Veronicellidae

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Leatherleaf slugs
Veronicella sloanei.jpg
Live individual of Veronicella sloanei
Laevecaulis-2.jpg
Live individual of Laevicaulis alte
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Systellommatophora
Superfamily: Veronicelloidea
Family: Veronicellidae
(Gray, 1840) [1]
Type genus
Veronicella
Genera

See text

Synonyms
  • Vaginulidae (Martens, 1866)
  • Meisenheimeriinae (Hoffmann, 1925)
  • Sarasinulinae (Hoffmann, 1925)
  • Semperulinae (Hoffmann, 1925)
  • Imeriniinae (Hoffmann, 1928)
  • Pseudoverocinellinae (Hoffmann, 1928)

The Veronicellidae, also known by their common name the leatherleaf slugs, are a family of pulmonate terrestrial slugs.

Contents

The herbivorous molluscs occur mainly in the tropical and subtropical areas of America, Asia and Africa.

They act as intermediate hosts of the rat lung worm Angiostrongylus costaricensis , and act as a vector for other human diseases.[ citation needed ] They also cause significant damage to crops. [2]

Description

The dorsal surface of these slugs is entirely covered by the mantle or hyponota. These mollusks have a posterior located anus, eyes on contractile (not retractile) tentacles, and no lung or pulmonary organ. In these aspects they are anatomically distinct from most other types of terrestrial slugs, which typically belong to the order Stylommatophora, and which have a forward located anus, and retractile tentacles.

The closely related members of the family Onchidiidae differ from the Veronicellidae by having a pulmonary sac, or lung. [3] [4] [5]

Distribution

Members of the family can be found in the Central African Republic, Kenya, Cameroon, tropical West Africa, Mexico, [6] the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Thailand, southern Asia, southern China, Taiwan, Cuba, the Highland Rainforests of Puerto Rico, [7] Florida, Dominica, [8] Hawaii, [9] the islands of the Indian Ocean, Australia, Samoa and Guyana. [10]

Life cycle

Some species of Veronicellidae bear live young.

Genera

The Veronicellidae family has no subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).

Genera within the family Veronicellidae include:

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Systellommatophora</span> Clade of gastropods

The Systellommatophora is a clade of primitive, air-breathing slugs, according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Athoracophoridae</span> Family of gastropods

Athoracophoridae, common name the leaf-veined slugs, are a family of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the infraorder Stylommatophora, the stalk-eyed snails and slugs. Many of the species have an attractive pattern on their dorsal surface which resembles the veins in a leaf, hence the common name.

<i>Eleutherocaulis haroldi</i> Species of gastropod

Eleutherocaulis haroldi, known as Purcell's hunter slug or the caterpillar slug, is a species of tropical land slug in the family Veronicellidae, the leatherleaf slugs. It was first formally named Laevicaulis haroldi in 1980.

<i>Laevicaulis</i> Genus of gastropods

Laevicaulis is a taxonomic genus of air-breathing, tropical land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Veronicellidae, the leatherleaf slugs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Slug</span> Shell-less terrestrial gastropod mollusc

Slug, or land slug, is a common name for any apparently shell-less terrestrial gastropod mollusc. The word slug is also often used as part of the common name of any gastropod mollusc that has no shell, a very reduced shell, or only a small internal shell, particularly sea slugs and semi-slugs.

Veronicella cubensis, common name the Cuban slug, is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Veronicellidae, the leatherleaf slugs.

<i>Leidyula floridana</i> Species of gastropod

Leidyula floridana, common name the Florida leatherleaf, is a species of tropical air-breathing land slug, shell-less terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Veronicellidae.

<i>Leidyula</i> Genus of gastropods

Leidyula is a genus of slugs in the family Veronicellidae, the leatherleaf slugs.

<i>Vaginulus</i> Genus of gastropods

Vaginulus is a genus of air-breathing land slugs, shell-less terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Veronicellidae, the leatherleaf slugs.

<i>Diplosolenodes occidentalis</i> Species of land slug

Diplosolenodes occidentalis is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Veronicellidae, the leatherleaf slugs.

<i>Veronicella sloanii</i> Species of gastropod

Veronicella sloanii, commonly called the pancake slug, is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial, pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Veronicellidae, the leatherleaf slugs.

<i>Sarasinula plebeia</i> Species of gastropod

Sarasinula plebeia, commonly called the bean slug or the Caribbean leatherleaf slug, is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Veronicellidae, the leatherleaf slugs.

<i>Sarasinula</i> Genus of gastropods

Sarasinula is a genus of air-breathing land slugs in the family Veronicellidae, the leatherleaf slugs.

Sarasinula dubia is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Veronicellidae, the leatherleaf slugs.

Veronicella tenax, common Cuban name is the steak slug, is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Veronicellidae, the leatherleaf slugs.

Leidyula moreleti is a species of air-breathing land slug, shell-less terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Veronicellidae.

Colosius is a genus of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Veronicellidae, the leatherleaf slugs.

Simrothula paraensis is a species of air-breathing land slug, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Veronicellidae, the leatherleaf slugs.

Vaginula is a genus of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Veronicellidae, the leatherleaf slugs.

Rathouisia pantherina is a species of carnivorous air-breathing land slug, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Rathouisiidae.

References

  1. ↑ Gray J. E. (1840). Synopsis of the contents of the British Museum, ed. 42, p. 126, p. 149.
  2. ↑ Speiser, B (2002). "Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Frick, Switzerland" (PDF).
  3. ↑ "Palaeos Metazoa: Mollusca: Pulmonata: Systellommatophora". Archived from the original on November 11, 2007. Retrieved November 27, 2007. Systellommatophora at Palaeos
  4. ↑ "Integrated Taxonomic Information System: Veronicellidae". Archived from the original on 2008-10-11.
  5. ↑ "Univ. Michigan Animal Diversity: Veronicellidae" . Retrieved 2024-01-01.
  6. ↑ "A review of the Veronicellidae from Mexico (Gastropoda: Soleolifera)" (PDF). Retrieved 2023-01-01.
  7. ↑ (in Spanish) Aguayo C. G. (1965). "Sobre el status de Veronicella portoricensis (Mollusca Pulmonata)". Caribbean Journal of Science 5(1-2): 25-28. PDF Archived October 1, 2011, at the Wayback Machine .
  8. ↑ Robinson D. G., Hovestadt A., Fields A. & Breure A. S. H. (July 2009). "The land Mollusca of Dominica (Lesser Antilles), with notes on some enigmatic or rare species". Zoologische Mededelingen 83 http://www.zoologischemededelingen.nl/83/nr03/a13
  9. ↑ "Comprehensive Report Species - Laevicaulis alte".
  10. ↑ Baker, H. Burrington (1926). "Veronicellidae from British Guiana". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 78: 29–34. JSTOR   4063950.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Veronicellidae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Thomé J. W., dos Santos P. H. & Pedott L. (1997). "Annotated list of Veronicellidae from the collections of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia and the National Museum of Natural History". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 110(4): 520-536.
  13. 1 2 (in Spanish) Pérez A. M., Sotelo M., Arana I. & López A. (2008). "Diversidad de moluscos gasterópodos terrestres en la región del Pacífico de Nicaragua y sus preferencias de hábitat". Rev. Biol. Trop. 56(1): 317-332,. PDF
  14. ↑ Wai Hoong, Ho (1995). "A Review Of The Land Snail Fauna Of Singapore". The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology . 43 (1): 91–113.
  15. 1 2 3 Naranjo-García E., Thomé J. W. & Castillejo J. (2007). "A review of the Veronicellidae from Mexico (Gastropoda: Soleolifera). Revisión de los Veronicellidae de México (Gastropoda: Soleolifera)". Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 78: 41-50."
  16. ↑ "WoRMS : Simrothula Thomé". World Register of Marine Species. 1975. Archived from the original on 2012-10-17. Retrieved 2024-01-01.
  17. ↑ Maceira F., David (2003). "Las especies de la familia Veronicellidae (Mollusca, Soleolifera) en Cuba" (PDF). Rev. Biol. Trop. 51 (3): 453–461. Retrieved 2 November 2012.[ permanent dead link ]
  18. ↑ Smith (1876). "Vaginula rodericensis". World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS). Retrieved 2024-01-01.
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