1195

1195 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1195 MCXCV
Ab urbe condita	1948
Armenian calendar	644 ԹՎ ՈԽԴ
Assyrian calendar	5945
Balinese saka calendar	1116–1117
Bengali calendar	601–602
Berber calendar	2145
English Regnal year	6  Ric. 1  – 7  Ric. 1
Buddhist calendar	1739
Burmese calendar	557
Byzantine calendar	6703–6704
Chinese calendar	甲寅年 (Wood  Tiger) 3892 or 3685     — to — 乙卯年 (Wood  Rabbit) 3893 or 3686
Coptic calendar	911–912
Discordian calendar	2361
Ethiopian calendar	1187–1188
Hebrew calendar	4955–4956
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1251–1252
- Shaka Samvat	1116–1117
- Kali Yuga	4295–4296
Holocene calendar	11195
Igbo calendar	195–196
Iranian calendar	573–574
Islamic calendar	591–592
Japanese calendar	Kenkyū 6 (建久６年)
Javanese calendar	1102–1103
Julian calendar	1195 MCXCV
Korean calendar	3528
Minguo calendar	717 before ROC 民前717年
Nanakshahi calendar	−273
Seleucid era	1506/1507 AG
Thai solar calendar	1737–1738
Tibetan calendar	ཤིང་ཕོ་སྟག་ལོ་ (male Wood-Tiger) 1321 or 940 or 168     — to — ཤིང་མོ་ཡོས་ལོ་ (female Wood-Hare) 1322 or 941 or 169

Year 1195 ( MCXCV ) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.

Events

• June 1 – Battle of Shamkor: Georgians defeat the Ildenizids of Azerbaijan. ^{[1] [2]}
• July 18 – Battle of Alarcos: Almohad ruler Abu Yusuf Ya'qub al-Mansur decisively defeats Castilian King Alfonso VIII. ^{[3] [4]}
• The Priory of St Mary's is founded in Bushmead. ^{[5] [6]}
• Alexius III Angelus overthrows Isaac II, and becomes Byzantine Emperor. ^{[7] [8]}

• Temüjin, in alliance with the Jin dynasty of China, launches his first major campaign against the Tatars. This military action marks a new, formalized phase in Temüjin's rise to power and his ongoing unification of the various steppe tribes.
• The Abbasid Caliph, Al-Nasir, takes military action against the Ayyubid Sultan, Al-Aziz Uthman, who controls Egypt and Syria. The Caliph mobilizes his forces and marches into Mesopotamia, directly challenging Ayyubid authority in the region of Iraq.

Births

• August 15 – Anthony of Padua, Portuguese preacher and saint (d. 1231) ^{[9] [10]}
• Princess Shōshi of Japan (d. 1211) ^[11]
• Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester (d. 1265) ^{[12] [13]}

Deaths

• March 3 – Hugh de Puiset, bishop of Durham (b. c. 1125) ^{[14] [15] [16]}
• August 6 – Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Bavaria (b. 1129) ^{[17] [18] [19]}
• October 13 – Gualdim Pais, Great Master of the Templars in Portugal (b. 1118) ^{[20] [21]}
• December 17 – Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut (b. 1150) ^{[22] [23] [24]}
• Ascelina, French nun and mystic (b. 1121) ^{[25] [26]}

References

1. Donvito, Philippo (2005). "Queen Tamar of Georgia (1184-1213): The Lioness of the Caucasus". Medieval Warfare. IV-2: Female Knights and Fighting Princesses - Medieval Women as Warriors: 19–23.
2. Tsurtsumia, Mamuka (2014). "Couched Lance and Mounted Shock Combat in the East: The Georgian Experience". In Rogers, Clifford J.; DeVries, Kelly; France, John (eds.). Journal of Medieval Military History. Vol. XII. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell & Brewer Ltd. pp. 89–90. ISBN   9781843839361.
3. Wheeler, Benjamin Webb (1927). "The Papacy and Hispanic Interstate Relations, 1195-1212". The Catholic Historical Review. 13 (1): 29–38. ISSN   0008-8080. JSTOR   25012394.
4. Jumper, Mark A. (2017). Shaw, Jeffrey M.; Demy, Timothy J. (eds.). War and Religion: An Encyclopedia of Faith and Conflict. Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO and Oxford: ABC-CLIO. pp. 13–14. ISBN   9781610695176.
5. Postles, Dave (2002). "Religious Houses and the Laity in the Eleventh to Thirteenth Century England: An Overview". In Morillo, Stephen (ed.). The Haskins Society Journal: Studies in Medieval History 2002 . Vol. XII. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. pp.  9. ISBN   9781843830085.
6. Davis, G. R. C. (2010). Medieval Cartularies of Great Britain and Ireland. London: The British Library Publishing Division. p. 31. ISBN   9780712350389.
7. Lascaratos, John; Marketos, S. (March 1, 1992). "The penalty of blinding during Byzantine times". Documenta Ophthalmologica. 81 (1): 133–144. doi:10.1007/BF00155023. ISSN   1573-2622. PMID   1473461. S2CID   19966858.
8. Ciggaar, Krijna Nelly (1996). Western Travellers to Constantinople: The West and Byzantium, 962-1204 : Cultural and Political Relations. Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 356. ISBN   9789004106376.
9. MacEvitt, Christopher (2011). "Martyrdom and the Muslim World Through Franciscan Eyes". The Catholic Historical Review. 97 (1): 1–23. ISSN   0008-8080. JSTOR   23052738.
10. Craughwell, Thomas J. (2007). This Saint's for You!: 300 Heavenly Allies for Architects, Athletes, Brides, Bachelors, Babies, Librarians, Murderers, Whales, Widows, and You. Philadelphia, PA: Quirk Books. p. 148. ISBN   9781594741845.
11. Lewis, James B. (April 1, 2011). "Robert I. Hellyer. Defining Engagement: Japan and Global Contexts, 1640–1868. (Harvard East Asian Monographs, number 326.) Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Asia Center. 2009. Pp. xvi, 281. $39.95.Reviews of BooksAsia". The American Historical Review. 116 (2): 429–430. doi:10.1086/ahr.116.2.429a. ISSN   0002-8762.
12. McHardy, A.K. (May 1, 1988). "K.J. Stringer (ed.), Essays on the nobility of medieval Scotland". Northern Scotland. 8 (First Series) (1): 75–76. doi:10.3366/nor.1988.0010. ISSN   0306-5278.
13. Ryerons, Richard Alan; Reveals, Jonna M.; Walker, Celeste; Lint, Gregg G.; Costello, Humphrey J., eds. (1993). Adams Family Correspondence. Vol. 5: October 1782 - November 1784. Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press. p. 336. ISBN   9780674020061.
14. Turner, Ralph V. (Spring 1997). "Richard Lionheart and English Episcopal Elections*". Albion. 29 (1): 1–13. doi:10.2307/4051592. ISSN   0095-1390. JSTOR   4051592.
15. Stubbs, William (2012). Chronicles and Memorials of the Reign of Richard I (in Latin). Vol. 2: Epistolae Cantuarienses, the Letters of the Prior and Convent of Christ Church, Canterbury, from AD 1187 to AD 1199. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 148. ISBN   9781108048064.
16. King, Richard John (1869). Handbook to the Cathedrals of England: Northern Division. Vol. Part II: Durham, Chester, Manchester. London: John Murray. p. 344.
17. Munz, Peter (October 1, 1965). "Frederick Barbarossa and Henry the Lion in 1176". Historical Studies: Australia and New Zealand. 12 (45): 1–21. doi:10.1080/10314616508595307. ISSN   0728-6023. From the fact that the author says 'habebat' it has been inferred that this addition was made after 1195, ie after the death of Henry the Lion
18. Lyon, Jonathan R. (2012). Princely Brothers and Sisters: The Sibling Bond in German Politics, 1100–1250. Ithaca, NY and London: Cornell University Press. p. 139. ISBN   9780801467844.
19. Swarzenski, Georg (1949). "Romanesque Aquamanile of the Guennol Collection". Brooklyn Museum Bulletin. 10 (4): 1–10. ISSN   2578-7640. JSTOR   26457966. this is certainly the later piece, probably made or finished after the death of Henry the Lion (1195)
20. Barroca, Mário Jorge (2001). "Os castelos dos templários em Portugal e a organização da defesa do reino no séc. XII". Acta Historica et Archaeologica Mediaevalia (22): 213–227–227. ISSN   2339-9996.
21. Mendes, Paulo Alexandre Cabaço (December 17, 2018). "De Redinha a Pombal (1508): a Terra e os Homens. Estudo de Antroponímia e de Toponímia". Repositório Institucional da Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa: Departamento de História, Artes e Humanidades Mestrado Em História, Arqueologia e Património: 13. Gualdim Pais (c. 1118/20-1195)
22. Napran, Laura (2008). France, John (ed.). Mercenaries and Paid Men: The Mercenary Identity in the Middle Ages. Proceedings of a Conference Held at University of Wales, Swansea, 7th-9th July 2005. Leiden and Boston: BRILL. p. 287. ISBN   9789047432616.
23. Wolff, Robert Lee (July 1, 1952). "Baldwin of Flanders and Hainaut, First Latin Emperor of Constantinople: His Life, Death, and Resurrection, 1172-1225". Speculum. 27 (3): 281–322. doi:10.2307/2853088. ISSN   0038-7134. JSTOR   2853088. S2CID   163762031. Baldwin retained only the titles Marquis of Namur and Count of Hainaut. When he died in December 1195, the young Baldwin inherited Hainaut
24. Draelants, Isabelle; Balouzat-Loubet, Christelle (January 2015). La formule au Moyen Âge, II / Formulas in Medieval Culture, II: Actes du colloque international de Nancy et Metz, 7-9 juin 2012 / Proceedings of the International Conference, Nancy and Metz, 7th-9th June 2012. Atelier de recherche sur les textes médiévaux. Vol. 23. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols Publishers. p. 17. doi:10.1484/m.artem-eb.5.108413. ISBN   9782503554327. The period covers the successive reigns of Count Baldwin V/ VIII (1191-1194/1195), double-numbered in this way because he was the fifth count of Hainaut and the ninth count of Flanders to bear the name Baldwin
25. Dinzelbacher, Peter (2005). "Kirchenreform und Frauenleben im Hohen Mittelalter". Mitteilungen des Instituts für Österreichische Geschichtsforschung. 113 (JG): 20–40. doi:10.7767/miog.2005.113.jg.20. ISSN   2307-2903. S2CID   163481019. Ascelina von Boulancourt (t 1195)
26. Pinard, T. (1847). "Notre-Dame de Boulancourt (Haute-Marne)". Revue Archéologique. 4 (2): 474–477. ISSN   0035-0737. JSTOR   41745542. la contrée appelée le Champ-Vieillard un monastère de fem mes, à la tète duquel il plaçait la vierge Asceline, sa cousine; elle mourut, suivant les uns, l'an 1165; suivant les autres, en 1195