Treaty of Prenzlau

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Treaty of Prenzlau or Peace of Prenzlau (German : Vertrag von Prenzlau, Frieden vo Prenzlau, Vergleich von Prenzlau) may refer to several treaties during a series of wars between the Margraviate of Brandenburg and the Duchy of Pomerania fought for control of Pomerania-Stettin, and possession of the Uckermark in the 15th century. The First Peace of Prenzlau ended a war fought between 1445 and 1448, [1] while the Second Peace of Prenzlau ended a war fought between 1466 and 1468. In older documents, Prenzlau may be spelled Prenzlow, which was the common spelling during the time period the treaties were drawn and was only changed during the 19th century. Prenzlau is situated in the center of Uckermark.

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First Peace of Prenzlau (1448)

After a series of conflicts, the Brandenburgian margraves and the Pomeranian dukes partitioned the Uckermark with the Treaty of Prenzlau (1448). The southern parts should belong to Brandenburg, while the northern parts stayed with Pomerania. The northern parts were to be inherited by Brandenburg in case the House of Pomerania were to become extinct. The peace treaty was prepared in 1447 and signed on 3 May 1448. [2] [3]

Second Peace of Prenzlau (1472, 1479)

War started again when Stettin (Szczecin) refused to hail the Brandenburgian margraves, which it was supposed to following the Treaty of Soldin (1466). Brandenburg responded by attacking the Pomeranian duchy and advanced deep into Pomerania-Stettin, which before the war included the Uckermark.

Most of the fighting in this war was ended by a truce, the treaty of Prenzlau (1468): Brandenburg thereby kept the southern Uckermark gained in the course of the war from Pomerania. The truce concluded in September 1468 was prolonged in 1469 in Petrikau. [4]

The Second Treaty of Prenzlau (1472) was a peace treaty signed on 31 May 1472 between Albert III, Elector of Brandenburg, and the Dukes of Pomerania. Based on the terms of the accord, the dukes Eric II and Wartislaw X surrendered the Duchy of Pomerania-Stettin to Albert III, with the Uckermark becoming an integral part of Brandenburg and the remainder of Pomerania-Stettin becoming a Brandenburgian vassal. This accord was confirmed by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick III in 1473. [4] [5] [6]

A third treaty of Prenzlau (1479) confirmed the 1472 one. [4]

See also

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The Treaty of Soldin was signed on 21 January 1466 at Soldin by the Brandenburgian elector Frederick II and the Pomeranian dukes Eric II and Wartislaw X. It was mediated by the town of Stettin. The treaty temporarily settled a conflict about the succession of Otto III, Duke of Pomerania, who had died without issue: Emperor Frederick III, elector Frederick II as well as Eric II and Wartislaw X of Pomerania claimed to be the rightful heir of Otto's share of the Duchy of Pomerania.

Starting in the 12th century, the Margraviate, later Electorate, of Brandenburg was in conflict with the neighboring Duchy of Pomerania over frontier territories claimed by them both, and over the status of the Pomeranian duchy, which Brandenburg claimed as a fief, whereas Pomerania claimed Imperial immediacy. The conflict frequently turned into open war, and despite occasional success, none of the parties prevailed permanently until the House of Pomerania died out in 1637. Brandenburg would by then have naturally have prevailed, but this was hindered by the contemporary Swedish occupation of Pomerania, and the conflict continued between Sweden and Brandenburg-Prussia until 1815, when Prussia incorporated Swedish Pomerania into her Province of Pomerania.

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Treaty of Grimnitz 1529 treaty between the House of Pomerania and the House of Hohenzollern

The Treaty of Grimnitz was the final settlement of a long-standing dispute between the House of Pomerania and the House of Hohenzollern regarding the legal status and succession in the Duchy of Pomerania. It renewed and amended the Treaty of Pyritz of 1493.

Wartislaw X, Duke of Pomerania 15th-century Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast

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The War of the Succession of Stettin was a conflict between the Dukes of Pomerania and the Elector of Brandenburg. It started in 1464, after the death of Duke Otto III, the last Duke of Pomerania-Stettin. The Dukes of Pomerania-Wolgast, Eric II and Wartislaw X, held that they were Otto's rightful heirs. Elector Frederick II of Brandenburg held that Pomerania-Stettin was a fief of Brandenburg. Since its duke, Otto III, had died without a male heir, it should fall back to Brandenburg.

Otto II was a Duke of Pomerania-Stettin from the House of Griffins.

References

  1. ↑ Landesgeschichtliche Vereinigung für die Mark Brandenburg, Jahrbuch für brandenburgische Landesgeschichte, 1983, p.98
  2. ↑ Wolf-Dieter Mohrmann, Der Landfriede im Ostseeraum während des späten Mittelalters, Lassleben, 1972, p.285, ISBN   3-7847-4002-2, ISBN   978-3-7847-4002-7
  3. ↑ Werner Buchholz, Pommern, Siedler, 1999, p.181, ISBN   3-88680-272-8, ISBN   978-3-88680-272-2
  4. 1 2 3 Stephanie Irrgang, Peregrinatio Academica: Wanderungen und Karrieren von Gelehrten der Universitäten Rostock, Greifswald, Trier und Mainz im 15. Jahrhundert, Franz Steiner Verlag, 2002, p.97, ISBN   3-515-08085-6, ISBN   978-3-515-08085-9
  5. ↑ Ingo Materna, Wolfgang Ribbe, Kurt Adamy, Brandenburgische Geschichte, Akademie Verlag, 1995, p.206, ISBN   3-05-002508-5, ISBN   978-3-05-002508-7
  6. ↑ Frank-Lothar Kroll, Preußens Herrscher: Von den ersten Hohenzollern bis Wilhelm II., Beck, 2006, p.45, ISBN   3-406-54129-1, ISBN   978-3-406-54129-2
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