Thallium(I) bromide

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Thallium(I) bromide
Thallium(I) bromide CsCl polyhedra.png
Thallium(I) bromide
Names
Other names
Thallium monobromide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.239 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
EC Number
  • 232-163-0
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/BrH.Tl/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 Yes check.svgY
    Key: PGAPATLGJSQQBU-UHFFFAOYSA-M Yes check.svgY
  • InChI=1/BrH.Tl/h1H;/q;+1/p-1
    Key: PGAPATLGJSQQBU-REWHXWOFAZ
  • Br[Tl]
Properties
TlBr
Molar mass 284.287 g/mol [1]
Appearanceyellow crystalline solid [1]
Density 7.5 g/cm3 [1]
Melting point 460 °C (860 °F; 733 K) [1]
Boiling point 819 °C (1,506 °F; 1,092 K) [1]
0.59 g/mL (25 °C) [1] [2]
3.71×10−6 [3]
−63.9·10−6 cm3/mol [4]
2.418 (0.59 μm)
2.350 (0.75 μm)
2.289 (1 μm)
1.984 (5 μm)
2.322 (20 μm) [5]
Structure
CsCl, cP2
Pm3m, No. 221 [6]
1
Cubic (Tl+)
Cubic (Br−)
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS-pictogram-skull.svg GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg GHS-pictogram-pollu.svg
Danger
H300, H330, H373, H411
P260, P264, P270, P271, P273, P284, P301+P310, P304+P340, P310, P314, P320, P321, P330, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501
Related compounds
Other anions
Thallium(I) fluoride,
Thallium(I) chloride,
Thallium(I) iodide
Other cations
Indium(I) bromide,
Lead(II) bromide
Bismuth bromide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Thallium(I) bromide is a chemical compound of thallium and bromine with a chemical formula TlBr. This salt is used in room-temperature detectors of X-rays, gamma-rays and blue light, as well as in near-infrared optics.

It is a semiconductor with a band gap of 2.68 eV. [7]

The crystalline structure is of cubic CsCl type at room temperature, but it lowers to the orthorhombic thallium iodide type upon cooling, the transition temperature being likely affected by the impurities. [8] Nanometer-thin TlBr films grown on LiF, NaCl or KBr substrates exhibit a rocksalt structure. [6]

Like all soluble thallium salts, thallium bromide is extremely toxic and a cumulative poison which can be absorbed through the skin. Acute and chronic effects of ingesting thallium compounds include fatigue, limb pain, peripheral neuritis, joint pain, loss of hair, diarrhea, vomiting, vision loss, and damage to central nervous system, liver and kidneys. [9]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Haynes, p. 4.94
  2. ↑ Sheppard, John C.; Jensen, Reilly C. (1963). "A radiochemistry experiment: The solubility of thallium(I) bromide" . Journal of Chemical Education. 40 (1): 34. Bibcode:1963JChEd..40...34S. doi:10.1021/ed040p34.
  3. ↑ John Rumble (June 18, 2018). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (99 ed.). CRC Press. pp. 5–189. ISBN   978-1138561632.
  4. ↑ Haynes, p. 4.135
  5. ↑ Haynes, p. 10.242
  6. 1 2 Schulz, L. G. (1951). "Polymorphism of cesium and thallium halides". Acta Crystallographica. 4 (6): 487–489. Bibcode:1951AcCry...4..487S. doi:10.1107/S0365110X51001641.
  7. ↑ Temperature Dependence of Spectroscopic Performance of Thallium Bromide X- and Gamma-Ray Detectors
  8. ↑ Blackman, M; Khan, I H (1961). "The Polymorphism of Thallium and Other Halides at Low Temperatures". Proceedings of the Physical Society. 77 (2): 471. Bibcode:1961PPS....77..471B. doi:10.1088/0370-1328/77/2/331.
  9. ↑ Thallium Bromide Material safety data sheet Archived 2007-10-30 at the Wayback Machine . espimetals.com

Cited sources

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