Tornado outbreak of February 13, 1952

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32°59′N94°00′W / 32.98°N 94.00°W / 32.98; -94.00 (Rodessa (February 13, F0))
Tornado outbreak of February 13, 1952
10:00–?1 mi (1.6 km)‡133 yd (122 m)‡$25,000
This tornado may have started in McLeod, Texas. A barn was shifted off its foundation, a garage lost a wall, and a trio of oil rigs were toppled. Lightning from the storm also burned down a home. [17] [18] [19]
F3†N of Buckeye† Mississippi Arkansas 35°57′N90°09′W / 35.95°N 90.15°W / 35.95; -90.15 (Buckeye (February 13, F2)) 22:53–?†0.3 mi (0.48 km)‡33 yd (30 m)‡Un­known
This short-lived, intense tornado obliterated a five-room home, debris of which was found 3 mi (4.8 km) away. The tornado also unroofed a home nearby and wrecked many outbuildings. All five injuries, two of which were serious, came from one family, but no damage estimate was given. The funnel cloud from this storm was seen in Manila and passed east-northeast of Leachville. [20] [21] [19]
F2S of Camden Benton Tennessee 36°00′N88°07′W / 36.00°N 88.12°W / 36.00; -88.12 (Camden (February 13, F2)) 23:00–?†1 mi (1.6 km)†300 yd (270 m)$20,000†
This small-but-strong tornado damaged or destroyed nine homes and half a dozen other structures, affecting a total of nine families. [20] [22] [23]
F2NW of Holland to Denton to E of Braggadocio Pemiscot Missouri 36°04′N89°56′W / 36.07°N 89.93°W / 36.07; -89.93 (Holland (February 13, F2)) 23:10–?6 mi (9.7 km)†100 yd (91 m)$3,000※
This tornado wrecked a few spacious barns and a small home while damaging several other barns and houses west of Steele. The funnel reportedly touched down a few times, producing intermittent damage. Large, 1-inch-diameter (2.5 cm) hail accompanying the storm caused additional damage. [20] [24] [19]
F0NNE of House※ Neshoba Mississippi 32°46′N89°06′W / 32.77°N 89.10°W / 32.77; -89.10 (Philadelphia (February 13, F0)) 01:30–?0.1 mi (0.16 km)‡33 yd (30 m)‡$15,000※
A brief tornado formed southeast of Philadelphia, mangling a windmill. Windows and vehicles nearby were smashed or otherwise damaged by hail. Lightning damaged radio towers as well. Oats and gardens were also damaged. [17] [25] [19]
F2†Between Linton and Newsom Davidson Tennessee 36°03′N87°02′W / 36.05°N 87.03°W / 36.05; -87.03 (Newsom (February 13, F1)) 01:45–?1 mi (1.6 km)†200 yd (180 m)$15,000※
A "'baby twister'" traversing a narrow valley struck the Poplar Farm, severely damaging a corn crib, a pair of farmhouses, and a shed laden with agricultural implements. [20] [26] [19]
F3 New Lexington to S of Berry† Fayette, Tuscaloosa Alabama 33°34′N87°40′W / 33.57°N 87.67°W / 33.57; -87.67 (New Lexington (February 13, F3)) 02:30–?†5 mi (8.0 km)†100 yd (91 m)$17,500※
1 death – A destructive tornado moved northeastward, paralleling the Fayette–Tuscaloosa County line. In Tuscaloosa County, nine homes were destroyed or damaged, and a dozen additional were likewise affected in Fayette County. The sole fatality was due to a collapsed chimney. 14 injuries were reported. [27] [20] [28] [23]
F2†NE of Garden City to N of Chamblees Mill‡ Cullman, Blount Alabama 34°01′N86°45′W / 34.02°N 86.75°W / 34.02; -86.75 (Garden City (February 13, F1)) 02:30–?≥ 7 mi (11 km)†100 yd (91 m)$40,000※
A tornado touched down near Garden City and moved northeastward. At least 62 homes were damaged or destroyed, and six injuries were confirmed. The tornado may have tracked all the way to Snead. [27] [20] [29] [23]
F1NE of Speiden Giles※, Lincoln Tennessee 35°14′N86°49′W / 35.23°N 86.82°W / 35.23; -86.82 (Speiden (February 13, F1)) 03:00–?0.2 mi (0.32 km)‡400 yd (370 m)‡Un­known
This, the first member of a 30-mile-long (48 km) tornado family, successively passed through or near the small, rural communities of McBurg, Swan Creek, and Boonshill. A house in Giles County was negligibly damaged. [20] [30] [19]
F3 Shady Grove to Adamsville to Graysville to Pinson Jefferson Alabama 33°36′N86°56′W / 33.60°N 86.93°W / 33.60; -86.93 (Adamsville (February 13, F3)) 03:30–?15 mi (24 km)†200 yd (180 m)$65,000†
1 death – An intense tornado moved through the northern suburbs of Birmingham, dispersing debris for several hundred yards. In all 131 homes and other structures were destroyed or damaged. 26 injuries were recorded. [27] [20] [31] [23]
F2† Howell to Mulberry※ Lincoln Tennessee 35°13′N86°36′W / 35.22°N 86.60°W / 35.22; -86.60 (Howell (February 13, F3)) 04:00–?7.4 mi (11.9 km)‡350 yd (320 m)‡$300,000†
This, the second member of the Speiden tornado family, destroyed or damaged 136 homes and various other structures. A few people were injured and 45 families affected. [20] [32] [19]
F1N of Athens Monroe Mississippi 33°51′N88°28′W / 33.85°N 88.47°W / 33.85; -88.47 (Athens (February 13, F1)) 04:00–?0.1 mi (0.16 km)‡33 yd (30 m)‡$20,000※
A tornado was confirmed, but without details. One person was injured. [33] [23]
F4 Lois to Decherd† Moore, Franklin Tennessee 35°12′N86°18′W / 35.20°N 86.30°W / 35.20; -86.30 (Marble Hill (February 13, F4)) 04:30–?12 mi (19 km)†100 yd (91 m)‡$435,000†
3 deaths – See section on this tornado – 44 people were injured.
F1WNW of Kiln Hancock Mississippi 30°25′N89°29′W / 30.42°N 89.48°W / 30.42; -89.48 (Kiln (February 13, F1)) 04:30–?12.7 mi (20.4 km)‡100 yd (91 m)‡$12,000※
A tornado was confirmed, but no other data were provided. A few people were injured. [34] [23]
F2† Monteagle to Tracy City Grundy Tennessee 35°16′N85°45′W / 35.27°N 85.75°W / 35.27; -85.75 (Monteagle (February 13, F3)) 04:30†–04:45※6 mi (9.7 km)†400 yd (370 m)$200,000※
This was the final member of the Speiden–Decherd tornado family. About 150 homes and other buildings were damaged along the path, and widespread, F2-level damage was reported. Two people were injured. [20] [35] [23]

Lois–Marble Hill–Beech Hill–Marble Plains–Decherd, Tennessee

  1. ↑ An outbreak is generally defined as a group of at least six tornadoes (the number sometimes varies slightly according to local climatology) with no more than a six-hour gap between individual tornadoes. An outbreak sequence, prior to (after) the start of modern records in 1950, is defined as a period of no more than two (one) consecutive days without at least one significant (F2 or stronger) tornado. [1]
  2. ↑ Historically, the number of tornadoes globally and in the United States was and is likely underrepresented: research by Grazulis on annual tornado activity suggests that, as of 2001, only 53% of yearly U.S. tornadoes were officially recorded. Documentation of tornadoes outside the United States was historically less exhaustive, owing to the lack of monitors in many nations and, in some cases, to internal political controls on public information. [4] Most countries only recorded tornadoes that produced severe damage or loss of life. [5] Significant low biases in U.S. tornado counts likely occurred through the early 1990s, when advanced NEXRAD was first installed and the National Weather Service began comprehensively verifying tornado occurrences. [6]
  3. ↑ The Fujita scale was devised under the aegis of scientist T. Theodore Fujita in the early 1970s. Prior to the advent of the scale in 1971, tornadoes in the United States were officially unrated. [8] [9] Tornado ratings were retroactively applied to events prior to the formal adoption of the F-scale by the National Weather Service. [10] While the Fujita scale has been superseded by the Enhanced Fujita scale in the U.S. since February 1, 2007, [11] Canada used the old scale until April 1, 2013; [12] nations elsewhere, like the United Kingdom, apply other classifications such as the TORRO scale. [13]
  4. ↑ All starting coordinates are based on the NCEI database and may not reflect contemporary analyses
  5. ↑ All dates are based on the local time zone where the tornado touched down; however, all times are in Coordinated Universal Time and dates are split at midnight CST/CDT for consistency.
  6. ↑ The listed width values are primarily the average/mean width of the tornadoes, with those having known maximum widths denoted by ♯. From 1952 to 1994, reports largely list mean width whereas contemporary years list maximum width. [14] Values provided by Grazulis are the average width, with estimates being rounded down (i.e. 0.5 mi (0.80 km) is rounded down from 880 yards to 800 yards. [15] [16]

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On March 24–25, 1954, a small-but-intense tornado outbreak affected portions of the Central and Southern United States, killing two people and injuring 11. The outbreak generated 18 significant tornadoes, including a deadly, violent event, retroactively rated F4, in Texas County, Missouri. Another intense tornado, rated F3, injured two people in a rural part of Barry County, also in Missouri. An F2 tornado in Benton County, Missouri, injured four. In addition, an F1 tornado in Collin County, North Texas—in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex—injured four more. At least four tornadoes also occurred in or near Greater St. Louis, causing locally extensive damage, and a quartet of strong tornadoes hit Oklahoma, with a few more F2s striking Arkansas.

From April 30–May 1, 1949, a tornado outbreak swept eastward across the United States, beginning over the Great Plains. The severe weather event claimed 10 lives and inflicted over 100 injuries. It produced several deadly tornadoes, mostly in Oklahoma, including a pair that killed three each on April 30. The most intense tornado of the outbreak, retroactively rated a violent F4, tracked across parts of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area that day. A deadly F3 the following day claimed a life in Louisiana as well. This outbreak alone set an official monthly record of tornadoes to date in Oklahoma.

On May 2, 1942, a deadly tornado outbreak affected portions of the Central United States, particularly Northeastern Oklahoma and Southeast Kansas. In the latter areas the severe weather event produced at least four violent, long-tracked tornado families, retroactively assessed as having inflicted F4 damage, that varied in length from 55 to 88 mi. Altogether these claimed 29 lives and injured at least 158 people, featuring six known tornadoes, all rated F4. Besides these, the outbreak also yielded two other tornadoes, both deadly: a long-lived F3 family in Illinois that killed one person and an F2 in Missouri that killed one more. The entire outbreak killed 31 people and injured at least 172.

From May 20–22, 1949, a large-scale tornado outbreak affected portions of the continental United States, killing several dozen people and injuring hundreds more. Generating at least 66 tornadoes, the severe weather event produced 51 or more significant—F2 or stronger—tornadoes, half a dozen of which were retroactively rated F4 by tornado expert Thomas P. Grazulis. One of the largest on record prior to the start of official data in 1950, the outbreak included many tornado families and unrecorded or weak tornadoes, so its actual total was likely considerably higher than noted here. Newspaper headlines mentioned an "army" of tornadoes in Kansas on May 20. More than 100 tornadoes in all, mainly weak, may have formed over the Great Plains that day; Grazulis was able to find 40 just in Kansas "with little effort".

References

  1. ↑ Schneider, Russell S.; Brooks, Harold E.; Schaefer, Joseph T. (2004). Tornado Outbreak Day Sequences: Historic Events and Climatology (1875–2003) (PDF). 22nd Conf. Severe Local Storms. Hyannis, Massachusetts: American Meteorological Society . Retrieved September 17, 2019.
  2. ↑ Multiple sources:
  3. ↑ Agee and Childs 2014, p. 1496.
  4. ↑ Grazulis 2001a, pp.  251–4.
  5. ↑ Edwards, Roger (March 5, 2015). "The Online Tornado FAQ (by Roger Edwards, SPC)". Storm Prediction Center: Frequently Asked Questions about Tornadoes. Storm Prediction Center . Retrieved February 25, 2016.
  6. ↑ Cook & Schaefer 2008, p. 3135.
  7. ↑ Agee and Childs 2014, pp. 1497, 1503.
  8. ↑ Grazulis 1993, p. 141.
  9. ↑ Grazulis 2001a, p.  131.
  10. ↑ Edwards et al. 2013, p. 641–642.
  11. ↑ Edwards, Roger (March 5, 2015). "Enhanced F Scale for Tornado Damage". The Online Tornado FAQ (by Roger Edwards, SPC). Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved February 25, 2016.
  12. ↑ "Enhanced Fujita Scale (EF-Scale)". Environment and Climate Change Canada. Environment and Climate Change Canada. June 6, 2013. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved February 25, 2016.
  13. ↑ "The International Tornado Intensity Scale". Tornado and Storm Research Organisation. Tornado and Storm Research Organisation. 2016. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved February 25, 2016.
  14. ↑ Agee and Childs 2014, p. 1494.
  15. ↑ Brooks 2004, p. 310.
  16. ↑ Grazulis 1990, p. ix.
  17. 1 2 "Severe Weather Database Files (1950-2021)". Storm Prediction Center Maps, Graphics, and Data Page. Norman, Oklahoma: Storm Prediction Center. July 11, 2021. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  18. ↑ Storm Data Publication 1952 , #10032661
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 USWB 1952, p. 39.
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Grazulis 1993, p. 961.
  21. ↑ Storm Data Publication 1952 , #9983011
  22. ↑ Storm Data Publication 1952 , #10126030
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 USWB 1952, p. 40.
  24. ↑ Multiple sources:
  25. ↑ Storm Data Publication 1952 , #10047285
  26. ↑ Storm Data Publication 1952 , #10126031
  27. 1 2 3 "Alabama Tornadoes 1952". NWS Birmingham, Alabama Weather Forecast Office . Calera, Alabama: National Weather Service. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
  28. ↑ Multiple sources:
  29. ↑ Multiple sources:
  30. ↑ Storm Data Publication 1952 , #10126032
  31. ↑ Storm Data Publication 1952 , #9979434
  32. ↑ Storm Data Publication 1952 , #10126033
  33. ↑ Storm Data Publication 1952 , #10047286
  34. ↑ Storm Data Publication 1952 , #10047287
  35. ↑ Storm Data Publication 1952 , #10126036
  36. ↑ Multiple sources:

Sources

Lois–Marble Hill–Beech Hill–Marble Plains–Decherd, Tennessee
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