1961 in poetry

Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).

List of years in poetry (table)
… 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 …
In literature 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964
Art Archaeology Architecture Literature Music Philosophy Science +...

Events

• January 20 – Robert Frost recites his poem "The Gift Outright" at the Inauguration of John F. Kennedy as President of the United States. ^[1]
• February – American poet in London Sylvia Plath suffers a miscarriage. Several of her poems, including "Parliament Hill Fields", address this event. ^[2]
• November – Liverpool poets Roger McGough, Adrian Henri and Brian Patten first meet, in a basement coffee bar on the city's Mount Pleasant. ^[3]
• Keith and Rosmarie Waldrop buy a secondhand printing press and start Burning Deck magazine in the United States.
• Tish literary magazine, founded in Vancouver, British Columbia. It is published intermittently until 1969. Poets associated with the magazine include Frank Davey, Fred Wah, George Bowering, and, briefly, bpNichol when he lives in Vancouver. ^[4]
• Kyk-over-al magazine in Guyana ceases publication ^[5]

Works published in English

Listed by nation where the work was first published and again by the poet's native land, if different; substantially revised works listed separately:

Canada

• Earle Birney, Ice Cod Bell on Stone ^[6]
• Arthur Bourinot, Poems: Paul Bunyan, Three Lincoln Poems and Other Verse ^[6]
• Leonard Cohen, The Spice-Box of Earth ^[6]
• Robert Finch
  • Dover Beach Revisited, a meditation on the significance of Matthew Arnold ^[6]
  • Acis in Oxford and Other Poems ^[6]
• Ralph Gustafson, Rivers Among Rocks ^[6]
• Daryl Hine, The Devil's Picture Books ^[6]
• D. G. Jones, The Sun is Axeman ^[7]
• Irving Layton, The Swinging Flesh ^[6]
• Eli Mandel and Jean Guy Pilon, Poetry 62, an anthology ^[6]
• Gwendolyn MacEwen:
  • Selah. Toronto: Aleph Press.
  • The Drunken Clock. Toronto: Aleph Press. ^[8]
• D. Pacey, Creative Writing in Canada, revised edition (scholarship) ^[9]
• Dorothy Roberts, Twice to Flame ^[6]

Ireland

• Austin Clarke, Later Poems, Dublin: Dolmen Press, Ireland ^[10]
• Thomas Kinsella:
  • Downstream, Dublin: Dolmen Press ^[10]
  • Poems and Translations, New York: Atheneum ^[10]

India in English

• Lila Ray, Entrance( Poetry in English ), Calcutta: Writers Workshop, India. ^[11]
• Harindranath Chattopadhyaya, Masks and Farewells, Bombay: Asia ^[12]
• Ira De, The Hunt and Other Poems ( Poetry in English ), Calcutta: Writers Workshop, India. (revised edition 1968) ^[12]
• Sarojini Naidu, The Feather of the Dawn, posthumously published (died in 1949), edited by her daughter, Padmaja Naidu ^[13]
• Trilok Chandra, A Hundred and One Flowers ^[12]

United Kingdom

• James K. Baxter, Howrah Bridge and Other Poems, London: Oxford University Press, New Zealand poet published in the United Kingdom
• Thomas Blackburn, A Smell of Burning ^[6]
• Alan Brownjohn, The Railings ^[6]
• Charles Causley, Johnny Alleluia ^[6]
• Jack Clemo, The Map of Clay ^[14]
• Padraic Colum, Irish Elegies ^[14]
• Donald Davie, New and Selected Poems, Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Press ^[10]
• Paul Dehn, Quake, quake, quake: a leaden treasury of English verse
• Ian Hamilton Finlay, Glasgow Beasts, An a Burd, Edinburgh: Wild Flounder Press ^[10]
• Roy Fisher, City ^[14]
• John Fuller, Fairground Music ^[6]
• Robert Graves, More Poems 1961 ^[6]
• Thom Gunn, My Sad Captains, and Other Poems, ^[14] London: Faber and Faber; University of Chicago Press ^[10]
• Geoffrey Hill, "Ovid in the Third Reich", "Locust Songs" and "Annunciations" ^[15]
• Ralph Hodgson, Collected Poems ^[6]
• David Holbrook, Imaginings ^[6]
• Graham Hough, Legends and Pastorals ^[6]
• Elizabeth Jennings, Song for a Birth or a Death, and Other Poems ^[14]
• Jenny Joseph, "Warning"
• Edward Lucie-Smith, A Tropical Childhood, and Other Poems, including "The Witnesses", "The Fault", and "On Looking at Stubb's Anatomy of the Horse" ^[6]
• Hugh MacDiarmid, pen name of Christopher Murray Grieve, The Kind of Poetry I Want ^[14]
• Louis MacNeice, Solstices ^[6]
• John Masefield, Bluebells, and Other Verse ^[14]
• John Montague, The Nature of Cold Weather, London: MacGibbon and Kee ^[10]
• Peter Porter, Once Bitten, Twice Bitten, by an Australian living in England, ^[6] Northwood, Middlesex: Scorpion Press ^[10]
• Peter Redgrove, The Collector, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul
• Siegfried Sassoon, Collected Poems ^[6]
• C. H. Sisson, The London Zoo ^[14]
• Iain Crichton Smith, Thistles and Roses ^[6]
• Jon Stallworthy, The Astronomy of Love ^[14]
• Gillian Stoneham, When That April ^[6]
• R.S. Thomas, Tares, ^[6] Welsh
• Marina Tsvetayeva, The Selected Poems of Marina Tsvetayeva , translated by Elaine Feinstein, Oxford University Press, first of four editions (and a much-revised fifth edition)
• John Wain, Weep Before God, including "Time Was", which won second prize in the international Borestone Mountain Poetry Awards competition, ^[6] London: Macmillan ^[10]

Criticism, scholarship and biography in the United Kingdom

• William Empson, Milton's God ^[6]
• Doris Landley Moore, The Late Lord Byron ^[6]

United States

• Lee Anderson, Nags Head ^[6]
• Helen Bevington, When Found, Make a Verse Of ^[6]
• Paul Blackburn, The Nets
• Harold Bloom, John Hollander, editors, The Wind and the Rain
• Philip Booth, The Islanders ^[16]
• Joseph Payne Brennan, The Wind of Time, Hawk & Whippoorwill Press August Derleth
• John Ciardi, In the Stoneworks ^[6]
• Leonard Cohen, The Spice-Box of Earth
• Donald Davidson, The Long Street ^[16]
• August Derleth, editor, Fire and Sleet and Candlelight
• H.D. (Hilda Doolittle), Helen in Egypt, a long retelling of the tale in lyrical prose and verse of the Helen of Troy tale ^[6]
• Ed Dorn, The Newly Fallen, Totem Press ^[17]
• Alan Dugan, Poems ^[16]
• Abbie Houston Evans, Fact of Crystal ^[6]
• Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Starting from San Francisco ^[16]
• Arthur Freeman, Apollonian Poems ^[6]
• George Garrett, Abraham's Knife ^[16]
• Allen Ginsberg:
  • Empty Mirror: Early Poems, New York: Totem/Corinth ^[10]
  • Kaddish and Other Poems, San Francisco: City Lights Books ^[10]
• Horace Gregory, Medusa in Gramercy Park ^[16]
• Thom Gunn, My Sad Captains, ^[6] London: Faber and Faber; University of Chicago Press ^[10] Briton
• Daryl Hine, Heroics ^[16]
• John Hollander, The Untuning of the Sky (also see Harold Bloom/John Hollander item above)
• John Holmes, The Fortune Teller ^[6]
• David Ignatow, Say Pardon ^[6]
• LeRoi Jones, Preface to a Twenty Volume Suicide Note
• Carolyn Kizer, The Ungrateful Garden, Bloomington: Indiana University Press ^{[6] [10]}
• Maxine Kumin, Halfway ^[16]
• Denise Levertov, The Jacob's Ladder, New York: New Directions ^[10]
• Philip Levine, On the Edge ^[16]
• Robert Lowell, Imitations ^[16]
• W. S. Merwin:
  • Translator, Some Spanish Ballads, London: Abelard (American edition: Spanish Ballads, 1961, New York: Doubleday Anchor) ^[18]
  • Editor, West Wind: Supplement of American Poetry, London: Poetry Book Society ^[18]
• Pablo Neruda, Odas elementales, translated by C. Lozano and with an introduction by Fernando Alegría ^[6]
• Lorine Niedecker, My Friend Tree (published with help from Ian Hamilton Finlay)
• John Nist, editor, Modern Brazilian Poetry ^[6]
• Charles Olson:
  • The Maximus Poems ^[6]
  • The Distances ^[6]
• Hyam Plutzik, Horatio, a narrative monologue basically in blank verse ^[6]
• Theodore Roethke, I Am! Says the Lamb ^[16]
• May Sarton, Cloud, Stone, Sun, Vine ^[16]
• Peter Viereck, The Tree Witch ^[6]
• John Hall Wheelock, The Gardener ^[6]
• Richard Wilbur, Advice to a Prophet ^[6]
• James Wright and Robert Bly, translators, Twenty Poems of Georg Trakl (Austrian poet writing in German), The Sixties Press

Criticism, scholarship and biography in the United States

• Roger Asselineau, The Evolution of Walt Whitman ^[6]
• Walter Lowenfels, editor, Walt Whitman's Civil War, Whitman's writing about the war ^[6]
• Edwin Haviland Miller, The Correspondence of Walt Whitman (1842–1875, in two volumes) ^[6]
• Archibald MacLeish, Poetry and Experience (autobiography) ^[6]

Other in English

• James K. Baxter, Howrah Bridge and Other Poems, London: Oxford University Press, New Zealand poet published in the United Kingdom
• J. P. Clark, Poems (Nigeria)
• Allen Curnow, editor, Penguin Book of New Zealand Verse, ^[6]
• A. D. Hope, Poems (Australia) ^[6]
• Kenneth Slessor, The Penguin Book of Modern Australian Verse, Melbourne, Australia, anthology

Works published in other languages

Listed by language and often by nation where the work was first published and again by the poet's native land, if different; substantially revised works listed separately:

French language

Canada, in French

• Rina Lasnier, Mémoire sans jour ^[6]
• Paul Marie Lapointe, Choix de poèmes ^[6]
• Jean-Guy Pilon:
  • La Mouette et le large ^[6]
  • Recours au pays, Montréal: l'Hexagone ^[19]

France

• Andre du Bouchet, Dans la chaleur vacante ^[20]
• Aimé Césaire,Cadastre, Martinique author published in France; ^[20] Paris: Editions du Seuil
• Jean Cocteau, Le Cérémonial espagnol de Phoenix ^[6]
• Michel Deguy, Poemes de la presqu'ile ^[20]
• Max Pol Fouchet, Demeure le Secret ^[6]
• Eugène Guillevic, Carnac ^[21]
• Henri Michaux, Connaisance par les gouffres (Life Through Darkness: Exploration Through Drugs"), Paris: Gallimard ^[22]
• Marie Noël, Chants d'arrière-saison ^[6]
• Francis Ponge, Le Grand Recueil, three volumes ^[20]
• Raymond Queneau, Cent mille milliards de poèmes ^[21]
• Georges Schéhadé, Nocturnes ^[21]
• Léopold Sédar Senghor, Nocturnes ^[6]
• Jean Tardieu, Choix de poèmes ^[6]

Criticism, scholarship and biography in France

• André Berry, editor, Anthologie de la poésie occitane ^[6]
• Yves Bonnefoy, Rimbaud ^[6]
• Saint-John Perse, Poésie: allocution au Banquet Nobel du 10 décembre 1960, Paris: Gallimard ^[23]

Germany

• Johannes Bobrowski, Sarmatische Zeit
• Clemens Hesselhaus, editor, Deutsche Lyrik der Moderne: von Nietzsche bis Yvan Goll Düsseldorf: August Bagel an anthology ^{[6] [24]}

Criticism, scholarship and biography in Germany

• Wilhelm Emrich, Protest und Verheissung (criticism) ^[6]
• Walter Jens, Deutsche Literatur der Gegenwart (criticism) ^[6]

Hebrew

• J. Akavyahu, Manginot Hazot ("Midnight Music") ^[25]
• Anonymous poet from a Soviet Bloc country, Behilokah Halail ("As the Night Is Taken"), the poems were clandestinely smuggled into Israel and published ^[25]
• K. A. Bertini, Shevil Kahol ("Blue Path") ^[25]
• A. Broides, El ha-Shahar ha-Gonuz ("Toward the Hidden Dawn") ^[25]
• Yonah David, Shirim Le-lo Ahava ("Poems on Nonlove") ^[25]
• Israel Efros, Bain Hofim Nistarim ("Among Hidden Shores") ^[25]
• Hayim Guri, Shoshanat ha-Ruhot ("Rose of the Winds") ^[25]
• Yosef Lichtenbaum, ba-Mishor ha-Govoha ("On a High Plain") ^[25]
• E. Lisitzky, Kemo ha-Yom Rad ("As the Day Wanes") published in the United States ^[25]
• Anda Pinkerfield-Amir, Gadish ve-Omer ("Sheaf and Measure") ^[25]
• Gabriel Preil, Mapat Erew ("Map of Evening"), published in the United States ^[25]
• T. Ribner, Shirim Limzo Et ("Poems in Search of Time") ^[25]
• Rena Shani, Ir Zara ("Strange City") ^[25]
• Nathan Zakh, Shirim Shonim ("Various") ^[25]

Criticism, scholarship and biography in Hebrew

• B. Kurzweil, Bialik ve- Tchernichovsky — Mehkarim be-Shiratam, about aspects of the works of two important poets of the Hebrew literary renaissance ^[6]

India

Listed in alphabetical order by first name:

• Akhtarul Imam, Yaden, Urdu-language ^[26]
• Ayyappa Paniker, Kurukshetram (written 1952–1957), Malayalam-language ^[27]
• Nirendranath Chakravarti; Bengali-language:
  • Prothom Nayok, Kolkata: Surabhi Prokashoni ^[28]
  • Ondhokar Baranda, Kolkata: Krittibaash Prokashoni ^[28]
• Kunwar Narain, Parivesh Hum Tum, Allahabad: Bharti Bahandar, Leader Press; Hindi-language ^[29]

Italy

• Attilio Giuliani, editor, Novissimi, an anthology-cum-manifesto of five poets which, by 1965, will be "increasingly regarded as the principal event in Italian poetry in recent times" ^[25]

Portuguese language

Portugal

• Ruy de Moura Belo, Aquele grande rio Eufrates ("That Great River, the Euphrates") ^[30]
• Herberto Hélder, A Colher na Boca ("The Spoon in the Mouth")
• Mário Cesariny:
  • Poesia
  • Planisfério e Outros Poemas

Spanish language

Spain

• María Victoria Atencia, Cañada de los ingleses ^[6]
• Miguel Hernández, a "complete" collection of poems (posthumous) ^[6]
• Gerardo Diego, Glosa a Villamediana ^[6]

Anthologies in Spain

• Jimenez Martos, editor, Nuevos poetas españoles, mostly on the work of the "Generation of '54" ^[6]
• Rafael Montesinos, editor, Poesía taurina contemporánea, including verse by Miguel Hernández, Diego and García Lorca ^[6]

Latin America

• Arturo Corcuera, Sombra del jardín
• Roque Dalton, La ventana en rel rostro (El Salvador) ^[6]
• Hernando Domínguez de Camargo, Obras de Hernando Domínguez de Camargo (posthumous) ^[6]
• Octavio Paz, Libertad bajo palabra collected poems previously published from 1935 to 1958 in a volume using the title of an earlier book of his ^[6]
• Carlos A. Velazco, El corazón de silencio ^[6]

Anthologies in Latin America

• Anuario del cuento mexicano (Mexico) ^[6]
• Antonio Cisneros, Destierro, the author's first volume of poetry; Peru ^[31]
• Ginés de Albareda and F. Garfias, editors, Antología de la poesía hispanoamericana, Volume 8, devoted to Chilean poetry ^[6]

Yiddish

Israel

• Y Fridman, Di legende fun Neyakh Grin ("The Legend of Noah Green") ^[6]
• L. Fuks, editor, Schemuelbuch, a scholarly edition of this old Yiddish epic ^[6]
• Avrom Lev, a book of poetry ^[6]
• Leyb Olitsky, a book of poetry ^[6]
• Y Papernikov, a book of poetry ^[6]
• Rikude Potash, a book of poetry ^[6]
• Arye Shamri, Funken fun tikun ("Sparks of Salvation") ^[6]
• Avrom Sutzkever, Di gaystike erd ("The Spiritual Soil") ^[6]

Yiddish works published elsewhere

• Efrayim Oyerbakh, Di vayse shtot ("The White City") ^[6]
• I. L. Kalushiner, a book of poetry ^[6]
• Yisroel Emiot, In nigun ayngehert ("Listening to the Melody") ^[6]
• David Sfard, A zegl in vint ("A Sail in the Wind") (Poland) ^[6]

Other languages

• Dritëro Agolli, Hapat e mija në asfalt ("My steps on the pavement"), Albania
• Simin Behbahani, Marmar ("Marble"), Persia
• Syed Shamsul Haque, Ekoda Ek Rajje ("Once upon a time in a kingdom"), Bengali published in East Pakistan
• Alexander Mezhirov, Ветровое стекло ("Windshield" or "Windscreen"), Russia, Soviet Union ^[32]
• Nizar Qabbani, My Beloved, Syrian poet writing in Arabic
• Klaus Rifbjerg, Camouflage, Denmark ^[33]

Awards and honors

United Kingdom

• Eric Gregory Award: Adrian Mitchell, Geoffrey Hill

United States

• Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress (later the post would be called "Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress"): Louis Untermeyer appointed this year.
• Pulitzer Prize for Poetry: Phyllis McGinley: Times Three: Selected Verse From Three Decades
• Bollingen Prize: Yvor Winters
• National Book Award for Poetry: Randall Jarrell, The Woman at the Washington Zoo
• Fellowship of the Academy of American Poets: Horace Gregory

Other

• Lenin Prize (Soviet Union): Alexander Tvardovsky for Za Dalyu dal ... ("Space Beyond Space")
• Canada: Governor General's Award, poetry or drama: Acis in Oxford, Robert Finch ^[34]

Births

Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:

• May 2 – Lisa Bellear (died 2006), Australian indigenous poet
• May 4 – Ishita Bhaduri, Indian Poet and Author
• May 17 – Han Dong 韩东, Chinese poet and novelist
• June 5 – Swadesh Roy, Bengali journalist, essayist, poet, novelist and short-story writer
• August 14 – Steven Heighton, Canadian novelist and poet
• September 13 – Tom Holt, English historical and comic novelist and poet
• November 9 – Jackie Kay, Scottish poet and novelist
• December 20 – Sion Sono 園 子温, Japanese controversial avant-garde poet and filmmaker
• Also:
  • Ifor ap Glyn, Welsh-language poet
  • Gitaujali Badruddin
  • Chen Kehua, Chinese poet and ophthalmologist in Taiwan ^[35]
  • Denise Duhamel, American
  • Kenneth Goldsmith, American
  • Maggie Helwig, English-born Canadian novelist, poet and Anglican priest
  • Louis de Paor, Irish-language poet

Deaths

Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:

• April 30 – Jessie Redmon Fauset, 79 (born 1885), American novelist and poet ^[6]
• June 26 – Kenneth Fearing, 58 (born 1902), American poet and writer
• September 27 – Hilda Doolittle, known as H.D., 75 (born 1886), American poet, novelist, and memoirist, ^[6] of a heart attack
• December 24 – Robert Hillyer, 66 (born 1895), American poet ^[6]

See also

• Poetry portal

• List of poetry awards
• List of years in poetry
• Poetry

Notes

1. Garner, Dwight (2008-12-25). "The Intersection of Poetry and Politics". The New York Times . Retrieved 2008-12-25.
2. Kirk, Connie Ann (2004). Sylvia Plath: A Biography. Westport, CN: Greenwood Press. p. 85. ISBN   0-313-33214-2.
3. Kynaston, David (2014). Modernity Britain: A Shake of the Dice, 1959–62. London: Bloomsbury. p. 342. ISBN   978-1-4088-4439-7.
4. Roberts, Neil, editor, A Companion to Twentieth-century Poetry, Part III, Chapter 3, "Canadian Poetry", by Cynthia Messenger, Blackwell Publishing, 2003, ISBN   978-1-4051-1361-8, retrieved via Google Books, January 3, 2009
5. "Selected Timeline of Anglophone Caribbean Poetry" in Williams, Emily Allen, Anglophone Caribbean Poetry, 1970–2001: An Annotated Bibliography, page xvii and following pages, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002, ISBN   978-0-313-31747-7, retrieved via Google Books, February 7, 2009
6. Britannica Book of the Year 1962, covering events of 1961, published by the Encyclopædia Britannica, 1962; articles cited: "American Literature", "Canadian Literature", "English Literature", "French Literature", "German Literature", "Italian Literature", "Jewish Literature", "Latin American Literature", "Soviet Literature", "Spanish Literature", "Obituaries"
7. Gustafson, Ralph, The Penguin Book of Canadian Verse, revised edition, 1967, Baltimore, Maryland: Penguin Books
8. "Gwendolyn MacEwen Archived 2011-06-07 at the Wayback Machine ," Canadian Women Poets, BrockU.ca, Web, Apr. 22, 2001.
9. Preminger, Alex and T.V.F. Brogan, et al., editors, The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics, 1993, Princeton University Press and MJF Books, "Canadian Poetry" article, English "Anthologies" section, p 164
10. M. L. Rosenthal, The New Poets: American and British Poetry Since World War II, New York: Oxford University Press, 1967, "Selected Bibliography: Individual Volumes by Poets Discussed", pp 334-340
11. Vinayak Krishna Gokak, The Golden Treasury Of Indo-Anglian Poetry (1828-1965), p 323, New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi (1970, first edition; 2006 reprint), ISBN   81-260-1196-3, retrieved August 10, 2010
12. Naik, M. K., Perspectives on Indian poetry in English, p. 230, (published by Abhinav Publications, 1984, ISBN   0-391-03286-0, ISBN   978-0-391-03286-6), retrieved via Google Books, June 12, 2009
13. Lal, P., Modern Indian Poetry in English: An Anthology & a Credo, p 362, Calcutta: Writers Workshop, second edition, 1971 (however, on page 597 an "editor's note" states contents "on the following pages are a supplement to the first edition" and is dated "1972")
14. Cox, Michael, ed. (2004). The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature . Oxford University Press. ISBN   0-19-860634-6.
15. Haynes, Kenneth (2012). "A Bibliography of Geoffrey Hill". In Lyon, John; McDonald, Peter (eds.). Geoffrey Hill: Essays on His Later Work. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 177. ISBN   978-0-19-958660-8.
16. Ludwig, Richard M., and Clifford A. Nault, Jr., Annals of American Literature: 1602–1983, 1986, New York: Oxford University Press ("If the title page is one year later than the copyright date, we used the latter since publishers frequently postdate books published near the end of the calendar year." — from the Preface, p vi)
17. Web page titled "Archive / Edward Dorn (1929-1999)" at the Poetry Foundation website, retrieved May 8, 2008
18. Web page titled "W. S. Merwin (1927- )" at the Poetry Foundation Web site, retrieved June 8, 2010
19. Web page titled "Jean-Guy Pilon" Archived 2011-07-06 at the Wayback Machine at L’Académie des lettres du Québec website (in French), retrieved October 20, 2010
20. Auster, Paul, editor, The Random House Book of Twentieth-Century French Poetry: with Translations by American and British Poets, New York: Random House, 1982 ISBN   0-394-52197-8
21. Brée, Germaine, Twentieth-Century French Literature, translated by Louise Guiney, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1983
22. Rigaud-Drayton, Margaret, Henri Michaux: Poetry, Painting and the Universal Sign, Bibliography, p 165, Oxford University Press, 2005, retrieved via Google Books on August 10, 2009
23. Web page titled "Saint-John Perse: The Nobel Prize in Literature 1960: Bibliography"at the Nobel Prize Website, retrieved July 20, 2009. 2009-07-24.
24. Preminger, Alex and T.V.F. Brogan, et al., editors, The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics, 1993, Princeton University Press and MJF Books, "German Poetry" article, "Criticism in German" section, p 474; source states "1960" but vast majority of academic sources on the Web say "1961" with second edition in 1962
25. Britannica Book of the Year 1966, covering events of 1965, published by Encyclopædia Britannica, 1966.
26. Das, Sisir Kumar and various, History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956: struggle for freedom: triumph and tragedy, Volume 2, 1995, published by Sahitya Akademi, ISBN   978-81-7201-798-9, retrieved via Google Books on December 23, 2008
27. Paniker, Ayyappa, "Modern Malayalam Literature" chapter in George, K. M., editor, Modern Indian Literature, an Anthology, pp 231–255, published by Sahitya Akademi, 1992, retrieved January 10, 2009
28. Web page title "Nirendranath Chakravarti" Archived 2012-02-14 at the Wayback Machine , at the Poetry International website, retrieved July 15, 2010
29. Web page titled "Kunwar Narain" at the "Poetry International" website, retrieved July 12, 2010
30. da Silva, Jaime H., "BELO, Ruy de Moura", article, p 184, Bleiberg, Germán, Dictionary of the literature of the Iberian peninsula, Volume 1, as retrieved from Google Books on September 6, 2011
31. Web page titled "Antonio Cisneros-Peru" at the 2011 International Literary Festival in Berlin, retrieved August 29, 2011
32. Shrayer, Maxim, "Aleksandr Mezhirov", p 879, An Anthology of Jewish-Russian Literature: Two Centuries of Dual Identity in Prose and Poetry, publisher: M.E. Sharpe, 2007, ISBN   0-7656-0521-X, ISBN   978-0-7656-0521-4, retrieved via Google Books on May 27, 2009
33. "Danish Poetry" article, pp 270-274, in Preminger, Alex and T. V. F. Brogan, et al., The New Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics, 1993. New York: MJF Books/Fine Communications
34. "Cumulative List of Winners of the Governor General's Literary Awards Archived 2011-05-14 at the Wayback Machine ", Canada Council. Web, Feb. 10, 2011. http://www.canadacouncil.ca/NR/rdonlyres/E22B9A3C-5906-41B8-B39C-F91F58B3FD70/0/cumulativewinners2010rev.pdf
35. Poetry International website Web page on Chen Kehua, retrieved November 22, 2008