(574372) 2010 JO179

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(574372) 2010 JO179
Discovery [1] [2]
Discovered by Pan-STARRS 1
Discovery site Haleakala Obs.
Discovery date10 May 2010
Designations
(574372) 2010 JO179
2010 JO179
TNO [3]  · SDO [4] [5]  · 5:21 res. [6]
p-DP  · distant [1]
Orbital characteristics [3]
Epoch 31 May 2020 (JD 2459000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 2
Observation arc 69.54 yr (25,399 days)
Earliest precovery date4 February 1951 (POSS-I) [1]
Aphelion 117.997 AU
Perihelion 39.590 AU
78.793 AU
Eccentricity 0.49755
699.43 yr (255,466 d)
35.211°
0° 0m 5.04s / day [3]
Inclination 32.025°
147.350°
1951-Sep-13 [7]
10.427°
Known satellites 0
Physical characteristics
600–900 km implied by estimated albedo [6]
644 km? [4]
30.6  h [6]
30.6324 h (best fit) [6]
0.07 ~ 0.21 (estimated) [6]
0.124 (assumed) [4]
g-r = 0.88±0.21
r-i = 0.34±0.26
r-z = 0.13±0.22 [6]
3.44±0.10 (R-band) [6]
3.86 [3]
3.84 [1]

    (574372) 2010 JO179 (provisional designation 2010 JO179) is a large, high-order resonant trans-Neptunian object in the outermost regions of the Solar System, probably somewhere between 600 and 900 kilometers (370 and 560 miles) in diameter. [6] Long-term observations suggest that the object is in a meta-stable 5:21 resonance with Neptune. [6] Other sources classify it as a scattered disc object. [4] [5] It is possibly large enough to be a dwarf planet. [6]

    Contents

    2010 JO179 has not yet been imaged by high-resolution telescopes, so it has no known moons. [8] The Hubble Space Telescope is planned to image 2010 JO179 in 2026, which should determine if it has significantly sized moons. [8]

    First observation and orbit

    The libration of 2010 JO179's nominal orbit, in a frame co-rotating with Neptune (click image to view animation) 2010 JO179 resonance.gif
    The libration of 2010 JO179's nominal orbit, in a frame co-rotating with Neptune (click image to view animation)

    The Minor Planet Center credits the object's first official observation on 10 May 2010 to Pan-STARRS ( F51 ) at Haleakala Observatory, Hawaii, United States. [1] [2] The observations were made by Pan-STARRS'Outer Solar System Survey. [6] There are 4 February 1951 precovery images from the Palomar Observatory Sky Survey, extending the observation arc by approximately 60 years. [1] The precovery images are from the same year the object came to perihelion (closest approach to the Sun).

    2010 JO179 orbits the Sun at a distance of 39.6–118  AU once every 699 years and 5 months (semi-major axis of 78.8 AU). Its orbit has a high eccentricity of 0.50 and an inclination of 32° with respect to the ecliptic. [3]

    Numbering and naming

    This minor planet was numbered by the Minor Planet Center on 10 August 2021, receiving the number 574372 in the minor planet catalog M.P.C. 133504. [9] As of 2025, it has not been named. [1]

    Physical characteristics

    Photometry

    Photometric observations of 2010 JO179 gave a monomodal lightcurve with slow rotation period of 30.6 hours, suggesting a rather spherical shape with significant albedo patchiness. An alternative period solution of a bimodal lightcurve is considered less likely. It would double the period and imply an ellipsoidal shape with an axis-ratio of at least 1.58. [6]

    Diameter and albedo

    The object's mean diameter has been estimated to measure 600 to 900 kilometers, based on an assumed albedo of 0.21 to 0.07. [6]

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "2010 JO179". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 27 August 2020.
    2. 1 2 "MPEC 2017-S54 : 2010 JO179". Minor Planet Center. 18 September 2017. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
    3. 1 2 3 4 5 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2010 JO179)" (2020-08-19 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
    4. 1 2 3 4 Johnston, Wm. Robert (19 June 2025). "List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects". Johnston's Archive. Retrieved 14 September 2025.
    5. 1 2 "List Of Centaurs and Scattered-Disk Objects". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 15 December 2017.
    6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Holman, Matthew J.; Payne, Matthew J.; Fraser, Wesley; Lacerda, Pedro; Bannister, Michele T.; Lackner, Michael; et al. (2018). "A dwarf planet class object in the 21:5 resonance with Neptune". The Astrophysical Journal. 855 (1): L6. arXiv: 1709.05427 . Bibcode:2018ApJ...855L...6H. doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/aaadb3 . S2CID   55279330.
    7. ↑ "Horizons Batch for 574372 (2010 JO179) on 1951-Sep-13" (Perihelion occurs when rdot flips from negative to positive). JPL Horizons . Retrieved 21 September 2021. (JPL#8/Soln.date: 2021-Aug-26)
    8. 1 2 Proudfoot, Benjamin (August 2025). "A Search For The Moons of Mid-Sized TNOs". Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes. Space Telescope Science Institute: HST Proposal 18010. Cycle 33. Retrieved 17 August 2025.
    9. ↑ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
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