The concept version of the Taycan, named the Porsche Mission E, debuted at the 2015 Frankfurt Motor Show; the production Taycan was revealed at the 2019 Frankfurt Motor Show. As Porsche's first series production electric car, it is sold in several variants at different performance levels, and may spawn further derivatives in future models. More than 20,000 Taycans were delivered in 2020, its debut sale year, representing 7.4% of the total Porsche volume. A modified Taycan Turbo S is the current Formula E Safety car.
Tesla Autopilot is an advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS) developed by Tesla that amounts to partial vehicle automation. Tesla provides "Base Autopilot" on all vehicles, which includes lane centering and traffic-aware cruise control. Owners may purchase an upgrade to "Enhanced Autopilot" (EA) which adds semi-autonomous navigation on limited access roadways, self-parking, and the ability to summon the car from a garage or parking spot. The company claims the features reduce accidents caused by driver negligence and fatigue from long-term driving. Collisions and deaths involving Tesla cars with Autopilot engaged have drawn the attention of the press and government agencies.
Tesla, Inc., an electric vehicle manufacturer and clean energy company founded in San Carlos, California in 2003 by American entrepreneurs Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning. The company is named after Serbian-American inventor Nikola Tesla. Tesla is the world's leading electric vehicle manufacturer, and, as of the end of 2021, Tesla's cumulative global vehicle sales totaled 2.3 million units.
Gigafactory Berlin-Brandenburg is a manufacturing plant for Tesla, Inc. in the municipality of Grünheide (Mark) in the Brandenburg state of Germany. The campus is located 35 kilometres (20 mi) south-east of central Berlin and some 8 kilometres (5 mi) southeast of the Berlin state boundary at Erkner and Rahnsdorf. Proximity to Berlin Brandenburg Airport was explicitly cited as a factor in choosing the site. It is Tesla's first manufacturing location in Europe.
The Tesla Roadster is an upcoming battery electric four-seater sports car to be built by Tesla, Inc. The company has said that it will be capable of accelerating from 0 to 60 mph in 1.9 seconds. The Roadster is the successor to Tesla's first production car, the 2008 Roadster.
Gigafactory Shanghai is an automobile manufacturing plant in Shanghai, China, operated by Tesla, Inc. Construction of the plant began in January 2019, initial production started in October, and the first production vehicles rolled out of the factory in December 2019, less than one year after groundbreaking. The main plant currently manufactures the Model 3 and Model Y. As of July 2023, Tesla says the factory has the capacity to build over 750,000 vehicles per year and is the primary production site for Tesla vehicles exported to regions without a Gigafactory.
The Tesla Cybertruck is a battery electric medium duty full-size pickup truck built by Tesla, Inc. since 2023. Introduced as a concept vehicle in November 2019, it features a triangular body design with flat sheet metal panels made of stainless steel.
The Giga Press program is a series of aluminium die casting machines manufactured for Tesla, initially by Idra Group in Italy. Idra presses were the largest high-pressure die casting machines in production as of 2020, with a clamping force of 55,000 to 61,000 kilonewtons. Each machine weighs 410–430 tonnes (900,000–950,000 lb).
Gigafactory Texas is an automotive manufacturing facility in Austin, Texas built by Tesla, Inc. Construction began in July 2020, limited production of Model Y began before the end of 2021, and initial deliveries of vehicles built at the factory took place at an opening party called “Cyber Rodeo” on April 7, 2022.
Tesla, Inc. has been criticized for its cars, workplace culture, business practices, and occupational safety. Many of the criticisms are also directed toward Elon Musk, the company's CEO and Product Architect. Critics have also accused Tesla of deceptive marketing, unfulfilled promises, and fraud. The company is currently facing criminal and civil investigations into its self-driving claims. Critics have highlighted Tesla's downplaying of issues, and Tesla's alleged retaliation against several whistleblowers.
The Tesla next-generation vehicle is an electric car platform under development by Tesla. The next-generation vehicle will be the third mainstream platform for the company, and it is expected that production volumes will greatly surpass those of the Model 3/Y platform. Although the vehicle has not been given an official name, the moniker Model 2 has been used to refer to the vehicle in the media. The car will be manufactured at Gigafactory Texas, Gigafactory Berlin-Brandenburg, and the planned Gigafactory Mexico.
the Model Y is notably larger than the Model 3 and has a larger frontal surface area as a result. Combined with its 8–10% heavier build, that will result in a lower efficiency than the 3
And unlike earlier this year, you can now order a standard range Model Y, which costs $49,990 before any options.